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1989: The Struggle to Create Post-Cold War Europe (Princeton Studies in International History and Politics)
 
 
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1989: The Struggle to Create Post-Cold War Europe (Princeton Studies in International History and Politics) [Hardcover]

Mary Elise Sarotte (Author)
4.7 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (6 customer reviews)

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Book Description

0691143064 978-0691143064 September 14, 2009 First

There are unique periods in history when a single year witnesses the total transformation of international relations. The year 1989 was one such crucial watershed. This book uses previously unavailable sources to explore the momentous events following the fall of the Berlin Wall twenty years ago and the effects they have had on our world ever since.

Based on documents, interviews, and television broadcasts from many different locations, including Moscow, Berlin, Bonn, Paris, London, and Washington, 1989 describes how Germany unified, NATO expansion began, and Russia got left on the periphery of the new Europe. Mary Sarotte explains that while it was clear past a certain point that the Soviet Bloc would crumble, there was nothing inevitable about what would follow. A wide array of political players--from leaders like Mikhail Gorbachev, Helmut Kohl, George H. W. Bush, and James Baker, to organizations like NATO and the European Community, to courageous individual dissidents--all proposed courses of action and models for the future. In front of global television cameras, a competition ensued, ultimately won by those who wanted to ensure that the "new" order looked very much like the old. Sarotte explores how the aftermath of this fateful victory, and Russian resentment of it, continue to shape world politics today.

Presenting diverse perspectives from the political elite as well as ordinary citizens, 1989 is compelling reading for anyone who cares about international relations past, present, or future.



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Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

The fall of the Berlin Wall might have brought forth a radically changed geopolitical landscape, but instead yielded a redux of the cold war status quo, according to this incisive history of German reunification. USC international relations professor Sarotte (Dealing with the Devil) spotlights West German chancellor Helmut Kohl as the key figure, the man who seized the moment to annex East Germany while others dithered. Through adroit, sometimes misleading diplomacy and offers of aid to the collapsing Soviet economy, Kohl outmaneuvered Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, both unifying his country and advancing NATO's borders a long step eastward. East Germany's post-Communist leadership, who imagined an independent, quasi-socialist East Germany, come off as hapless idealists easily bulldozed by Kohl. The author embeds her interpretation in a sharp-eyed, fluent narrative of 1989–1990 that sees the realpolitik behind the stirring upheavals. Sarotte's claim that the outcome—a bigger NATO, still squared off against a truculent post-Communist Russia—might have been different feels more wistful than convincing, but she offers a smart and canny analysis of the birth of our not-so-new world order. Photos. (Nov.)
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Review


Sarotte's focus is on Germany. . . . [She] describes a host of competing conceptions of post-cold-war Europe that flourished, mutated and perished in the maelstrom of events that led up to German unity. . . . Two decades later . . . [t]here are still nuclear missiles aimed across the continent. It's hard to imagine that it could have been otherwise--but, Sarotte shows us, it could have been. -- Paul Hockenos, New York Times Book Review



A great virtue of Mary Elise Sarotte's 1989 is that she makes the problem of hindsight bias explicit, and systematically explores the roads not taken. -- Timothy Garton Ash, New York Review of Books



Much the most exciting of these books is Mary Elise Sarotte's 1989. In contrast to the other authors, Sarotte treats the uprisings and collapses of that year as a prelude to the biggest change of all: 'the struggle to create post-Cold War Europe', as her subtitle puts it. . . . Sarottte [is] a lucid and compelling writer. -- Neal Ascherson, London Review of Books



The author embeds her interpretation in a sharp-eyed, fluent narrative of 1989-1990 that sees the realpolitik behind the stirring upheavals. . . . [S]he offers a smart and canny analysis of the birth of our not-so-new world order. -- Publishers Weekly



Mary Elise Sarotte's 1989 . . . shows why this post-Cold War world, and not a different one, came out of the dramatic events of 1989, and why the result was bound to pit the U.S. against Russia again in the twenty-first century. -- George Packer, NewYorker.com



A hugely impressive study that looks beyond 1989 to the many-faceted battle to shape the new Europe. -- Gerard DeGroot, Washington Post



Sarotte's book is compact and highly interpretive. Yet Sarotte has thoroughly mastered the original source material in all the key countries. She distills it with great skill, constantly enlivening her account with a sensibility for what these changes meant in life and culture. Hers is now the best one-volume work on Germany's unification available. It contains the clearest understanding to date of the extraordinary juggling performance of Kohl. -- Philip D. Zelikow, Foreign Affairs



[A] scrupulous account of the high politics and diplomacy of 1989. With remarkable diligence, [Sarotte] has interviewed almost all the surviving participants, and quarried government archives and other libraries for documents that illustrate the decision-making (and lack of it) that year. The result is a tale of hypocrisy and indecision in high places. -- Economist



The tragic hero of 1989, for Sarotte, is Gorbachev. He was, and is still seen by many Russians as a King Lear figure: a man prepared to give away what he should have retained to a west bent on extracting as much as possible from the Soviet collapse--under the cover of honeyed words and rhetoric of a new age. -- John Lloyd, Financial Times



[1989] is a work of coruscating intelligence and inspired scholarship that brims with provocative conclusions, well-argued and documented. It will appeal to casual readers and scholars alike who want to revisit how history turned on its hinges 20 years ago. -- Mike Leary, Philadelphia Inquirer



Sarotte's readable and reliable diplomatic history will no doubt take its place as the classic overview of this period. It is sensible, balanced, and well documented, drawing on what is now an extensive international body of primary and secondary sources. -- Andrew Moravcsik, Foreign Affairs



Your humble blogger's all-time favorite historian, Mary Elise Sarotte, has just published her magnum opus, 1989, about the fall of the Berlin Wall and the year of diplomacy that led to a reunified Germany ensconced within NATO and the European Union. -- Dan Drezner, Foreign Policy blog



Mary Sarotte's 1989, shows how the Wall's opening was not planned but was the immediate consequence of a bungled press conference by an East German official. -- Mitchell Cohen, Dissent



[A] fresh analysis of the year's events and their after-effects. -- Megan O'Grady, Vogue.com



[A] truly great book. . . . [A] whodunit of world politics that uses sources from Germany, the USA, Russia and other countries to reveal both the details and the drama of the year of German unification in an unprecedented fashion. -- Stefan Kornelius, Süddeutsche Zeitung



This is a cracker of a read, a fast-paced policy study of a year that transformed Europe and the world. Mary Elise Sarotte sets out how fairly standard politicians saw the chance to extend democracy and the market economy throughout the Soviet empire and took it. . . .This is a book for everybody who understands that politics is the application of policy and, when done well, can transform the world for the better. -- Australian



Sarotte has a good feel for the internal politics of all four external powers which, as a result of the 1945 settlement, had a continuing stake in Berlin and the broader issue of Germany's fate. But she is especially good on Germany. -- Archie Brown, History Today



'On November 9, 1989, the Berlin Wall opened and the world changed.' With this simple statement, Sarotte begins her timely, highly readable book in which she revisits the remarkable events in Europe between November 1989 and the end of 1990, with a focus on Germany. . . . Stimulating reading for a general audience, students, and faculty/researchers. -- Choice



Sarotte's outstanding book shows that Europe's prefab post-1989 order was a messy improvisation, but at no point during the collapse of communism did conditions favourable to the alternatives cohere. -- Richard Gowan, International Journal



[1989] is widely and deeply-researched, gracefully written, and admirably concise. I especially liked the author's ability to express the human dimensions of her story by combining an analysis of big issues and long range trends with carefully-chosen vignettes and contemporary quotations. The book is full of astute and totally convincing judgments. -- James Sheehan, H-Diplo Roundtable Reviews



This book sets the record straight on several issues [and] popular misconceptions and exposes the truth behind the positions of the major players. It is a valuable book that helps understand the international political power play. -- Vaidehi Nathan, Organiser



Sarotte's book . . . conveys a much-needed appreciation that history, even at its hinges, is anything but simple. -- William W. Finan, Current History



Mary Elise Sarotte has produced a first-rate scholarly book. It is thoroughly researched, well written, intelligent, and full of interesting vignettes that complement the larger story she tells. -- Michael Bernhard, American Historical Review



Mary Elise Sarotte's . . . lucid and thoughtful book . . . very effectively combines a detailed historical narrative with a conceptual framework which clarifies the significance of what happened, and of what failed to happen. -- Roger Morgan, International Affairs



The prose and style are lucid. . . . [1989] is valuable to students, academics and general readers alike in learning more about these epochal happenings. . . . [T]his is an excellent work which is likely to become a key text for this period. -- Alex Spelling, Diplomacy and Statecraft



[T]his book truly underscores the necessity of entering a post-triumphalist phase in writing the history of what came after the Wall came down. This book provides a wonderful example of how an enlightened diplomatic history can contribute to this endeavor. -- Andreas W. Daum, Central European History

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 344 pages
  • Publisher: Princeton University Press; First edition (September 14, 2009)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0691143064
  • ISBN-13: 978-0691143064
  • Product Dimensions: 9.3 x 6.4 x 1.2 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.4 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 4.7 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (6 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #249,369 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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6 of 6 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars A useful account of German unification in 1989-90, December 6, 2009
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Graham (Palo Alto, CA) - See all my reviews
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This review is from: 1989: The Struggle to Create Post-Cold War Europe (Princeton Studies in International History and Politics) (Hardcover)
1989 was a year of miracles, with the fall of the Berlin wall and democratic revolutions across Eastern Europe. But 1990 was also miraculous for the two Germanies, with a leap to full economic and political unification in under a year.

Prof Sarotte provide an excellent account of the German unification process. However, this means that (despite the book's title) her account is more focused on 1990 than 1989 and it is primarily concerned with the German unification issues, and only indirectly with the broader European picture.

Sarotte emphasizes that there were many possible models for how Germany might evolve after the fall of the wall, from a reformed but still independent East Germany, to a loose German confederation, to an attempt to reassert the historic Four Power supervisory role, to a unified neutral Germany, to full unification within NATO. Events moved with indecent haste, often overwhelming proposed models even as they were being fleshed out. The final outcome was very far from being inevitable.

The choices made for Germany in 1990 set the stage for much later development, including the accession of other Eastern European countries to the EU and NATO, but also led to a strong sense of disenchantment in Russia, when NATO unexpectedly grew to Russia's very borders.

Sarotte emphasizes Kohl's central role in rapidly forcing through unification in the face of hesitations and concerns from his colleagues. In retrospect, it seems plausible that there was a fairly short historic window where massive change was possible, when citizens in both Germanies were open to radical change and when Gorbachev still held sufficient sway to ensure reluctant Soviet acquiescence. A sensible, carefully considered unification process might well have taken many years and thus might well have failed, or led to a very different outcome. Kohl seems to have been one the few players to have a true sense of urgency, often speaking of the need "to get the harvest in before the storm comes".

Sarotte leads us through accounts of the many international negotiations, summits, proposals and counter-proposals, focusing particularly on the roles of Kohl and Baker. There is some risk of getting lost in the details here, but fortunately Sarotte also steps back periodically and reminds us of the larger picture and of how the various choices are playing out.

In general this is a very lucid and readable account of a key period of European history. Sarotte does a good job of conveying both the uncertainties and the intensity of the period.
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4 of 4 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Review of the Unification - a Primer in Negotiating, January 30, 2010
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R. Houck (New York, NY) - See all my reviews
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This review is from: 1989: The Struggle to Create Post-Cold War Europe (Princeton Studies in International History and Politics) (Hardcover)
I am very familiar with the reunification of Germany and know or have at least met some of the players. This book weaves an exciting narrative of the process and the constantly changing realities on the ground. It also fills in the backgrounds of the participants, describing experiences that make their behavior understandable or even more remarkable. I am thinking of Thatcher and Mitterand in particular. For many Americans it will come as a shock that Ronald Reagan did not cause the fall of Communism singlehandedly. The Germans on the ground in Dresden and Leipzig had something to do with it, along with the economic collapse - unknown to even high ranking East German, Polish and Soviet politicians - of the Communist Bloc. Of particular interest (to me) was the explanation of how Gorbachev painted himself into a corner and got less out of the deal than he expected. This is a lesson to anyone who engages in negotiations.
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1 of 1 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Honorable Mention: 2011 Laura Shannon Prize in Contemporary European Studies, February 16, 2011
This review is from: 1989: The Struggle to Create Post-Cold War Europe (Princeton Studies in International History and Politics) (Hardcover)
This work by Mary Elise Sarotte received honorable mention for the the 2011 Laura Shannon Prize for European Studies, an award that is administered by the Nanovic Institute for European Studies at the University of Notre Dame. The jury statement reads, "Mary Elise Sarotte in 1989: The Struggle to Create Post-Cold War Europe recounts the accidents, political calculations, and social changes that led to the fall of the Berlin wall and the reunification of Germany. Linking individual stories to high politics, Sarotte's masterly narrative and skillful studies of key decision makers argues that the structure of today's post-cold war world was not inevitable. Beautifully written and well-researched; a landmark study of European politics." The final jury was composed of Nancy Bermeo, Nuffield Professor of Comparative Politics, Nuffield College, University of Oxford; Laura Engelstein, Henry S. McNeil Professor of History, Yale University; Felipe Fernández-Armesto, William P. Reynolds Professor of History, University of Notre Dame; James Sheehan, Dickason Professor in the Humanities, Emeritus, Stanford University; Catherine H. Zuckert, Nancy Reeves Dreux Professor of Political Science, University of Notre Dame. For more information about the book and the Shannon Prize, visit [...].
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