This publication brings together research advances focused on the mechanisms of HIV cell infection, trophism, latency and pathogenesis. The studies elucidate some of the molecular mechanisms of the HIV infection process. Included is a review which presents new information on intracytoplasmic forms of HIC; a study demonstrating that peptides derived from the CD4-binding region of gp 120 may directly play a role in inhibiting the human immune response; and a report on the use of the rigid structure of a related compound, cyclodex-trin, as a starting point for the design of a second generation of HIV cell entry inhibitor molecules. Further studies demonstrate that CD4 can be a crucial part of the infection cycle of human macrophage cell lines and that viral genes outside the envelope region and nef region appear to play a role in HIV trophism. The molecular interactions between the HIV long terminal repeat (LTR) - which serves as the promoter region for all the HIV gene products and cellular transcription factors - are explored, as is the viral trophism of mononuclear phygobytes at the molecular level and viral trophism in hybrid B-cell/T-cell lines. The final paper provides a review of the relationship between HIV infection of monocyte/macrophage and cytokine production as major influences contributing to the pathogenesis of the disease.
