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American Brutus: John Wilkes Booth and the Lincoln Conspiracies [Hardcover]

Michael W. Kauffman (Author)
4.5 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (65 customer reviews)


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Book Description

November 2, 2004
It is a tale as familiar as our history primers: A deranged actor, John Wilkes Booth, killed Abraham Lincoln in Ford’s Theatre, escaped on foot, and eluded capture for twelve days until he met his fiery end in a Virginia tobacco barn. In the national hysteria that followed, eight others were arrested and tried; four of those were executed, four imprisoned. Therein lie all the classic elements of a great thriller. But the untold tale is even more fascinating.

Now, in American Brutus, Michael W. Kauffman, one of the foremost Lincoln assassination authorities, takes familiar history to a deeper level, offering an unprecedented, authoritative account of the Lincoln murder conspiracy. Working from a staggering array of archival sources and new research, Kauffman sheds new light on the background and motives of John Wilkes Booth, the mechanics of his plot to topple the Union government, and the trials and fates of the conspirators.

Piece by piece, Kauffman explains and corrects common misperceptions and analyzes the political motivation behind Booth’s plan to unseat Lincoln, in whom the assassin saw a treacherous autocrat, “an American Caesar.” In preparing his study, Kauffman spared no effort getting at the truth: He even lived in Booth’s house, and re-created key parts of Booth’s escape. Thanks to Kauffman’s discoveries, readers will have a new understanding of this defining event in our nation’s history, and they will come to see how public sentiment about Booth at the time of the assassination and ever since has made an accurate account of his actions and motives next to impossible–until now.

In nearly 140 years there has been an overwhelming body of literature on the Lincoln assassination, much of it incomplete and oftentimes contradictory. In American Brutus, Kauffman finally makes sense of an incident whose causes and effects reverberate to this day. Provocative, absorbing, utterly cogent, at times controversial, this will become the definitive text on a watershed event in American history.


Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

Kauffman, an independent Lincoln assassination scholar, offers a beautifully written, exhaustive and well-reasoned reassessment of John Wilkes Booth and the murder of America's 16th president. The story Kauffman tells, though highly familiar, is also byzantine enough to still capture our attention. More importantly, Kauffman puts a new spin on well-worn data, adding a riveting reinterpretation that paints Booth as a ruthless player of complex games: a darkly brilliant manipulator of people, not all of whom realized what they were a part of until after Lincoln lay dead. Booth reveled in creating false impressions and planting strategic misinformation. One example involves Dr. Samuel Mudd, who set Booth's fractured leg before learning of the assassination and then, frightened for his life, made the mistake of denying knowing the actor. Years later, Gen. David Hunter—ranking member of the military commission that tried and sentenced Mudd to prison—commented: "The Court never believed that Dr. Mudd knew anything about Booth's designs. Booth made him a tool as he had done others." Kauffman's Booth is, in the end, a crazed but skilled puppetmaster who, as part of his endgame, needed to make sure that most of his puppets joined him in martyrdom for the Confederate cause. "Booth immortalized himself by staging one of history's greatest dramas," Kauffman writes. "In the process, he accomplished what every actor aspires to do: he made us all wonder where the play ended and reality began."
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

From Booklist

In this thorough review of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, Kauffman seems to have examined everything--documents, places, and artifacts--related to the case. He reports having spent 400 hours in the assassin's home, indicating his dedication to unearthing all the facts about the plots of John Wilkes Booth. Fortunately, dedication doesn't degenerate into obsession with any single angle: Kauffman announces no astounding revelation--such as a link between the assassin and the Confederate government. He does stress, however, the forensic sloppiness of the investigation, albeit without insinuating the wrong people were caught, tried, and hanged. While joining the historical chorus that innkeeper Mary Surratt, whatever her knowledge of the plotters, might not have deserved the rope, Kauffman's tracking of Lewis Powell, David Herold, and George Atzerodt doesn't clear them of consorting with Booth. A levelheaded analysis of the evolution of Booth's plans, Kauffman's book will satisfy the enduring interest in Lincoln's murder. REVWR
Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 528 pages
  • Publisher: Random House; 1St Edition edition (November 2, 2004)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 037550785X
  • ISBN-13: 978-0375507854
  • Product Dimensions: 9.3 x 6.7 x 1.8 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.9 pounds
  • Average Customer Review: 4.5 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (65 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #288,679 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

More About the Author

As historian William C. Davis once wrote, "no one has studied [John Wilkes] Booth longer or more in depth than Michael W. Kauffman, a well-known figure and voice of reason in the field of Lincoln assassination studies."

For thirty-five years, Kauffman has been a fixture at assassination-related symposia, tours, and news events. He has written numerous articles on the subject, and his bus tours of the John Wilkes Booth Escape Route have made him "legendary," according to The Washington Post. Taking a full-immersion approach to history, Kauffman has rowed across the Potomac where Booth rowed, leaped to the stage in Ford's Theatre, and burned down a tobacco barn almost identical to the one in which Booth was cornered and killed. His research has taken him to hundreds of locations throughout the U. S., Canada, and England, and for a time he even took up residence in Tudor Hall, the Booth family home in Maryland.

Kauffman has written for Civil War Times, the Washington Post, American Heritage, Blue and Gray, and the Lincoln Herald, among others. He has lectured throughout the United States, and has appeared in more than twenty television and radio documentaries, including programs on A& E, The Learning Channel, the History Channel, National Geographic Channel, and the Discovery Channel. David Simon is making his book "American Brutus" into a 9-part miniseries for Home Box Office.

He is the editor of Samuel B. Arnold's Memoirs of a Lincoln Conspirator, and more recently (2004) he wrote American Brutus: John Wilkes Booth and the Lincoln Conspiracies, which was named by the New York Times, the Washington Post, and several other media outlets as one of the best non-fiction books of 2004.

The Wall Street Journal recently named American Brutus one of the five best books ever published on political violence. Civil War Interactive put it high on the list of Most Important Civil Books Ever Published, and it received the Walt Whitman Award for the best Civil War-related book of the year. David Simon is making "American Brutus" into a 9-part miniseries for Home Box Office.


Kauffman has incorporated recent studies of perception and memory to highlight the weaknesses of traditional sources, and relies exclusively on first-person sources of proven veracity. In this way, he debunks some of the more persistent conspiracy theories. It was a tedious job, taking more than 34 years to do it, but the results go far beyond any previous book on the subject.

In the end, he has found a wealth of new details on Booth and his band of conspirators, and has painted a picture of John Wilkes Booth as a cold-blooded manipulator of people who succeeded in killing the president through a quirk in contemporary law, that allowed him to cover up his plans.


Watch for David Simon's 9-part Miniseries based on this book! It will air on HBO.

 

Customer Reviews

65 Reviews
5 star:
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 (17)
3 star:
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Average Customer Review
4.5 out of 5 stars (65 customer reviews)
 
 
 
 
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Most Helpful Customer Reviews

78 of 81 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars The Death of Lincoln Revisited, November 2, 2004
This review is from: American Brutus: John Wilkes Booth and the Lincoln Conspiracies (Hardcover)
This is a wonderful gripping page-turning biography with an assassination of a President at its core. Mr. Kauffman has written history in the style of a novel without sacrificing accuracy or stretching the boundaries of probabilities.

This is the best single description that I have ever read of the night that Lincoln was murdered, at the moment of his greatest glory with the Civil War winding down with the surrender of General Lee earlier in the week. Most of the previous assassination/conspiracies accounts have centered upon Lincoln, with John Wilkes Booth as the mysterious off-stage actor. Mr. Kauffman has written for this generation the definitive story of how Lincoln came to die, with this prominent actor pulling the various strings to accomplish his goal.

"American Brutus" has all the usual suspects (Mary Surrat, Dr. Mudd, David Herold, et al) being manipulated in the elaborate web that Wilkes has weaved for the Confederate cause. One comes away with a sense of what it was like to live in the Washington D.C. region during the Civil War. Current residents (and future visitors) of that region will especially enjoy this book (with its maps) and be able to re-trace Wilkes' escape route, tour Ford's Theater and see the locations where the plotting occurred.

Mr Kauffman had performed exhaustive research without cramming all of it down the throat of the reader. This is a book that a non-reader of history will enjoy and a likely nominee for next year's Pulitzer's Prize for history.
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23 of 23 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars Everything you ever wanted to know about Booth and the Lincoln Assassination and I mean everything, December 28, 2005
By 
Richard E. Hourula (Berkeley, CA. United States) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
Every once in awhile a biography or history book is labeled the "definitive" work on a subject. Surely that term must be applied to Michael Kauffman's work on John Wilkes Booth and the conspiracy to assassinate Abraham Lincoln. When it comes to this type of book too much is infinitely better than not enough. So the fact that Kauffman spares no details about Booth, his actions leading up to and following the assassination and his fellow conspirators amounts to a small quibble with this impressive work. True, the more causal reader will often feel overwhelmed with information but Kauffman is a skilled story teller and that is what at essence "American Brutus" is, a ripping good story about one of the key points and great tragedies of our nation's history.

Kauffman completely acquaints the reader with Booth, his family and friends and what emerges is a fully realized portrait never tainted by the writer's one judgments. Kauffman allows the man's words and actions to speak for himself. His portrait of Booth is neither sympathetic (we wouldn't hear of it) nor harsh (we don't need it). The author has so immersed himself in the subject matter that he is able to brilliantly recreate the times and places surrounding Booth and the assassination. Particularly impressive is his portrait of our nation's capital some 140 years ago. From the White House, to Ford's Theater to all stops in between, the reader is transported.

For those of us who've made a life long study of American history including the Civil War, Lincoln and the consequences of Lincoln's premature death, "American Brutus" is an important contribution to our understanding of these times and events. For those less versed in our history this is a wonderful contribution.

The book includes important appendices and a richly detailed notes section.
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33 of 35 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars Myths are exploded!, April 13, 2005
This review is from: American Brutus: John Wilkes Booth and the Lincoln Conspiracies (Hardcover)
AMERICAN BRUTUS starts with the assassination of Lincoln. Kauffman quotes just about everybody who was at Ford's theater when it happened: audience members, stage hands, actors etc. Then he moves to the initial investigations and the several law enforcement officers and detectives who were on the trail of the killers. It's hard to keep everybody straight.

Not until Chapter Five do we get a glimpse of Booth's background. His father was also an actor and seemed to get along well with the "rented" slaves he kept. Junius Booth Sr. had no problem with negroes eating at the same table. Kauffman suggests that military school may have had something to do with Booth's attitude toward blacks.

Kauffman hypothesizes that Booth saw himself as a Brutus character. According to Booth, Lincoln was a tyrant, like Julius Caesar, who had trampled on the Constitution. In the picture section, we see John Wilkes acting with his brothers in Julius Caesar, although he played Mark Antony to Edwin's Brutus. Kauffman says John Wilkes played many such characters throughout his career.

There are several other illuminating hypotheses in AMERICAN BRUTUS. One would be that Booth tried to implicate anyone he talked to about the plot, plus several other innocent bystanders. He shows how Dr. Mudd was "set up" by Booth and Surratt. He also shows how Booth tried to do this with Vice President Johnson by leaving him a note prior to the assassination.

Kauffman also works hard at exploding several misconceptions about the assassination. Secretary of War Edwin Stanton is shown taking charge after Lincoln was shot. Far from hating Lincoln, he was genuinely fond of the president. Also, John Wilkes Booth did not break his leg when he jumped from Lincoln's box. Kauffman shows that this notion came from the journal Booth kept during his flight, which was packed with other deliberate fabrications. Most surprising for me, I guess, was Kauffman's portrayal of Lewis Thornton Powell. The myth has it that Powell was insane, but Kauffman shows that Powell's lawyer used an insanity defense during the trail, which may have given historians a wrong idea; Powell was a member of Mosby's Rangers prior to the assassination and faced death bravely.

The trial segment was kind of dull. Eight people were tried by a military tribunal, including a woman. The prosecution did not have to furnish all of the evidence it found to the various defense attorneys. Some of the testimony was faked. Yet, four of the defendants were sentenced to life imprisonment and were eventually pardoned by President Johnson as he left office.

For me, the Coda was the most interesting part of the book as the reader gets to find out what happened to all of the principals later on in life. Henry Rathbone, for instance, who accompanied Lincoln and his wife to the play, never fully recovered from his stabbing and eventually murdered his wife.

Tons of footnotes with occasional commentary within. I'm still reading them.
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Inside This Book (learn more)
First Sentence:
GOOD FRIDAY HAD NEVER BEEN WELL-ATTENDED NIGHT at the theater, but on that evening, the city of Washington was in a partying mood. Read the first page
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
conspiracy trial, semper tyrannis, singular combination, pension file, claim file
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
John Wilkes, New York, John Surratt, Ford's Theatre, Abraham Lincoln, Mary Surratt, George Atzerodt, Mary Ann, Lewis Powell, White House, General Grant, Lou Weichmann, Charles County, Secretary Stanton, Port Tobacco, Sam Arnold, Southern Maryland, United States, General Augur, Ned Spangler, David Herold, Sam Chester, Mike O'Laughlen, National Hotel, Edwin Stanton
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