It is standardly assumed that Universal Grammar (UG) allows a given hierarchical representation to be associated with more than one linear order. For example, English and Japanese phrases consisting of a verb and its complement are thought of as symmetrical to one another, differing only in linear order. The Antisymmetry of Syntax proposes a restrictive theory of word order and phrase structure that denies this assumption. According to this theory, phrase structure always completely determines linear order, so that if two phrases differ in linear order, they must also differ in hierarchical structure.More specifically, Richard Kayne shows that asymmetric c-command invariably maps into linear precedence. From this follows, with few further hypotheses, a highly specific theory of word order in UG: that complement positions must always follow their associated head, and that specifiers and adjoined elements must always precede the phrase that they are sister to. A further result is that standard X-bar theory is not a primitive component of UG. Rather, X-bar theory expresses a set of antisymmetric properties of phrase structure. This antisymmetry is inherited from the more basic antisymmetry of linear order.Linguistic Inquiry Monograph No. 25
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Richard S. Kayne is Distinguished Professor in the Ph.D. Program in Linguistics, CUNY Graduate Center.
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- The Structure of CP and IP: The Cartography of Syntactic Structures Volume 2 (Oxford Studies in Comparative Syntax) by Luigi Rizzi on 6 pages
- Derivation and Explanation in the Minimalist Program (Generative Syntax) by Samuel Epstein on 6 pages
- Clause Structure and Adjuncts in Austronesian Languages (Studies in Generative Grammar) by et al. Hans-Marten Gärtner (Editor) on 6 pages
- The Syntax of Specifiers and Heads: Collected Essays of Hilda J. Koopman (Routledge Leading Linguists) by Hilda J. Koopman on 5 pages
- Subjects, Expletives, and the EPP (Oxford Studies in Comparative Syntax) by Peter Svenonius on 4 pages
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