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The Art and Science of Negotiation [Hardcover]

Howard Raiffa (Author)
4.1 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (8 customer reviews)


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Book Description

October 15, 1982 Belknap Press

Whether you are selling a house, closing a business deal, settling a divorce, arbitrating a labor dispute, or trying to hammer out no international treaty, Howard Raiffa's new book will measurably improve your negotiating skills.

Although it is a sophisticated self-help book--directed to the lawyer, labor arbitrator, business executive, college dean, diplomat--it is not cynical or Machiavellian: Raiffa emphasizes problems and situations where, with the kinds of skills he aims to develop, disputants can achieve results that are beneficial to all parties concerned. Indeed, he argues that the popular "zero-sum" way of thinking, according to which one side must lose if the other wins, often makes both sides worse off than they would be when bargaining for joint mutual gains.

Using a vast array of specific cases and clear, helpful diagrams, Raiffa not only elucidates the step-by-step processes of negotiation but also translates this deeper understanding into practical guidelines for negotiators and "intervenors." He examines the mechanics of negotiation in imaginative fashion, drawing on his extensive background in game theory and decision analysis, on his quarter-century of teaching nonspecialists in schools of business and public policy, on his personal experiences as director of an international institute dealing with East/West problems, and on the results of simulated negotiation exercises with hundreds of participants.

There are popular books on the art of winning and scholarly books on the science of negotiation, but this is the first book to bridge the two currents. Shrewd, accessible, and engagingly written, it shows how a little analysis sprinkled with a touch of art can work to the advantage of any negotiator.



Editorial Reviews

Review

The Art and Science of Negotiation is a quantum leap forward in the state of the art...[Raiffa] employs a classroom wizard's mastery over the hypothetical question to analyze in lively case studies and problems the essential characteristics of various forms of interactive competitive bargaining. (Eric D. Green American Bar Association Journal )

Raiffa deftly weaves together case-style vignettes of negotiating situations with a few analytical threads drawn from the theory of games, decision making under uncertainty, and fair division. Written with clarity and verve while avoiding technicalities, it strikes a nice balance between analysis and anecdote. (Journal of Policy Analysis and Management )

A vigorous, pragmatic treatise on resolving disputes in the realm of human affairs with all of the rigor [Raiffa] has always displayed...Tightly written, eminently readable, and containing many usable examples, it is bound to be a valuable resource book for years to come. (Gerald Hodge Journal of the American Planning Association )

The book provides a thought-provoking and useful introduction to the complexities of negotiation and mediation...[and] fills an important niche in the literature. I expect numerous opportunities to recommend it to those seeking advice. (Alvin E. Roth Journal of Economic Literature )

[A] fascinating book...Its expositional style is also refreshing, achieving a perfect balance between academic respectability and general readability...Theory and practice are carefully intertwined throughout the book; the theory ranges from simple search models to complicated n-person zero-sum games; the practice ranges from simple hypothetical examples to complicated real-world many-country negotiations, several of which are enriched by Raiffa's own personal involvement and experience. (John D. Hey Economica )

Review

I think that nearly anyone who has experience in negotiation and management will he surprised and pleased by the amount of insight which Raiffa's chapters will give him into the structure of problems with which he is familiar but which he understands less well than he thinks. (McGeorge Bundy )

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 384 pages
  • Publisher: Belknap Press; First Edition edition (October 15, 1982)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0674048121
  • ISBN-13: 978-0674048126
  • Product Dimensions: 9.4 x 6.2 x 1.4 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.6 pounds
  • Average Customer Review: 4.1 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (8 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,123,873 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Customer Reviews

8 Reviews
5 star:
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4 star:
 (1)
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2 star:
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Average Customer Review
4.1 out of 5 stars (8 customer reviews)
 
 
 
 
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Most Helpful Customer Reviews

37 of 38 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars A good college text on negotiation, May 8, 2003
By 
Leo P. Reilly (Saratoga, California United States) - See all my reviews
Howard Raiffa is a professor at Harvard Business School who has a background in game theory and competitive decision making skills. He is also affiliated with the Harvard Program on Negotiation [website]. I was first exposed to this text in a Harvard symposium on collaborative negotiation that I attended 10 years ago. Raiffa's book is a popular text for academics who are interested in negotiation skills.

In this book, Raiffa likes to distinguish between the "art" of negotiation and the "science" of negotiation. By "art of negotiation" Raiffa means dealing with the human element. By "science" Raiffa means those aspects of the negotiation process that are capable of being analyised in a fairly structured manner.

Raiffa devotes most of this book on the "science" of the subject and uses his background as a game theorist specializing in competitive decision making as the basis for a rather analytical approach to the subject. It helps, but is not necessary, if you have a background in mathematics. If you are not math literate, skip the math and focus on the conclusions and you will do fine. Like most game theorists, Raiffa is mainly interested in determining which outcomes to negotiation are optimal for both parties. Much of his analysis is based on the premise that both parties will act in an ultimately rational manner and make decisions that will be optimal for themselves. (Note to game theorists- most of Raiffa's analysis tends to focus on the various "equilibrium points" that parties have when they negotiate.)

Of course, reality is somewhat different. Real life does not lend itself easily to mathematical models. People usually act irrationally when they negotiate and it is difficult, if not impossible, to quantify human emotions with a formula.

Nevertheless, this book is useful for people who want an analytical approach--as opposed to strategic and tactical approach-- to the subject of negotiation. The subtitle of the text ("How to resolve conflicts and get the best out of bargaining") is a little misleading. There is not much "how to" covered in this text. Rather the emphasis is on theory and analysis.

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34 of 37 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars A must read for serious students or practitioners, September 25, 1999
By A Customer
Howard Raiffa is one of the few authors of negotiation related books who combines expertise in both theory and practice of negotiations. While a bit heavy-reading for the beginner, any serious student or practitioner in the art of negotiation will find this book both thought provoking and extremely useful. I highly recommend it (I give the book as a gift to many colleagues).
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23 of 24 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars The classic of negotiation theory, December 31, 1996
By A Customer
A must read for students of negotiation, including anyone
who is, or hopes to become, an executive. The basis of
many courses on negotiation and decision science. Raiffa
spent 30 years developing his views, and they are rock
solid. Treats the concepts of Pareto optimization and
allocation of joint gains. In one eye-opening passage, he
examines how an arbitrator might allocate $100 between a
rich man and a poor man. The range of alternatives is
mind boggling, and depressing, for it becomes clear that
here, alas,(as with atomic physics) there is no "truth."
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