Does the violent elimination of one man necessarily change the course of history? For example, did the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand cause World War I or did it merely speed up an inevitable explosion? Hudson, former political secretary of the British foreign service office, uses a survey of political assassinations over two millennia to examine this question. He is concerned here only with those assassinations in which the motives were strictly political, so some of the more interesting and perhaps mysterious murders are not included. Still, Hudson examines an eclectic mix of rogues, from the obvious (John Wilkes Booth and his fellow conspirators) to the relatively obscure (the four knights who murdered Thomas aBecket in Canterbury Cathedral). He concludes that assassinations cannot change the general direction of history, but they can speed up or retard historical tides and perhaps even stimulate movement where an unstable inertia prevails. Although some of his interpretations of facts are problematic, Hudson has provided a thoughtful and stimulating look at an old question.
Jay FreemanCopyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved
From Kirkus Reviews
Does the killing of kings and religious leaders do anyone any good? British historian Hudson (War and the Media, not reviewed) looks at 18 famous cases and finds that only one might have accomplished the killer's goals.Some might object when Hudson adds Jesus Christ onto a list that includes Julius Caesar, Malcolm X, Thomas à Becket, Marat, and Rasputin. Others might ask why Abraham Lincoln is the only US president among the murdered elected leaders (like Gandhi, Yitzhak Rabin, and South Africa's Hendrick Verwoerd) who, Hudson feels, might have changed their nations for the better had they died of natural causes. And why consider luckless victims like Archduke Franz Ferdinand (whose killing started WWI) and Lord Frederick Cavendish (knocked off by the IRA), who, like so many modern terrorist targets, were killed because they happened to be easy prey? It seems that in studying the phenomenology of assassination, Hudson is after bigger game. In his clear, accessibly argued monograph, he builds on the ideas of American sociologist Alfred Hirschman, who wrote off assassinations as a fool's errand that can bring on only one of three outcomes: a backlash that reverses what the killers may have hoped to accomplish (Christ, Caesar, Lincoln), unforeseen calamities that make things worse for everyone (Archduke Ferdinand, Czar Nicholas II, Michael Collins), or a failure to alter whatever social conditions inspired the killing (Rasputin, Marat, Rabin). Hudson finds only one exception: Stalin's killing of Leon Trotsky, which he believes reinforced Stalin's reputation as a ruthlessly powerful global dictator. Lurking behind Hudson's study is the big question of the extent to which individuals influence the fate of nations. His carefully qualified answer: not much. Though Hudson's choice of cases prefigures his conclusions, his evidence is incisive enough to challenge, if not disarm, the ill-informed hatemongering of those who advocate the killing of public leaders. (30 b&w illustrations, not seen) --
Copyright © 2000 Kirkus Associates, LP. All rights reserved.