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Barbarians at the Gate: The Fall of RJR Nabisco [Bargain Price] [Hardcover]

Bryan Burrough , John Helyar
4.6 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (131 customer reviews)


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Book Description

October 28, 2008

A book that stormed both the bestseller list and the public imagination, a book that created a genre of its own, and a book that gets at the heart of Wall Street and the '80s culture it helped define, Barbarians at the Gate has emerged twenty years after the tumultuous deal it so brilliantly recounts as a modern classic—a masterpiece of investigatory journalism and a rollicking book of corporate derring-do and financial swordsmanship.

The fight to control RJR Nabisco during October and November of 1988 was more than just the largest takeover in Wall Street history. Marked by brazen displays of ego not seen in American business for decades, it became the high point of a new gilded age and its repercussions are still being felt. The tale remains the ultimate story of greed and glory—a story and a cast of characters that determined the course of global business and redefined how deals would be done and fortunes made in the decades to come.

Barbarians at the Gate is the gripping account of these two frenzied months, of deal makers and publicity flaks, of an old-line industrial powerhouse (home of such familiar products a Oreos and Camels) that became the victim of the ruthless and rapacious style of finance in the 1980s. As reporters for The Wall Street Journal, Burrough and Helyar had extensive access to all the characters in this drama. They take the reader behind the scenes at strategy meetings and society dinners, into boardrooms and bedrooms, providing an unprecedentedly detailed look at how financial operations at the highest levels are conducted but also a richly textured social history of wealth at the twilight of the Reagan era.

At the center of the huge power struggle is RJR Nabisco's president, the high-living Ross Johnson. It's his secret plan to buy out the company that sets the frenzy in motion, attracting the country's leading takeover players: Henry Kravis, the legendary leveraged-buyout king whose entry into the fray sets off an acquisitive commotion; Peter Cohen, CEO of Shearson Lehman Hutton and Johnson's partner, who needs a victory to propel his company to an unchallenged leadership in the lucrative mergers and acquisitions field; the fiercely independent Ted Forstmann, motivated as much by honor as by his rage at the corruption he sees taking over the business he cherishes; Jim Maher and his ragtag team, struggling to regain credibility for the decimated ranks at First Boston; and an army of desperate bankers, lawyers, and accountants, all drawn inexorably to the greatest prize of their careers—and one of the greatest prizes in the history of American business.

Written with the bravado of a novel and researched with the diligence of a sweeping cultural history, Barbarians at the Gate is present at the front line of every battle of the campaign. Here is the unforgettable story of that takeover in all its brutality. In a new afterword specially commissioned for the story's 20th anniversary, Burrough and Helyar return to visit the heroes and villains of this epic story, tracing the fallout of the deal, charting the subsequent success and failure of those involved, and addressing the incredible impact this story—and the book itself—made on the world.


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Editorial Reviews

From Library Journal

The leveraged buyout of the RJR Nabisco Corporation for $25 billion is a landmark in American business history, a story of avarice on an epic scale. Two versions of the fierce competition for the largest buyout ever consummated are presented by skilled journalists with contrasting styles. Burrough and Helyar are clearly fascinated with the personalities of the players in the deal and with the trappings of corporate wealth. The restless, flamboyant personality of Ross Johnson, CEO of RJR Nabisco, is portrayed as the key to the events that were to unfold. The colorful description of all of the players and the events will likely have broad appeal. Lampert signals the complexity of her story by introducing her narrative with a three-page cast of characters. Her focus on the strategy of the players and on the fast-paced action provides a more concise description of a deal big enough to augment the wealth of many rich people. Business libraries will want both versions of this story of capitalism drawn to the extreme, but students, looking for a more comprehensive treatment, will favor Lampert's version.
- Joseph Barth, U.S. Military Acad. Lib., West Point, N.Y.
Copyright 1990 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

Review

"The fascinating inside story of the largest corporate takeover in American history. It reads like a novel." (Today Show )

"The most piercing and compelling narrative of a deal to date." (Boston Globe )

"Impressive qualities... delicious scenes... a cinematic yet extraordinarily careful book." (Ken Auletta, New York Daily News )

"It's hard to imagine a better story...and it's hard to imagine a better account" (Chicago Tribune )

"A superlative book...steadily builds suspense until the very end." (Los Angeles Times Book Review )

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 592 pages
  • Publisher: HarperBusiness (October 28, 2008)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0061655546
  • ASIN: B002MAQSJ8
  • Product Dimensions: 9.2 x 6.1 x 1.6 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 2 pounds
  • Average Customer Review: 4.6 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (131 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #438,530 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Customer Reviews

Great story, reads like one as well. Joseph Townsend  |  41 reviewers made a similar statement
Most Helpful Customer Reviews
68 of 71 people found the following review helpful
4.0 out of 5 stars Huns on the Run July 21, 2003
Format:Paperback|Amazon Verified Purchase
Burrough and Helyar are two former Wall Street Journal reporters who present a comprehensive telling of the battle for control of RJR Nabisco, ultimately won by KKR, led by Henry Kravis in 1988. The book was written in 1990 and provided the final chapter on the LBO excesses of the 1980's. By 1990, the stock market rally had made LBO's less attractive and some of the earlier deals were already starting to unravel and collapse under the weight of the debt payments, as predicted by long-time junk bond critic and rival RJR Nabisco bidder Ted Forstmann.

There are some criticisms of this book. The authors, despite their finanical backgrounds, seem to prefer story-telling to financial details. Hence, they have written a tale of personalities, with an especial interest in Ross Johnson and Henry Kravis, to the detriment of really explaining the financial and business details. The reader can learn intricate details about Johnson and the Wall Streeters preferences in cars, apartments, drinks, wives, schoos, etc. The authors seem to think we need a biographic account of all minor players, starting with their grade-school years, and the end result is 528 pages and still minimal financial explanation.

The other main criticism here, reading this now, is how dated the material has become. The authors would do well to provide some new material on how the deal has worked out. From other sources, I learned that KKR renegotiated the deal in the early 1990's (the resets were nearly toxic after all) and sold out their position entirely in 1995, more or less breaking even, depending on whose numbers you use.

The story of the final bids and the final final bids is truly riveting and meticulously researched here. The Johnson group ultimately presents a bid that is slightly higher than the KKR bid, but the board discounts the Johnson bid since it does not guarantee the bond pricing, and calls the whole thing a tie, much like the 2000 election. At that point, the Board accepts the KKR bid, for non-economic reasons, mostly bad publicity related to Johnson's greed. Ironically, Johnson had already given up much of his payout in order to boost the total value of the bid to the shareholders.

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58 of 64 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Giant Egos Clash at the Top April 25, 2000
Format:Paperback
I am a management consultant who works with companies that are interested in improving stock price, and I know many of the more humble people portrayed in BARBARIANS AT THE GATE.

I would like to put this book into perspective for you. 20 years ago our firm did a survey of CEOs and found that 99 percent felt that trying to improve stock price was unethical and immoral, and involved doing manipulative things.

After the takeover wars of the 1980s, most CEOs believed that improving stock price was an important task and could be done in an ethical way. There is nothing more disruptive to a company than to go through a hostile takeover, whether the bid succeeds or not. Raw greed and lust for power hold sway at such times, and many people will pay the price for having attracted the sharks into their swimming pool.

Prior to the RJR Nabisco purchase by KKR, many large companies felt safe because of their size. They were suffering from "stalled" thinking, because it was widely believed that a deal of this sort could not be financed with debt at the time the takeover occurred. That was wrong: For a price, the money is always there.

For those who have not been in these bruising ego battles, what you will not realize is that these contests are a lot like those you will remember from grade school on the playground when the teachers were not around. Bullying, threats, and naked power carry the day in a lot of situations. But because this is about ego, a lot of mistakes are made. RJR Nabisco continued to strain under mountains of debt for years, even after lots of refinancings because of the LBO.

KKR's track record looks a lot different now than it did before buying RJR Nabisco. A lot of the fever behind the LBO's is gone, for now. Bring back a bear market for a few years, and this whole phenomena will recur. Some smart lawyer will find a way around the defenses that so many rely on for now. The only ultimate defense against the circling sharks is to have a high-priced multiple stock. That is the only timeless lesson for companies.

If you are wondering how accurate this book is, it is more right than wrong. The authors did, however, miss some of the most intriguing ironies of the situation. Perhaps someday, someone with inside knowledge will write the sequel or unveil the whole, delicious irony. That should be a great story that will outsell GONE WITH THE WIND.

With the benefit of this context, I do recommend you read the book. You'll find it stranger than fiction in many ways, and very exciting to watch. The authors have captured the emotion of the moment very well. It's a whale of a story.

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36 of 41 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Big Money Insanity June 25, 2001
Format:Paperback
The dot-com stock market insanity of 1999, followed by the dot-bomb fall in 2000, is eerily mirrored in this book from a decade earlier about big money, big egos, and raging insanity.

Burroughs and Helyar tell the story of the leveraged buyout of RJR Nabisco in gripping fashion, showing how greed and shortsightedness contributed to the biggest and worst-managed corporate takeover in history. The players: Salesman F. Ross Johnson of RJR vs. Henry Kravitz of KKR. Everything from a wild, rip-roaring potboiler novel is here: Secret deals, stock market manipulation, flouting of laws, surprise plot twists. All of it almost unbelievable, but all of it true.

The next time you wonder about how people could have been taken in by internet companies with insane stock prices who blew through venture capital as if it were funny money, read this book. It's well worth your time, effort, and energy.

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Most Recent Customer Reviews
4.0 out of 5 stars A Fascinating True Story
Barbarians at the Gate is written almost like a documentary, so the pace is not a fast as a good novel, but it is full of interesting details about the world of corporate mergers... Read more
Published 3 days ago by Daniel Ellrick
5.0 out of 5 stars Single Best Business-story book ever written
Fascinating.
Enlightening.
a great snap shot of Wall Street in the late 80s.
Great composition of characters and an entertaining read!
Loved it!
Published 7 days ago by T....N
5.0 out of 5 stars Tremendous
I know next to nothing about the machinations of big business. This book was excellent in explaining all the maneuvering that went on with RJR Nabisco. Read more
Published 23 days ago by TruxtonSpangler
4.0 out of 5 stars Honk if You're Bucolic
Barbarians at the Gate covered the largest leveraged buyout of the 1980s, the private purchase of RJR Nabisco for $25 billion. Read more
Published 1 month ago by Scrapple8
5.0 out of 5 stars Classic nonfiction/ business book
One of the best nonfiction books I've ever read, and definitely the best 'business' nonfiction book. Although it's long, the pace is brisk.
Published 1 month ago by dudedude
5.0 out of 5 stars Thrilling
Even though the book starts off somewhat slow (due to the fact that they take some time to introduce all mayor players), the second part of the book is filled with excitement in... Read more
Published 2 months ago by antols
5.0 out of 5 stars I love the book
I work in that building now and it was interesting to read about the RJR takeover. The book was very informative.
Published 2 months ago by Nancy S. Richardson
5.0 out of 5 stars A great read!
A must read for students of M and A, LBOs, investment banking and negotiation. A great look inside Wall Street's boardrooms with plenty of high drama during the LBO negotiations... Read more
Published 3 months ago by L Andrew Eskew
5.0 out of 5 stars One of my favorite business books of all time
I work with small organizations who are considering big changes. Every so often, I run into a leader who gets all fired up about some idea that has little evidence to recommend it,... Read more
Published 3 months ago by GadgetChick
5.0 out of 5 stars The best business book ever written
If you have never read a business book before, this is a great place to start. While this is not my personal favorite business book (that would be Reminiscence of a Stock... Read more
Published 3 months ago by Timothy
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