Barley flour may be used to add fiber to baked goods. One-half cup of barley flour, a typical amount used in baking, contains 7 grams of total dietary fiber. In comparison, one half cup of white all-purpose enriched wheat flour contains just 2 grams of total dietary fiber. Barley flour contains gluten, the protein the helps baked goods rise. However, it's important to note that the type of gluten in barley flour does not promote adequate rising on its own. So it's best to use barley flour in combination with wheat flour for baking. Barley flour may also be used as a thickener for soups, stews and gravies.