The Bhopal Tragedy: What Really Happened and What It Means for American Workers and Communities at Risk [Paperback]

M. Arun Subramaniam (Author), Ward Morehouse (Author)

Book Description

Publication Date: April 1, 1986 | ISBN-10: 0936876476 | ISBN-13: 978-0936876474 | Edition: First Edition

A report for the Citizens Commission on Bhopal, this was the first book-length account of the Bhopal tragedy and its implications for American workers and communities exposed to similar risks. It addresses the key question of who was responsible for this catastrophic accident and probes the health and environmental, impact of the disaster which killed at least 5,000 people and injured more than 200,000. This book presents an entirely different view of true justice for the poor victims, with a detailed calculation of $4.1 billion (in l985 dollars) in compensation for economic losses alone. The authors gave what was then an up-to-date picture of the tangled web of litigation in U.S. and Indian courts, involving billions of dollars in claims.

Editorial Reviews

From Library Journal

The authors have written an angry book: angry at the conditions that caused the disaster at Union Carbide's Bhopal plant and angry at the attitudes that may lead to future Bhopals. But they also provide very constructive ideas for dealing with the Bhopal tragedy. A fascinating chapter details a possible approach for relieving the suffering of the victims and for quantifying the personal damages. Examining the question "Can it happen here?" they conclude that it does happen here, with thousands of workers a year dying as a result of some exposure to toxic chemicals. They include a sensible outline for preventing similar incidents, and they list 60 organizations concerned with Bhopal's aftermath. Highly recommended. Daniel La Ros sa, Connetquot P.L., Bohemia, N.Y.
Copyright 1986 Reed Business Information, Inc.

About the Author

Ward Morehouse is President of the Council on International and Public Affairs, cofounder of the Program on Corporations, Law and Democracy (POCLAD), and co-author of The Bhopal Tragedy and Abuse of Power. A human rights activist, he has been twice arrested for opposing the war against Iraq.

Product Details

• Reading level: Ages 18 and up
  
• Paperback: 190 pages
• Publisher: The Apex Press; First Edition edition (April 1, 1986)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0936876476
• ISBN-13: 978-0936876474
• Product Dimensions: 8.8 x 6 x 0.6 inches
• Shipping Weight: 12 ounces
• Average Customer Review: 5.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (2 customer reviews)
• Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,743,348 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Customer Reviews

Most Helpful Customer Reviews

8 of 9 people found the following review helpful:

5.0 out of 5 stars The Bhopal Tragedy : The Inside story, June 8, 2000

By 

Abraham Philip (Boston MA) - See all my reviews

This review is from: The Bhopal Tragedy: What Really Happened and What It Means for American Workers and Communities at Risk (Paperback)

Everyone remembers the Bhopal Gas Tragedy. Or at least most people do. Like all baby boomers remember about the JFK assassination or Neil Armstrong's landing on the moon. Exactly like the other two history altering events, news of the disaster hit the headlines all over the world. All those who read, saw or heard about it heaved a sigh of despair. In brief, for the benefit of those who are challenged on their recall abilities, the Bhopal gas tragedy involved the release of Methyl Isocyanate gas from a pesticide manufacturing plant in Bhopal, Central India. Forty tonnes of the poisonous cloud, that was released from the factory settled over the low-lying areas of the city. Within minutes innocent people, living in surrounding shanties and squatter camps, were transported into a lethal gas chamber facing a holocaust. It happened around midnight on December the 2nd, 1984. By sunrise of the 3rd over 2000 people lay dead or dying in homes and on the streets.

Morehouse and Subramanium's book on the Bhopal Gas Tragedy is a well-researched study about the Union Carbide and the Bhopal Gas Tragedy. The book starts with the history of Union Carbide, a company that came to colonial India in 1905. The company started the manufacture of "Eveready Flashlight Batteries" in 1926. "Eveready" and portable lighting became synonymous and was remembered with fondness in households across the cities, towns of villages of India. In 1969 the by now huge multinational corporation started a plant in Bhopal, to manufacture pesticides. By 1983, the company had 14 plants in India manufacturing chemicals, pesticides, batteries and other products. In December 1984, Union Carbide brought permanent darkness to the lives of thousands of residents in Bhopal, maimed and injured several hundred thousands more. The events of that fateful night left a swath of destruction and desolation that has only been rivaled by the nuclear explosions at Hiroshima.

What Morehouse and Subramanium have done is to take us backstage to the events that happened at the plant before the release of the gas, and the response of the various agencies after the disaster. The authors help us get a clearer understanding of what led to the disaster, the chaos and confusion that secondarily led to failure of the relief organizations. Later they explore the tangled web of litigation that followed. The authors critically evaluate the plant and point out the defects in the design of the plant, as well as the failures in the safety devices that led to exothermic chain reaction that caused the accumulation of the large quantities of the poisonous gas, and its final release into the atmosphere.

According to the authors, and this has been substantiated by several other publications, besides the failure of the plant management several other factors compounded the tragedy. Relief measures were botched, disaster sirens not blown, orderly evacuation not planned all leading to chaos and confusion. Later, lack of experience in dealing with mass disasters or knowledge on how to treat the suffering significantly influenced the mortality and morbidity. Political considerations paralyzed the Governments relief efforts while well meaning volunteer efforts were perceived as threats to Governmental stability. The post disaster record keeping and documentation was conducted so haphazardly as to prove worthless. Even today we remain with inadequate scientific evaluation of the disaster to develop preventive scenarios.

In later chapters, the authors describe the jurisdictional battles, the attempts by Union Carbide's Corporate lawyers to disown the subsidiary, transfer the case to India and several other legal maneuverings. The last three chapters answer two important questions (a) Can it happens here in the US? Yes, of course it can happen here, it has happened here at a subliminal level but a major tragedy could strike any chemicals factory in say Thailand or New Jersey, any day. The other question gives very creative information on what can we do to prevent future Bhopal's from happening. The book was written with Subramanium covering the first set of chapters about the situation in India and Morehouse writing the latter half. However, the book reads very seamlessly and has an absorbing narrative. It is eminently readable and extremely thought provoking.

The book is a classic study about the cause and effect of environmental disasters. It is also a clarion call for action by concerned activist groups for legislation on the "Right To Know Laws" about hazardous chemicals that are manufactured, stored or utilized in a community. Despite the numerous reassurances from the chemical manufacturers, occurrence of another Bhopal like tragedy cannot be ruled out with certainty. The authors suggest, preventing a future environmental disaster from happening can only be done by concerned public action, effective legislation and efficient enforcement of safety regulations. As they describe it, the calamity in Bhopal could have been used as an opportunity to revamp the existing imperfections in the hazardous chemicals industry.

Unfortunately the legal maneuvering in the Bhopal case precluded the judiciary from giving the chemical industry a sound warning. Those in the know of the turn of events know that the legal settlement failed in this important aspect, adding insult to injury heaped upon the citizens of Bhopal. Ultimately, the judicial failure in censuring the chemical industry absolved it of responsibility in vaporizing a city. Moreover as it did not serve a punitive warning to Multi-national corporations, it condoned the view that it was okay to place corporate greed above interests of the people and, company bottom line above human dignity. This book eloquently reveals that man really is at the mercy of mammon.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful:

5.0 out of 5 stars From a victim of methyl isocyanate poisoning at a school in USA, February 13, 2010

By 

Swan - See all my reviews

This review is from: The Bhopal Tragedy: What Really Happened and What It Means for American Workers and Communities at Risk (Paperback)

I only read the summary and the review for this book. I am ordering it because I was seriously and permanently injured by methyl isocyanate in 1985 when a contractor sprayed on a wet foam roof and sealant during the school day in Long Beach Mississippi. Methyl isocyanate (MIC)is the chemical that leaked from the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal just nine months earlier, resulting in the worst industrial disaster in world history.

Thousands of schoolchildren and personnel all over the USA continue to be injured by this chemical that is transported on our roadways and is stored in large quantities without security on school grounds and in communities.

I hope this book addresses the problem that Americans are not protected by any law or regulation that prevents the storage of deadly toxins in our communities, the transportation on our roadways, and storage and use on and in our schools.

Because of its relevance and importance and its unique message, I will list this book on the resource page of my website [...]. Read the story about my soon to be published book, Toxic Justice, that highlights the need to read The Bhopal Tragedy: What Really Happened and What It Means for American Workers and Communities at Risk And we are all at risk!