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Bram Stoker: A Biography of the Author of Dracula
 
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Bram Stoker: A Biography of the Author of Dracula [Hardcover]

Barbara Belford (Author)
3.5 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (2 customer reviews)


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Book Description

April 9, 1996
The first full-scale biography of the complex man known today as the author of Dracula, but who was famous in his own time as the innovative manager of London's Lyceum Theatre, home of the greatest English actors of the day, Henry Irving and Ellen Terry.

Barbara Belford tells the story of Stoker the hidden man. On the surface: the very model of Victorian modesty, reserve, and duty, the devoted husband and father. In actuality: a man whose emotional and working energies were in large part expended on the care and cultivation of the flamboyant, mesmerizing genius of the stage, Henry Irving.

We see Stoker the writer of novels and stories that were imbued with sexuality, violence, and the celebration of death -- works at opposite poles from the decorum he presented in society. And Barbara Belford shows us in Dracula a mirror of the undercurrents of Stoker's own life, as well as a masked exploration of subjects utterly forbidden in his time -- seduction, rape, necrophilia, incest, voyeurism -- universal taboos dramatized with such a myth-making edge that the novel remains resonant and unsettling almost one hundred years later.

We follow Stoker from his sickly childhood -entertained by his mother's twice-told tales of Irish hobgoblins and banshees -- to his years as a Dublin undergraduate and newspaperman, when he first wrote to his idol Wait Whitman, spilling out his innermost thoughts and beginning a lifelong correspondence that culminated in their meeting when Stoker traveled to America on tour with Irving and Ellen Terry. We see Stoker's childhood friendship with Oscar Wilde, and watch as the two young men compete for the hand of the beautiful Florence Balcombe, who became Stoker's wife. And we see Stoker in the literary and theatrical circles of Victorian London among such figures as Mark Twain, Arthur Conan Doyle, James Whistler, Lord Tennyson, and George Bernard Shaw.

Belford gives us a vivid picture of the man, his time, his London -- the domestic and theatrical worlds he lived in -- and the dark imaginary realms that were the wellspring of all his writings, especially of his enduring and enduringly fascinating Dracula.

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Editorial Reviews

Amazon.com Review

"I am here to do Your bidding, Master. I am Your slave, and You will reward me, for I shall be faithful." These words spoken by Renfield to Dracula might have been said by Bram Stoker to his boss, the mesmerizing, domineering actor Henry Irving. Stoker was such a mild-mannered, secretive man that the real subject of this acclaimed biography turns out to be the genesis of his novel Dracula, and Irving--the man who, according to Barbara Belford, inspired its famous monster. Other fascinating characters who appear in Stoker's life are Florence Stoker (courted by Oscar Wilde before Bram married her), Ellen Terry (Irving's leading lady), Walt Whitman, the aging Lord Tennyson, W. S. Gilbert, William Gladstone, Lady Speranza Wilde, her son Oscar, Queen Victoria (who knights Irving, the first actor so honored), George Bernard Shaw, and Mark Twain. As Margot Peters writes in the New York Times Book Review, "Stoker himself is pretty much swamped in these heavy seas. But as Ms. Belford's intelligent, well-written and always interesting book makes clear, Stoker lived to serve. His revenge for lifelong self-effacement was Dracula."

From Publishers Weekly

Bram Stoker's son claimed that the plot of Dracula (1897) came to his father "in a nightmarish dream after eating too much dressed crab." Despite some melodramatic prose, that comment is as exciting as this biography of Stoker (1847-1912) gets. How a boring Victorian Dubliner could have produced the creepiest horror novel of his time remains one of the mysteries of fictional creativity. Belford, biographer of Violet Hunt, has struggled with the problem and sees in Stoker's mesmerizing employer, actor-impresario Henry Irving, the sinister reflection of Vlad the Impaler, but the part-time author, who was the business manager of the Lyceum Theatre, remains bloodless. A tempestuous inner life, fired by sexual frustration (although Stoker was married to an Irish beauty) and omnivorous reading in lurid subliterature, is as close to a solution as we get here. Since Stoker's routine, whether Irving's company traveled or stayed put, was prosaic, Belford often segues to his London acquaintances or his restaurant menus, and sights foreshadowings of Dracula far and near. For those who have been frozen in their armchairs by the spell of Stoker's unforgettable vampire, or who are riveted by its hardly hidden sexual pathology, Stoker's life will be an anticlimax. Illustrations.
Copyright 1996 Reed Business Information, Inc.

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 381 pages
  • Publisher: Knopf; 1st edition (April 9, 1996)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0679418326
  • ISBN-13: 978-0679418320
  • Product Dimensions: 9.3 x 6.4 x 1.5 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.8 pounds
  • Average Customer Review: 3.5 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (2 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #623,715 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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8 of 8 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars Insight into Bram Stoker & His Life at the Lyceum., May 17, 2005
This review is from: Bram Stoker: A Biography of the Author of Dracula (Hardcover)
Barbara Belford's "Bram Stoker: A Biography of the Author of Dracula" is considered to be the most scholarly and thorough of the 3 Bram Stoker biographies that have been published. But Mr. Stoker was a reticent person about whose personal life, opinions, and character there is precious little known. Whether out of humility or caution, he usually took care not to reveal himself. So what we know of Stoker comes primarily from his public life, which was thankfully shared with several grander, more loquacious personalities. Perhaps due to the scarcity of information about her subject, Barbara Belford gives Stoker's friends, colleagues, and the London theater community a lot of attention, especially Henry Irving, the great actor whose fame was dwarfed only by his ego, and whom Bram Stoker dedicated 27 years of his life to serving. Indeed, this biography of Stoker would serve well as a history of Irving's famous Lyceum Theatre for the decades that Stoker served as its acting manager.

The book starts by describing Stoker's childhood in Dublin, the third child born to a middle class Anglo-Irish family in 1847 during the potato famine, and his apparent debilitation until the age of 7. He grew up to be a civil servant like his father, and pursued personal interests as an unpaid drama critic for the "Evening Mail", through which Stoker met Henry Irving. After marrying the lovely Florence Balcombe, whom Oscar Wilde also courted, the Stokers moved to London where Bram's efficient management would help make the 1500-seat Lyceum Theatre fashionable and profitable. Since the Lyceum dominated Stoker's life, it dominates his biography, but Belford also discusses his trips to America on tour with the Lyceum company, his effusive admiration for Walt Whitman and Abraham Lincoln, and his novels and stories.

The upshot of "Bram Stoker: A Biography of the Man Who Wrote Dracula" is that Bram Stoker was a modest, hardworking man, exceedingly courteous even by Victorian standards, whose tireless work for Henry Irving was acknowledged by many but unappreciated and unrewarded by Irving himself. Stoker's genial but reserved manner harbored passionate, worshipful emotions toward his heroes, invariably men of power with larger-than-life personalities. Belford draws an occasional parallel between persons in Bram Stoker's own life and characters in "Dracula". Most notably, she sees a "sinister caricature" of Henry Irving in the vampire Count. Actress Ellen Terry seems to be reflected in Mina, and Stoker's wife Florence may have lent some of her character to Lucy. None of this is a stretch as long as one recognizes that "Dracula"'s characters don't have a single source, but many.

This biography includes a lot of good information for fans of Bram Stoker's work, but a couple of stylistic problems nagged at me. One is Belford's confusing tendency to refer to people by first or last name only, at the beginning of a chapter, instead of starting off with a full name. Another is the repeated use of the phrase "Unholy Trinity" to describe the business partnership between Henry Irving, Bram Stoker, and stage manager H.J. Loveday, which I found melodramatic. But Belford's book succeeds in creating a picture of Bram Stoker's personality without reading too much into his actions or words.
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2 of 3 people found the following review helpful:
3.0 out of 5 stars Her Story of Bram Stoker, August 24, 2009
By 
This review is from: Bram Stoker: A Biography of the Author of Dracula (Hardcover)
Barbara Belford is a professor at Columbia University's Graduate School of Journalism and wrote a biography of Violet Hunt. `Count Dracula' is the most filmed character in history after `Sherlock Holmes', but most people never read the novel. Stoker's `Dracula' is the best known of his novels. It has been translated into virtually all European languages except Rumanian. The `Prologue' begins by referencing passages from `Dracula'. [I never read this novel or knew what was there.] This book seems to require a background in literature that a casual reader may not have. Belford mentions Stoker's childhood illness and compares it to Stoker's future novel. Cholera and other plagues were recurrent events in the 19th century. Since little was known about Stoker's early life Belford has to fill in the blanks. His siblings weren't affected like Bram. Does the deaths of over a million from starvation (p.17) far exceed the victims of Dracula? There was no such mortality in Europe. The Stoker family is of Dutch origin (p.30). Many were civil service bureaucrats. Cholera patients were sometimes buried alive (p.22). The narrative keeps being interrupted by literary references; I don't like this style (p.24). This book is valuable as a look into 19th century life, the theatrical business, and the career of Bram Stoker. Another problem is the photographs: they are spread throughout the book, the "Illustration Credits" do not list the pages. Belford's story of the stage play did not mention that Bela Lugosi played Count Dracula on the stage but was not reportedly the first choice for the film (p.33).

Abraham Stoker was born in 1847 Ireland. His father was a civil servant to the British Government, his mother was later an advocate of schooling for the handicapped. Bram went to Trinity College in Dublin, was a great athlete, and became interested in dramatics. He was a fan of Walt Whitman's poetry (p.43). After graduating he met Henry Irving the famous actor and became his business manager and friend. Irish legends tell of the Dearg-due (p.64). Stoker wrote short stories (p.66). Stoker married Florence Balcombe in 1878. He picked a new play that became a success (p.117). Stoker was a friend and advisor to Prime Minister Gladstone (p.131). Stoker risked his life to save a stranger from drowning and received a medal (p.137). Irving (and Stoker) toured America in the 1880s and later. Belford says the characters in `Dracula' were based on people known to Stoker (p.184). Stoker became a barrister in 1890 but never practiced law or tried a case (p.193). In the late 19th century some turned away from Christianity to embrace pagan superstitions (p.211). Why did Stoker pick the historic Dracula for his novel (p.260)? Stoker spent 6 years on writing this novel. Page 279 says "horse-drawn hansom" but the hansom cab was a two-wheeler. "The Thirty-Nine Steps" was a John Buchan novel (p.294). Stoker wanted to ban lewd fiction (p.312). Stoker died in 1912 of "locomotor ataxy, granular contracted kidney, exhaustion" (p.319). Some suggested a disease.

Why was Dracula so popular in the past? It shows a threat to humanity that can be overcome when people learn what must be done. Did Dracula represent a foreign ruler (Kaiser Bill or Hitler), or the economic panics or depressions? Was it a morality play where the good guys win at the end? The 1931 film seems to be a simplified and condensed version of the novel, like the bowdlerized Fairy Tales of the 20th century. It proved very popular. There were many vampire stories in the 19th century, now mostly forgotten.
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