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Barbara Kingsolver was born on April 8, 1955. She grew up "in the middle of an alfalfa field," in the part of eastern Kentucky that lies between the opulent horse farms and the impoverished coal fields. While her family has deep roots in the region, she never imagined staying there herself. "The options were limited--grow up to be a farmer or a farmer's wife."
Kingsolver has always been a storyteller: "I used to beg my mother to let me tell her a bedtime story." As a child, she wrote stories and essays and, beginning at the age of eight, kept a journal religiously. Still, it never occurred to Kingsolver that she could become a professional writer. Growing up in a rural place, where work centered mainly on survival, writing didn't seem to be a practical career choice. Besides, the writers she read, she once explained, "were mostly old, dead men. It was inconceivable that I might grow up to be one of those myself . . . "
Kingsolver left Kentucky to attend DePauw University in Indiana, where she majored in biology. She also took one creative writing course, and became active in the last anti-Vietnam War protests. After graduating in 1977, Kingsolver lived and worked in widely scattered places. In the early eighties, she pursued graduate studies in biology and ecology at the University of Arizona in Tucson, where she received a Masters of Science degree. She also enrolled in a writing class taught by author Francine Prose, whose work Kingsolver admires.
Kingsolver's fiction is rich with the language and imagery of her native Kentucky. But when she first left home, she says, "I lost my accent . . . [P]eople made terrible fun of me for the way I used to talk, so I gave it up slowly and became something else." During her years in school and two years spent living in Greece and France she supported herself in a variety of jobs: as an archaeologist, copy editor, X-ray technician, housecleaner, biological researcher and translator of medical documents. After graduate school, a position as a science writer for the University of Arizona soon led her into feature writing for journals and newspapers. Her numerous articles have appeared in a variety of publications, including The Nation, The New York Times, and Smithsonian, and many of them are included in the collection, High Tide in Tucson: Essays from Now or Never. In 1986 she won an Arizona Press Club award for outstanding feature writing, and in 1995, after the publication of High Tide in Tucson, Kingsolver was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Letters from her alma mater, De Pauw University.
Kingsolver credits her careers in scientific writing and journalism with instilling in her a writer's discipline and broadening her "fictional possiblities." Describing herself as a shy person who would generally prefer to stay at home with her computer, she explains that "journalism forces me to meet and talk with people I would never run across otherwise."
From 1985 through 1987, Kingsolver was a freelance journalist by day, but she was writing fiction by night. Married to a chemist in 1985, she suffered from insomnia after becoming pregnant the following year. Instead of following her doctor's recommendation to scrub the bathroom tiles with a toothbrush, Kingsolver sat in a closet and began to write The Bean Trees, a novel about a young woman who leaves rural Kentucky (accent intact) and finds herself living in urban Tucson.
The Bean Trees, published by HarperCollins in 1988, and reissued in a special ten-year anniversary hardcover edition in 1998, was enthusiastically received by critics. But, perhaps more important to Kingsolver, the novel was read with delight and, even, passion by ordinary readers. "A novel can educate to some extent," she told Publishers Weekly. "But first, a novel has to entertain--that's the contract with the reader: you give me ten hours and I'll give you a reason to turn every page. I have a commitment to accessiblity. I believe in plot. I want an English professor to understand the symbolism while at the same time I want the people I grew up with--who may not often read anything but the Sears catalogue--to read my books."
For Kingsolver, writing is a form of political activism. When she was in her twenties she discovered Doris Lessing. "I read the Children of Violence novels and began to understand how a person could write about the problems of the world in a compelling and beautiful way. And it seemed to me that was the most important thing I could ever do, if I could ever do that."
The Bean Trees was followed by the collection, Homeland and Other Stories (1989), the novels Animal Dreams (1990), and Pigs in Heaven (1993), and the bestselling High Tide in Tucson: Essays from Now and Never (1995). Kingsolver has also published a collection of poetry, Another America: Otra America (Seal Press, 1992, 1998), and a nonfiction book, Holding the Line: Women in the Great Arizona Mine Strike of l983 (ILR Press/Cornell University Press, 1989, 1996). Her most recent work is The Poisonwood Bible, a story of the wife and four daughters of a fierce, evangelical Baptist who takes his family and mission to the Belgian Congo in 1959. A tale of one family's tragic undoing and remarkable reconstruction, over the course of three decades in post-colonial Africa, The Poisonwood Bible is set against one of history's most dramatic political parables. It is a compelling exploration of religion, conscience, imperialist arrogance and the many paths to redemption and Barbara Kingsolver's most ambitious work ever.
Barbara Kingsolver presently lives outside of Tucson with her husband Steven Hopp, and her two daughters, Camille from a previous marriage, and Lily, who was born in 1996. When not writing or spending time with her family, Barbara gardens, cooks, hikes, and works as an environmental activist and human-rights advocate.
Given that Barbara Kingsolver's work covers the psychic and geographical territories that she knows firsthand, readers often assume that her work is autobiographical. "There are little things that people who know me might recognize in my novels," she acknowledges. "But my work is not about me. I don't ever write about real people. That would be stealing, first of all. And second of all, art is supposed to be better than that. If you want a slice of life, look out the window. An artist has to look out that window, isolate one or two suggestive things, and embroider them together with poetry and fabrication, to create a revelation. If we can't, as artists, improve on real life, we should put down our pencils and go bake bread."
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Most Helpful Customer Reviews
21 of 21 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars
At Home in the Heartland,
By A Customer
This review is from: The Complete Fiction: The Bean Trees, Homeland, Animal Dreams, Pigs in Heaven (Paperback)
After reading the novels of Barbara Kingsolver, it's easy to see why places like Heaven, Oklahoma and Grace, Arizona are often referred to as the heartland of America. With a talent for effortless prose and quirky, yet real, characters, Kingsolver can bring a smile to your face or tears to your eyes. Her debut novel, The Bean Trees, begins with Taylor Greer's westward quest from Kentucky to Arizona, along which she manages to adopt an American Indian girl named Turtle. Early on, Taylor is forced to rely upon her vast supply of resources to ensure the happiness and survival of both herself and Turtle, who has suffered abuse. It is easy to both relate and to cheer Taylor on in her endeavors, as a character who is willing to take on an enormous commitment and to provide a happy home for herself and Turtle.
16 of 17 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars
Gone to Heaven,
By
This review is from: The Complete Fiction: The Bean Trees, Homeland, Animal Dreams, Pigs in Heaven (Paperback)
A recipient of a gift of this collection of Barbara Kingsolver's fiction will think she died & went to Heaven. Not heaven -- up there -- but Heaven, Oklahoma, one of the several memorable towns & villages that inhabit Ms. Kingsolver's imagination. When I first began reading her, a decade ago, I thought she was a little too "easy" -- her characters and plots just a little too "nice". But in ten years after plowing through a hundred trees' worth of other writers' fiction, I always come back to Kingsolver with a sigh of relief and my thumb in my mouth. And each time I do, I notice new nuances and fresh phrases that I had not noticed before. "Bean Trees" is the logical first book to read in this collection, the story of Taylor, from Kentucky, who is handed a Cherokee baby in the middle of the night by a stranger. Turtle, who was sexually abused, is mute and emotionless, except for clinging to her new mother day and night. There is a subplot of Guatemalan refugees, the sanctuary movement, and the making-ends-meet of single mothers in poverty. And yet this book is very charming, despite the grim topics, and fun to read. A story or two from "Homeland" would work nicely now. These are short stories of contemporary people with contemporary problems and conflicts. For example, in "Stone Dreams", Diana says: "Sometimes I get this way, letting my mind run in frantic fast-forward like a videotape gone wild. In a year, I say to myself, I will be forty. In a decade, fifty. Peter may be the last man ever attracted to me purely on the basis of sex." Some of these stories are poignant, some are not but they're quite wonderful to read. The third book of this four-book set is "Animal Dreams", my personal favorite. Codi Noline returns to her hometown (Grace, Arizona), where she has always been an outcast, only to find that she is an integral thread in the fabric of the town. She loses her sister and finds her father, and inso! doing, finds herself. "Pigs In Heaven" is a continuation of the lives of Taylor & Turtle, but unlike "Bean Trees", which is written first-person, "Pigs" is written in the third person, which is an interesting change of a point of view. "Pigs" deals with the topic of Native adoption by a non-Native, and there is a -- OK, OK, a "cute" sub-plot involving Taylor's mother finding True Love. Well, romance among the middle aged is just fine with me. Perhaps these books should not be read one-after-the-other, but better digested one at a time, with a long walk in the desert in between. Barbara Kingsolver is neither a perfect writer, nor is she mean, and that's why I love her writing so.
9 of 9 people found the following review helpful:
3.0 out of 5 stars
It was interesting but the storyline seemed unrealistic.,
By A Customer
This review is from: The Complete Fiction: The Bean Trees, Homeland, Animal Dreams, Pigs in Heaven (Paperback)
Book ReviewPigs in Heaven, by Barbara Kingsolver is a book that will keep its readers attention throughout the story. Each character in the book possesses very unique and unusual characteristics. This allows for an interesting story that keeps you reading. Kingsolver used her writing talents to create characters that have a great influence over its readers. When reading this book I felt that I could relate with the thoughts and actions of certain characters. Thus, this book improves the way its readers think of themselves and of the people around them. I also enjoyed reading Pigs in Heaven because it allows the reader to gain an understanding and appreciation of the Cherokee Nation in Heaven, Oklahoma. Kingsolver explicitly describes the history and culture of the Cherokee tribe in great detail. The reader is introduced to certain members of the tribe and traditional events such as hog fries and stomp dances. Thus, he/she has a sense of feeling "included' within the Cherokee tribe and their customs. Pigs in Heaven deals with the theme of interconnectedness and how one event can create a chain of different events. Each one of these events can significantly effect the lives of many individuals. However I feel that this theme is over exaggerated to the point where the story line actually seems unrealistic. Aside from this, the book is very interesting and I would strongly recommend that it be read. For as you read further into the book you'll notice that Kingsolver attempts to convey important messages while resolving the books conflicts. An example of this is that in order to live a life of happiness you must put the negative aspects of your past behind you. Overall, Pigs in Heaven consists of important lessons to be learned, and it contains valuable components that are forever placed in the minds of its readers.
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