Cultural Selection: Why Some Acheivements Survive The Test Of Time And Others Don't [Hardcover]

Gary Taylor (Author)

Book Description

Publication Date: April 4, 1996

Acclaimed literary scholar Gary Taylor creates a new paradigm for understanding cultural history. He argues that culture is not what was done, but what is remembered and that the social competition among different memories is as dynamic as the biological struggle for survival. Taylor builds his argument on a broad base of cultural achievements, from Michelangelo to Frankenstein, from Shakespeare to Casablanca, from Freud to Invisible Man. He spans the continents to draw upon Japanese literature, Native American history, ancient Greek philosophy, and modern American architecture.

Editorial Reviews

Amazon.com Review

Taylor, a Shakespeare scholar at the University of Alabama, believes that "culture is not what was done but what is passed on ... it is always motivated, always mediated." The passing on is done by "editors": publishers, reviewers, teachers, and curators. In Cultural Selection, Taylor examines the function of the editor, whose role, he says, is not unlike that of the politician in a democracy, which is to "represent other people."

From Publishers Weekly

In this intriguing and complex scholarly investigation, Taylor (Reinventing Shakespeare), professor of English at the University of Alabama, argues that death is the foundation of culture because works of music, art, theater and literature considered to be enduring were created by those no longer living. Drawing on a variety of examples, he points out that cultural memory speaks for the dead and notes that what is remembered is selective and unpredictable. Among other variables, power struggles between groups, social hierarchies and the particular representation or interpretation of a cultural object or idea dictate what is passed down to future generations. Our cultural memory, according to Taylor, cannot be divorced from morality. For example, unless former president Richard Nixon is remembered for his attempt to interfere with the public's right to know, his attack on the U.S. Constitution would continue to threaten American democracy. Illustrations.
Copyright 1996 Reed Business Information, Inc.

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Product Details

• Hardcover: 336 pages
• Publisher: Basic Books (April 4, 1996)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0465044883
• ISBN-13: 978-0465044887
• Product Dimensions: 9.4 x 6.4 x 1.3 inches
• Shipping Weight: 1.4 pounds
• Average Customer Review: 4.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (3 customer reviews)
• Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #331,450 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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6 of 7 people found the following review helpful:

5.0 out of 5 stars A superb sleeper on the subject of cultural evolution., December 17, 1999

By 

Jake Sapiens - See all my reviews

This review is from: Cultural Selection: Why Some Acheivements Survive The Test Of Time And Others Don't (Hardcover)

Gary Taylor brings a vibrant cultural sensibility to the field of cultural evolution. Lately the speculative field of memetics born from seeds planted by biologist Richard Dawkins has "rocked the charts" in efforts to bridge the chasm between biology and culture. I think Gary Taylor brings a balancing culturally well grounded sense to this picture. The history of memory, rather than memes, provides the string which ties this work together. He starts off with Stonehenge and progresses through an exciting array of cultural artifacts, literary, political, artistic etc., which spans both western and eastern culture with a depth of understanding of an accomplished cultural scholar. By the time I finished, I felt as though I had wandered through a spellbinding museum.

His understanding of the nuances of evolution as revealed in the biological sciences proves considerable. His intuitions about analogizing those concepts to cultural artifacts show considerable refinement and understanding. Students of the hard sciences will appreciate the respect that he has for those fields. Thankfully his work emerges free and clear of the pretensions and condescensions which cultural scholars more closely identified with postmodernism have often notoriously displayed in dealing with scientific matters. His presentation also proves very accessible. Anybody with a basic understanding of evolution and layman's enjoyment of fine culture should have no problem understanding and enjoying this book.

For those already familiar with the memetics frame of reference, his elucidation of the role of the editor, the "invisible man" meshes very well with ideas of ideal replication outlined by Susan Blackmore in "The Meme Machine." Here we understand that the truest replication of memories remains far more elusive than simply hitting the button on a photocopier. We must replicate the message (or as Blackmore would say the instructions) rather than just the product, and doing so requires that we consider how much of the message relies on its initial context and how to recreate those same messages in an entirely different context. The truest replications of the message (more than just words, images, or sensations) requires far more work than the recipient will ever appreciate if the editor does the job right. Ironically the editors that we most notice, we usually notice because they lacked in the job of providing that transparency for the replication of the message. Other insights abound in analysis of the various elements of representation, the role of niches and niche behaviors.

This book so far has not received the popular attention which its quality seems to deserve. I think this more reflects the shallowness of our hype driven culture. Discover this book. It is a treat to the intelligent and inquisitive mind that appreciates a depth of understanding.

Very thorough index to works cited at the end.

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful:

4.0 out of 5 stars Approaching Cultural Evolution from the Cultural Side, December 29, 1998

By A Customer

This review is from: Cultural Selection: Why Some Acheivements Survive The Test Of Time And Others Don't (Hardcover)

I found Gary Taylor's grasp of evolutionary thinking to be firm and clear. Students of cultural studies can benefit from his insights on evolutionary patterns and how they can be applied to cultural phenomena. His analysis of representation, its purposes, its nature, and its limitations and its dependence on the role of editors is illuminating. This would be a benefit students of evolution as they forge into the fields of cultural studies looking for orientation in this new environment.

The depth of his familiarity with both western and eastern cultures would be very helpful to people with more hard science training who are still catching up with their humanities education. In this respect his style is approachable and lacks a lot of the pointless elite pretentiousness that I have encountered in other cultural scholars.

Oddly enough, I found no references in his book to some very timely ideas about cultural evolution proposed by both Richard Dawkins and Daniel Dennet. Perhaps he is unaware of these recent developments amongst theoretical evolutionists on the other side of the cultural evolution equation. Or perhaps he knows his niche too well, and is aware of the brutal treatment such ideas would recieve at the hands of more elitest cultural scholars. I found Mr. Taylor's work to be well in step with these unspoken ideas.

If you like his book, you may enjoy looking into this other field. It would go far toward finishing the theoretical framework which Mr. Taylor has begun. If you are already immersed in evolutionary thinking, Mr. Taylor's work is a very approachable invitation by a knowlegeable inhabitant of the cultural world.

2 of 9 people found the following review helpful:

3.0 out of 5 stars A lively, if typical, speciman of a contemptible genre, October 17, 1998

By A Customer

This review is from: Cultural Selection: Why Some Achievements Survive The Test Of Time And Others Don't (Paperback)

Cultural Selection extends eloquently, the unfortunate hegemony of cultural studies within the literary academy. Though analyses such as those concerning Nixon and the Vietnam Memorial are entertaining, they fail in a way that calls this mode of criticism seriously into question. The theorizing is tertiary, never attaining to explanatory adequacy. Instead, the reader is subjected to what is at times an enormously tedious concatenation of truisms. This is not, though, specific to Taylor's work (as it is among the best of its kind); but rather is endemic to the whole of cultural studies as a "discipline" blithely unaware (willfully?) of its own epistmological assumptions. The presentation of various evolutionary theories is a cheap rhetorical maneuver effected in an attempt to hide a lack of theoretical rigor behind a burlesque of scientific efficacy. If Taylor had really wanted to supply us with a coherent, explanatorily adeqate matrix through which to analyze the literary artifact, he might have considered one more appropriate to its data (for example, recent innovations in generative grammar, along with its literary applications in the work of John Steven Childs). Unfortunately, the fact that the book far surpasses much of what has been done in a similar critical vein underscores Chomsky's assertion of the utter intellectual ineptness of such theorizing ("I am waiting for Mr. Foucault to explain to me how exactly it is that my work is determined by historical and cultural constraints" (Chomsky 14)). In the end, the whole of cultural studies along with its dogmatic and unjustifiable assertions of socio-cultural causation must be categorized as so much academic frosting: a nice diversionary treat ultimately lacking in epistemological substance. Some light reading, perhaps, after one has done the real work of addressing the work of scholars such as Quine, Putnam, Chomsky, or Carnap. One can only hope that the formal elegance of their work (particulary Quine's work in semantics and Chomsky's promising Minimalist revision of x bar) will displace the current intellectual sloppiness of cultural studies.