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Direct Action: Radical Pacifism from the Union Eight to the Chicago Seven
 
 
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Direct Action: Radical Pacifism from the Union Eight to the Chicago Seven [Paperback]

James Tracy (Author)
5.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (3 customer reviews)

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Book Description

0226811301 978-0226811307 September 15, 1996 1
Direct Action tells the story of how a small group of "radical pacifists"—nonviolent activists such as David Dellinger, Staughton Lynd, A.J. Muste, and Bayard Rustin—played a major role in the rebirth of American radicalism and social protest in the 1950s and 1960s. Coming together in the camps and prisons where conscientious objectors were placed during World War II, radical pacifists developed an experimental protest style that emphasized media-savvy, symbolic confrontation with institutions deemed oppressive. Due to their tactical commitment to nonviolent direct action, they became the principal interpreters of Gandhism on the American Left, and indelibly stamped postwar America with their methods and ethos. Genealogies of the Civil Rights, antiwar, and antinuclear movements in this period are incomplete without understanding the history of radical pacifism.

Taking us through the Vietnam war protests, this detailed treatment of radical pacifism reveals the strengths and limitations of American individualism in the modern era.

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Editorial Reviews

Amazon.com Review

In his first book, James Tracy explores the evolution and history of radical pacifism, the nonviolent protest method that peaked in the United States during the 1960s. Tracy tells the little-known story of the Union Eight, a group of students at the Union Theological Seminary who refused to enter the draft for World War II in 1940. Their position represented a turning point for the Left, a move from communism and socialism toward civil disobedience based in religious faith and individual action; Tracy follows the influence of this transition through the 1940s, '50s, and '60s. His is a subject of history seldom mentioned or even understood, yet one that is vital to the history of the civil rights and anti-war movements of the 1960s.

Review

... too brief to present a full analysis of radical pacifism's history and influence. Still, it is perceptive about a small slice of our recent past, and it reminds us that even America's dissenting traditions tend to be grounded in the nation's pervasive individualistic culture. -- The New York Times Book Review, Nick Salvatore

Product Details

  • Paperback: 212 pages
  • Publisher: University Of Chicago Press; 1 edition (September 15, 1996)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0226811301
  • ISBN-13: 978-0226811307
  • Product Dimensions: 8.4 x 5.5 x 0.6 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 11.5 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 5.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (3 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,184,552 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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4 of 4 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Essential '60s Text, May 28, 1999
By A Customer
This extensively researched book shows the birth of a new breed of passive resistance in this country, in front of the backdrop of the 1960s and earlier. An essential text for anyone interested in the 1960s. (Also a great research paper resource . . .)
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1 of 1 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars If you think you know history, read it, September 3, 2010
This review is from: Direct Action: Radical Pacifism from the Union Eight to the Chicago Seven (Paperback)
Before I read this book I associated the philosophy and protest techniques of pacifism with the 1950s civil rights movement and anti-war protests of the 1960s. Among the very useful things this book does is to move that clock back about ten or fifteen years. When was the first organized sit-in to desegregate a restaurant? 1943, in Chicago. When did whites and blacks ride together to integrate interstate busing? 1947, with the Journey of Reconciliation. Mass draft card burning? 1947, New York City. Radical activists giving up on imminent political revolution and moving to rural communes? That would be 1952.

The book traces the activities of a small but influential group of men and women, many of whom began their radical journey as a conscientious objector to military service in WW2. This is the "greatest generation" that doesn't get talked about: those who wanted to save America from its own militarism, who objected to the draft, who were horrified by the use of atomic weapons, who perceived injustice and put their bodies on the line to stop it.

It's a short book, so in-depth histories of individuals, or acts of protest, or organizations are not the point of the book. Rather the author traces the influence of these radical pacifists from the 1940s into the upheavals of the 50s and 60s. He makes the very interesting argument that the lonely righteousness of these WW2 objectors would, twenty years later, make it difficult for the protest organizations they influenced to forge a mass movement.
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0 of 1 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars review, October 2, 2008
This review is from: Direct Action: Radical Pacifism from the Union Eight to the Chicago Seven (Paperback)
The book is brand new...well...not anymore:) but it was in perfect condition when i got it
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Inside This Book (learn more)
First Sentence:
The photograph picked up by newspapers across the country in 1940 showed eight young men sitting on opposing benches in a police wagon about to convey them to federal prison. Read the first page
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
radical pacifist circles, other radical pacifists, radical pacifist movement, radical pacifist groups, pacifist program, nonviolent obstruction, radical pacifism, prison strikes, race material, new radicalism, nonviolent revolution, pacifist organizations
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
United States, World War, New York, Bayard Rustin, Cold War, Golden Rule, Peace Churches, Union Eight, Jim Peck, Dave Dellinger, George Houser, Bill Sutherland, Old Left, San Francisco, Selective Service, Catholic Worker, Glen Gardner, American Left, Brad Lyttle, Fellowship of Reconciliation, War Resisters League, Cheyenne Project, Social Gospel, Soviet Union, Staughton Lynd
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