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Dreaming: An Introduction to the Science of Sleep [Hardcover]

J. Allan Hobson (Author)
4.6 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (5 customer reviews)


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Book Description

0192803042 978-0192803047 January 16, 2003 1
What is dreaming? Why are dreams so strange and why are they so hard to remember? In this fascinating book, Harvard researcher Allan Hobson offers an intriguing look at our nightly odyssey through the illusory world of dreams.
Hobson describes how the theory of dreaming has advanced dramatically over the past fifty years, sparked by the use of EEGs in the 1950s and by recent innovations in brain imaging. We have learned for instance that, in dreaming, some areas of the brain are very active--the visual and auditory centers, for instance--while others are completely shut down, including the centers for self-awareness, logic, and memory. Thus we can have visually vivid dreams, but be utterly unaware that the sequence of events or locales may be bizarre and, quite often, impossible. And because the memory center is inactive, we don't remember the dream at all, unless we wake up while it is in progress. Hobson also shows that modern research has disproved most of Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams (as one scientist put it, "Freud was 50% right and 100% wrong"), but we have gained new insight into the nature of mental illness. The book also discusses dream disorders (nightmares, night terrors, sleep walking), the possible link between dreaming and the regulation of body temperature, the effects of sleep deprivation, and much more.
With special boxed features that highlight intriguing questions--Do we dream in color? (yes), Do animals dream? (probably), Do men and women dream differently? (no)--Dreaming offers a cutting-edge account of the most mysterious area of our mental life.

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Editorial Reviews

From Booklist

People have always been intrigued by the contents of dreams, seeking to interpret their meaning as either divine messages or the coded communiques of repressed desires, a la Freud, but what about the formal features of dreams, asks Harvard psychiatry professor and sleep expert Hobson. Dreams have specific perceptual, cognitive, and emotional qualities that set them apart from waking consciousness--loss of awareness of self, loss of orientation, loss of directed thought, reduction in logical reasoning, and poor memory--that correspond, as it turns out, to specific modes of brain activity. As Hobson meticulously matches dream features to brain chemistry, he cajoles readers into replacing mystical interpretations with an understanding of the evidence indicating that our precious dreams are the results of the brain's routine processing of an overwhelming amount of memory. Initially this perspective may seem reductively mechanical, but Hobson, who quotes extensively from his own 116-volume dream journal, doesn't deny that dreams offer clues to the psyche, and the complex workings of the brain are every bit as entrancing as the most dazzling of dreams. Donna Seaman
Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved

Review


"A cool outline of modern knowledge about dreams...and an explanation of what is really happening in our brains when we dream.... Throughout he uses his own dreams, recorded over many years, as examples while showing how the science of sleep has evolved over the past 50 years. Along the way, Freud takes a battering."--New Scientist


"As Hobson meticulously matches dream features to brain chemistry, he cajoles readers into replacing mystical interpretations with an understanding of the evidence indicating that our precious dreams are the results of the brain's routine processing of an overwhelming amount of memory. Initially this perspective may seem reductively mechanical, but Hobson, who quotes extensively from his own 116-volume dream journal, doesn't deny that dreams offer clues to the psyche, and the complex workings of the brain are every bit as entrancing as the most dazzling of dreams."--Booklist



Product Details

  • Hardcover: 184 pages
  • Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 1 edition (January 16, 2003)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0192803042
  • ISBN-13: 978-0192803047
  • Product Dimensions: 8 x 5.3 x 0.7 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 11.8 ounces
  • Average Customer Review: 4.6 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (5 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,202,535 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Average Customer Review
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18 of 20 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars What Dreams Mean, Scientifically, July 21, 2003
This review is from: Dreaming: An Introduction to the Science of Sleep (Hardcover)
Everyone is interested in dreams. If you are lucky enough to remember one, it will be something you think about upon awakening and perhaps through the day. Dreams are strange, frightening, and funny enough that it isn't at all uncommon to tell a friend, "Guess what I dreamt last night?" if there is a peculiar dream that bears relating. Most of us are convinced that dreams mean something. It used to be thought that gods communicated their intentions to us via dreams. Other people insisted that dreams could predict the future, and there were dream books in which you could look up the subject of your dream, say "cat," and find that dreaming of a cat was a certain prediction for maybe riches or maybe love. Freud's thoughts about dreams were close to this sort of thinking; the content of a dream had hidden meanings that were available for interpretations. But everyone who looked to dream content for meaning was looking in the wrong place, according to J. Allan Hobson in _Dreaming: An Introduction to the Science of Sleep_ (Oxford). Not the content of dreams, but the form involved and the neurological basis for it are where the meanings of dreams lie.

Dreams are characterized by visual hallucinations, emotionalism, disorientation, and other characteristics of delirium. Hobson makes the case that we do not have to wait for senility or brain damage to descend into delirium, but we do it every night. Careful analysis of what happens to the brain in dreaming indicates some basic neurobiology. Dreaming represents an alternate form of consciousness represented by alternate neurochemical functioning within the dreaming brain; noradrenaline and serotonin in particular, chemicals that neurons use between each other as signal transmitters, are shut off in the dreaming brain in the parts that would allow a waking brain to direct thoughts, make decisions based on experience, and so on. Brain scanning has revealed that the regions of the brain involved in vision and in emotional reactions are quite busy in dreams, but the areas governing decision-making and judgment are quiet. The state of Rapid Eye Movement, when dreams are most likely, seems to be important in consolidating memories and in giving children rehearsal for action, enabling them to become their own agents when awake.

These REM activities are what is important, and will need much more research; what we dream is not exactly a random side effect of the brain's REM work, but the content of the dream seems to defy scientific interpretation. Freud's concentration on content, and his insistence that there was a wish drive producing the dream, and a censorship function that made the dream bizarre so that we could handle the wishes in a distorted form, has been a bedrock of psychoanalysis, but has not leant itself to confirmation the way science is done now. For Hobson, who does his research in the sleep labs at Harvard, the dream is not symbolic, nor is it wish fulfillment, nor a process of censorship. The dream is simply the dream; what was cryptic for Freud is, for researchers with scanners and brain wave recorders, clear and penetrable because of scientific tools Freud could never have dreamed of. Hobson's pithy book, full of humor and of examples from the journal he keeps of his own dreams, is a fine basic primer to a new way that science is investigating this aspect of consciousness.

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11 of 11 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Decent, December 5, 2003
By 
Randy Given (Manchester, CT USA) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
This review is from: Dreaming: An Introduction to the Science of Sleep (Hardcover)
This is a decent book on dreaming. It answered many of the questions that I might have raised about the subject. It does so in an informed and easy-to-read manner. It is not stuffed with references (both pro and con). Much of the medical science is filtered so that the person-on-the-street will understand it. Many sidebars answer some basic questions. The headings are brief and accurate, making it easy to skim and find answers to questions. Overall, a worthwhile reading. Recommended.
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8 of 8 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars The Neuroscience of Dreaming, February 25, 2003
This review is from: Dreaming: An Introduction to the Science of Sleep (Hardcover)
If one is looking for a book that is a cookbook for the interpretation of dreams or a guide to the collective conscious of dreams, then keep on searching. However, if you are seeking an introduction to the science of dreams, the underlying physiological and chemical basis of dreaming, then look no further.

J. Allan Hobson provides an excellent introduction to neuroscience models of dreaming and their application to common psychological phenomena such as disruptive dreams, learning, and dream consciousness. Very informative and very readable.

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Inside This Book (learn more)
First Sentence:
What causes dreaming? Read the first page
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
aminergic systems, regional brain activation, emotional salience, dream science, dream movement, sleep science, dream reports, dream consciousness, dream content, dream theory, dreaming brain, sleep onset, dream recall
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
Michel Jouvet, Richard Newland, Sigmund Freud, Thomas Edison
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