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4.0 out of 5 stars
Dense papers include interesting conclusions, September 10, 2011
This review is from: Paul and the Mosaic Law (Paperback)
After reading Five Views on Law and Gospel, I decided I wanted some more in-depth reading of interpretations on the subject and purchased this collection of papers from a symposium which took place in Scotland in 1994. It's pretty strenuous reading. Since I don't know Greek, and English translations of Greek quotations in the papers are not given, I wasn't able to comprehend everything that was said.
However, below are some of the conclusions made by the contributors.
Hermann Lichtenberger described the understanding of the Torah in the Judaism of Paul's Day. He maintained (apparently there's quite a bit of agreement on this among scholars) that achieving righteousness by works apart from God's gracious election was not the predominant theology of salvation for most Jews of the day.
Bruce Longenecker, commenting on Galatians, characterized Paul's position as: not salvation by works to get in (Gal 1:6-2:10), not nomistic observance of Law to stay in (Gal. 2:11-4:31), but vital experience of Christian character mediated through Christian teaching especially of love and through the Spirit of Christ in us (Gal. 5-6).
N. T. Wright, commenting on Romans 2, maintains that Christians experience the law's fulfillment in relationship to God, not through observation of commandments. Wright maintains that Rom 2:14-16 (unconvincingly IMO), and 2:25-29 (more convincingly IMO) refer to Christian Gentiles.
Richard B. Hays, commenting on Romans 3-4, concluded that the positive references to the law such as in Rom 3:31 refer to the whole narrative of scripture rather than to Mosaic commandments specifically.
Stephen Westerholm, commenting on Romans 9-11, concluded that the whole thrust of the three chapters is that salvation is wholly a merciful act of God independent of ANY action of man, even faith which is itself resultant of God's merciful act.
Heikki Raisanen, responding to Westerholm's comments, emphasized the necessity of man's part: faith, with the works it produces.
Peter J. Tomson, commenting on I Corinthians 7, noted Paul's legal orientation on marriage and concluded that Paul expected observance of law of some type by both Jewish and Gentile believers, Paul's excoriation of SALVATION by works notwithstanding. I Corinthians 7:18-19 is Tomson's key text.
John M. G. Barclay, commenting on Romans 14:1-15:6, concluded that Paul rejected the dictates of dietary regulations but upheld "moral seriousness" for Christians.
James D. G. Dunn, editor of the volume, summed up with several assertions.
1. He asserted that there is an ILLUSION of Paul being more negative toward the law because his audience was predominately either of Jewish background or else embroiled in controversy about requirements of the Law. He didn't argue positively for the value of the law VERY MUCH because his hearers didn't question the value of the law.
2. The great rejection of law in Paul's writings is said by Dunn to focus on the Law's function of separating God's people from other nations via the emphasis on Sabbath, circumcision, and dietary laws. (Other writers have said that Paul was speaking against the "ceremonial law", but Dunn thinks the focus of Paul's opposition was much more focused, on these boundary-setting regulations that gave Jews their identity and which were proposed for Gentile Christians as well.)
3. Dunn emphasizes the Law's continuing function of "providing guidance for conduct and in expressing requirements of God which should be fulfilled." He didn't get into which portions of the Law do or don't give us such guidance.
Several other scholars contributed to the volume. I've commented on the conclusions I found most interesting.
If those sorts of discussions, based on detailed, careful analysis of Paul's epistles, appeal to you, and you're willing to plow through challenging prose, this book would be a good choice for you.
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