Rajmohan Gandhi, the grandson of Mahatma Gandhi, has written a very objective analysis of the biographies of eight Muslim leaders in the sub continent who shaped the politics of the region. The deep seated chasm between the Hindu and Muslim relations is to be considered from the historical context since the invasion of India by the Muslim conquerors several hundred years ago. The religion and politics got integrally mixed with the objective of domination of the non believers. The modern Muslim leaders did not change the mentality much. So in the advent of the end of the British rule, it became impossible to accept the idea that the vast numbers of Muslims could live in a country where they would for ever be a minority community. Jinnah undestood this well and became an articulate advocate of this point of view. The irony is that Jinnah could have cared less for the religious doctrines or customs. Unfortunately, the then Congress leaders failed to understand the strength of the Muslim feelings. The few Muslim leaders such as Maulana Abul Kalam Azad or Zakir Hussein who truly believed in the unity of the communities became outcasts among the large Muslim constituency in the British India.
I don't think much has changed since then. But unfortunately, both sides must change their attitiudes for the sake of the social and economic welfare of their own people. Leaders in Pakistan should abandon the old rhetorics and focus on their own internal issues. Indian leaders must also make overtures to the Muslims to integrate them. Unfortunately, Rajmohan's own grandfather gave his life trying to do just that. Can anybody bring these two communities together in peaceful existence?