The editors, both scholars in Middle Eastern studies, have brought to completion a project begun in the early 1980s. The work was originally conceived as a biographical dictionary of Arab personalities, then as a dictionary of writers, then as a handbook modelled on the Oxford Companions. It has entries on "the most important authors, works, genres, key terms, and issues in the Arabic literary tradition--classical, transitional, and modern." Entries are arranged alphabetically and vary in length from a few sentences to more than eight pages (for Alf layla wa-layla, or the Thousand and One Nights). Among the longer entries are those for genres, such as historical literature and prose, non-fiction, medieval. Most of the entries are devoted to writers, ranging from Aristotle, regarded by many Islamic philosophers as the first teacher, to al-Araj Wasini, an Algerian novelist born in 1954. A sample of other entries shows the diverse coverage--books and bookbinding, artistic prose, Al-Jarida (an important newspaper), censorship in Arabic literature, Tunisia.
Most entries end with lists of further reading, some of which are fairly extensive. The bibliography appended to Spain, for example, lists more than 30 items, many in languages other than English. Appendixes include a glossary and dynastic tables. Access is aided by see and see also references as well as a general index.
The four-volume Cambridge History of Arabic Literature (Cambridge, 1983^-92) takes a more in-depth approach. This encyclopedia will be useful for students of Middle Eastern culture and philosophy, as well as literature, and should be a welcome addition to any academic or large public library.
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