The setting of limit values for environmental noxae is essentially based on measurements and data from single exposures. To an increasing degree, however, there are demands also to consider combined exposures. Hence, in this study, the necessity and feasability of environmental standards for combined exposures have been examined from the scientific, medical, economic, legal, sociological and philosophical/ethical perspective. Starting from effect mechanisms, criteria have been established which, in spite of the complexity of the issues, enable us to set limit values in order to achieve given environmental quality targets. This study endeavours to reveal and explain gaps in knowledge and to point to possible solutions from the scientific and medical point of view. The results should support efforts to shape a practical legal framework and viable economic procedures for environmental standards on combined exposures, taking into consideration the standards and perceptions existing in our communities.
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First Sentence:
In the following, "environmental standards" will mean quantitative definitions of environmental quality targets. Read the first page Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
dose additivity, sum total limit, fixed dose ratio, establishing limit values, lower dose range, medium dose range, effect additivity, dose pair, based medical studies, sigmoid model, acceptable residual risk, pragmatic consistency, response additivity, isoquant curve, observed combined effects, setting limit values, environmental quality targets, multiple polluters, regarding combined effects, supporting circumstances, tumour rate, additivity model, dose additive, canal sample, imputation models Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
New York, United Nations, Environ Pollut, Pollution Control Act, Technical Instructions, Environmental Protection Agency, Cancer Res, Model Administrative Procedures, Dangerous Substances Directive, Hazardous Substances Regulation, Central Europe, Neue Zeitschrift, Westdeutscher Verlag, Amer Soc Hort Sci, Dangerous Preparations Directive, German Basic Law, Love Canal, New Phytol, Nuclear Energy Act, Plant Physiol, Das Vorsorgeprinzip, German Chemicals Act, Landmann Rohmer, Mohr Siebeck, Radiological Protection New!
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Front Cover | Table of Contents | First Pages | Back Cover | Surprise Me!
In the following, "environmental standards" will mean quantitative definitions of environmental quality targets. Read the first page Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
dose additivity, sum total limit, fixed dose ratio, establishing limit values, lower dose range, medium dose range, effect additivity, dose pair, based medical studies, sigmoid model, acceptable residual risk, pragmatic consistency, response additivity, isoquant curve, observed combined effects, setting limit values, environmental quality targets, multiple polluters, regarding combined effects, supporting circumstances, tumour rate, additivity model, dose additive, canal sample, imputation models Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
New York, United Nations, Environ Pollut, Pollution Control Act, Technical Instructions, Environmental Protection Agency, Cancer Res, Model Administrative Procedures, Dangerous Substances Directive, Hazardous Substances Regulation, Central Europe, Neue Zeitschrift, Westdeutscher Verlag, Amer Soc Hort Sci, Dangerous Preparations Directive, German Basic Law, Love Canal, New Phytol, Nuclear Energy Act, Plant Physiol, Das Vorsorgeprinzip, German Chemicals Act, Landmann Rohmer, Mohr Siebeck, Radiological Protection New!
Books on Related Topics | Concordance | Text Stats Browse Sample Pages:
Front Cover | Table of Contents | First Pages | Back Cover | Surprise Me!
Citations (learn more)
This book cites 24
books:
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- The Social Amplification of Risk by Nick Pidgeon on page 36, page 293, and page 294
- Regulating Industrial Risks: Science, Hazards and Public Protection by Harry J. Otway on page 293
- Our Stolen Future: Are We Threatening Our Fertility, Intelligence, and Survival?--A Scientific Detective Story by Theo Colborn on page 35
- Normal Accidents: Living with High-Risk Technologies by Charles Perrow on page 293
- The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk: Essays on Risk Selectin and Perception (Risk, Governance and Society) by B.B. Johnson on page 294
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