Investigating the enormous contribution made by female textile workers to early industrialization in Meiji Japan, Patricia Tsurumi documents not only their hardships but also their triumphs. While their skills and long hours created profits for factory owners that in turn benefitted the state, the labour of these women enabled their tenant farming families to continue paying high rents in the countryside. Tsurumi shows that through their experiences as Japan's first modern factory workers, these "factory girls" developed an identity that played a crucial role in the history of the Japanese working class. Much of this story is based on records the factory girls themselves left behind, including their songs.
