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The Fire Ants [Hardcover]

Walter R. Tschinkel (Author)
5.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (4 customer reviews)

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Book Description

April 15, 2006 0674022076 978-0674022072

Walter Tschinkel's passion for fire ants has been stoked by over thirty years of exploring the rhythm and drama of Solenopsis invicta's biology. Since South American fire ants arrived in Mobile, Alabama, in the 1940s, they have spread to become one of the most reviled pests in the Sunbelt.

In Fire Ants Tschinkel provides not just an encyclopedic overview of S. invicta--how they found colonies, construct and defend their nests, forage and distribute food, struggle among themselves for primacy, and even relocate entire colonies--but a lively account of how research is done, how science establishes facts, and the pleasures and problems of a scientific career.

Between chapters detailed enough for experts but readily accessible to any educated reader, "interludes" provide vivid verbal images of the world of fire ants and the people who study them. Early chapters describe the several failed, and heavily politically influenced, eradication campaigns, and later ones the remarkable spread of S. invicta's "polygyne" form, in which nests harbor multiple queens and colonies reproduce by "budding." The reader learns much about ants, the practice of science, and humans' role in the fire ant's North American success.

(20060425)

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Editorial Reviews

Review

This is a wonderful book, comprehensive in its coverage of fire ant social biology, extraordinarily lucid in its description of complex topics, and beautifully synthetic in tying together the many disparate threads of evidence relevant to the discussion of each topic. The prose is concise and compact, but the wit and humor of the author penetrate even the most tedious technical parts to lighten up the text and make it a pleasure to read. The book is laced with insightful and humorous interludes that detail the tools and personalities involved in fire ant research, and covers the major topics likely to be of interest to evolutionary biologists and ecologists who study social animals, especially social insects. The Fire Ants is certain to be widely read.
--Kenneth Ross, Professor of Entomology, University of Georgia

This book is without parallel as a thorough description of the biology of an important social insect. There are books on particular problems of social insect biology, and of course the landmark volume by Hölldobler and Wilson treats all ant biology. The Fire Ants stands out for its focus on a single species, covering the entire range of an enormous literature. It will therefore be of interest to specialists and to a more general audience who wish to learn about what is important in the ant world.
--Joan Herbers, Dean of Biological Sciences, Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University

I have been reading bits and pieces of the book, dipping in here and there like a chimpanzee with a twig, fishing for ants, and each time I have come up with something tasty and nutritious...My favorite ["Interlude"], an economical two-page essay called "The Porter Wedge Micrometer: Mental Health for Myrmecologists," ought to be required reading for any scientist who wants to write for the public...This brief essay is entertaining and significant, a real glimpse of what science is and how it is done by human beings, rational and un-, grappling with technique, nature and the gathering of information. This is what the public needs to know about science, not just the results presented in the driest form possible.
--James Gorman (New York Times )

This book is a masterly and detailed account of some of nature's greatest opportunists, the fire ants. It deals with their phylogeny, biogeography, social organization, parasites, and foraging behavior, together with their impacts on natural ecosystems and agriculture. Walter Tschinkel's holistic approach embraces topics at the molecular level and relates them to the colony and its organization. Tschinkel has researched these ants for thirty-five years at Florida State University, Tallahassee. He and several generations of his postgraduate students have been one of the major driving forces in fire-ant studies. This body of work required the mastery of finely tuned laboratory techniques in analytical chemistry, a detailed understanding of the natural history of the ants, extended periods of uncomfortable fieldwork and getting badly stung...Tschinkel's love of and fascination with the ants shines through the often highly technical aspects of The Fire Ants. He writes with great clarity and his book should appeal to the general reader, as much as the specialist. It is well illustrated with graphs, tables, and excellent photographs.
--Christopher O'Toole (Times Literary Supplement )

About the Author

Walter R. Tschinkel is a Distinguished Research Professor of Biological Science at Florida State University.

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 752 pages
  • Publisher: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press (April 15, 2006)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0674022076
  • ISBN-13: 978-0674022072
  • Product Dimensions: 9.3 x 7 x 2.1 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 3.2 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 5.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (4 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,007,456 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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12 of 12 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars An Admirable and Admiring Scientific Tribute, June 3, 2006
This review is from: The Fire Ants (Hardcover)
Southerners hate fire ants. Let alone that they are convinced that fire ants ruin land and ravage gardens: fire ants hurt. Anyone stung by just one knows that they deserve their name, but so often people are not stung by just one, but by a cluster. So it is alarming to find a southerner who ardently feels another way about the creatures. "I love fire ants," is the first sentence in chapter one of _The Fire Ants_ (The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press) by Walter R. Tschinkel, who says he has written it for "professional biologists and for people still open-minded enough to be intrigued, charmed, or fascinated by the many results of biological research on fire ants." Besides, the stings aren't so bad. He cites the Pain Rating Scale of Justin O. Schmidt, a venom specialist. Bullet ants get a 4+ rating ("like walking over flaming charcoal with a three inch nail imbedded in your heel") but fire ants muster only a 1.2 ("Like walking across a shag carpet and reaching for a light switch." I think he understates!) People who are allergic to stings of insects must beware, but even thousands of stings don't do any real damage: "Inebriated persons using a fire-ant 'bed' have sustained over 5000 fire-ant stings without signs of general toxicity (other than that of alcohol)." That sort of writing is typical of the amused, light touch that Tschinkel has brought to a 700 page, three pound volume which Edward O. Wilson declares in the foreword "a masterpiece". (Wilson was responsible, in 1962, for steering Tschinkel from biochemistry and organic chemistry to his current studies.)

There is much more to the fire ant than just the sting, and it is hard to imagine that this volume has left anything out, except for all the research that there is still to do about still-mysterious details. Fire ants were imported accidentally from South America between 1933 and 1942. They moved out concentrically from Mobile, and there is a famous map of their expanding range as the years went by, but it wasn't just a simple matter of expansive growth by a species that liked the new real estate. They had help from the same vector that brought them to the United States, the humans which Tschinkel says fire ants must regard as benevolent gods. Distant foci of infestation were established "when obliging nurserymen unwittingly gave rides to hitchhiking fire ants." Fire ants would have had trouble crossing the desert, for instance, without our help, and so they got to California. There are lovely essays on the behavior of ant researchers interspersed among the more numerous and scientifically dense chapters. It is really rather astonishing all that Tschinkel and his fellows have been able to ask the ants experimentally and get them to reply. They have used remarkable techniques, such as tagging individual ants permanently with little wire belts around their waists: "Tying a wire around an ant's waist is simple, at least in principle."

Tschinkel is often confronted by people who want him to tell them how to get rid of the ants. If you have a hypersensitive member of the family, yes, it might be time for poison baits, he suggests, but otherwise he advises simply leaving them alone. After all, he says, they don't do any harm. Now, anyone who has been stung by these critters might question that, but Tschinkel provides ample data to show that there is little demonstrable harm done by fire ants, and even some good; Louisiana sugarcane farmers, for instance, recognize that fire ants go after sugarcane borers and thus improve crop yields. There have been efforts, waves of chlordane and Mirex, that humans have used to eliminate the ants, and when that failed, just to control their spread, and when that failed, there was nothing for the humans to do but give up. The Ant Wars were "a complex brew of science, politics, journalistic hyperbole, public hysteria, and legal maneuvering" and the humans lost. Fire ants will be around for at least as long as we keep making them at home, it seems, and in reading this impressive volume, it is hard not to admire the sophisticated ways they have evolved to keep themselves going. Even if you have no chance of becoming a myrmecologist yourself, you will find it hard not to admire the cleverness and hard work of the researchers devoted to them. Tschinkel's volume is a beautiful monument to fire ants and to science.
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5 of 5 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars A Blockbuster of a Novel, August 7, 2008
By 
David W. Fanning (Fort Collins, CO USA) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
This review is from: The Fire Ants (Hardcover)
A technical book on fire ants is not really my thing. I'm a physicist living in country too cold for fire ants. But my son is doing a senior research project with fire ants and he started gushing about this book. Impressed that anything could make him put down his texting cell phone for a minute, I had a look.

This is, hands down, the best technical book I have ever read. Not only does Tschinkel move you through the story of fire ants with a pacing that more resembles a blockbuster novel than a biological textbook, he is very, very funny. I know for a fact I have laughed out loud more reading this book than I did for many a supposedly "humorous" book.

It is a rare writer who can compel a mostly disinterested reader to stay with him through nearly 700 pages of technical information. Looking back, I can't believe he did it. Yet he did, and I am grateful for the experience. I know a WHOLE lot more about fire ants than I ever dreamed I would want to know. And I can't wait for the sequel.
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2 of 2 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Excellent, Hard to put down text., January 9, 2007
By 
This review is from: The Fire Ants (Hardcover)
Not only is the author, Walter Tschinkel, an expert on Fire

Ants he is a skillful writer. His ability to spinkle humor

in every chapter makes the book enjoyable even to the non-

scientific reader. He will expell many false claims of the

Fire Ant menace and enlighten the reader with facts gathered

from over 30 years of observations and experiments. The text

documents the larger problems caused when uniformed political

groups try to fix a problem they don't understand. This book

should me mandatory reading for all environmentalist!

Bill Denni
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Inside This Book (learn more)
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
polygyne nests, invicta colonies, monogyne populations, polygyne colonies, invicta workers, monogyne colonies, monogyne workers, polygyne queens, invicta populations, queen density, monogyne queens, polygyne populations, successful colony founding, female alates, monogyne fire ants, sexual larvae, brood pile, brood raiding, monogyne form, brood raids, incipient nests, queenless units, underground foraging tunnels, minim workers, polygyne form
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
South America, Vander Meer, North American, Southwood Plantation, Mato Grosso, Sanford Porter, South Carolina, Bill Buren, Department of Agriculture, Ken Ross, Entomological Society of America, New Orleans, Paraguay River, United States, Brackenridge Field Laboratory, Eldridge Adams, Allied Chemical, Deby Cassill, Tharpe Street, Florida Keys, Mobile Harbor, North Carolina, Puerto Rico, Second Fire Ant War, Sharon's House of Beauty
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