65 of 66 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars
Inside the Mind of an Exceptional Investor, May 31, 2009
This review is from: Fooling Some of the People All of the Time, A Long Short Story (Hardcover)
Many well-respected money managers -- some of them with track records that spanned decades -- saw their reputations utterly destroyed in 2008. One manager who came through the carnage with reputation intact, and even enhanced, was David Einhorn (the author of this book). In addition to anticipating the fall of Lehman Brothers, Einhorn's fund, Greenlight Capital, significantly outperformed the S&P (though still ended up down on the year).
I am not an investor in Greenlight (Einhorn's fund), but I always enjoy reading their quarterly letters. They are consistently detailed, forthright and insightful, the way all investor communication should be.
I also give Einhorn respect (and admiration) for his 18th place finish in the 2006 World Series of Poker -- the $659,730 winings of which he donated to charity. The guy can clearly handle himself at a poker table.
The book itself was an interesting read on multiple levels. A friend of mine, who crunches spreadsheets in his sleep, made a friendly wager I wouldn't be able to get through the whole thing, as there is a great degree of detail (some would say mind-numbing detail) covering Allied Capital's various accounting irregularities.
I won the wager by devouring the book -- moreso out of hunger to absorb a highly trained investor's deeply analytical thought processes, than from a need to understand the particulars of Allied Capital or BDCs (business development companies).
The book sheds light on a number of excellent concepts above and beyond the Allied saga. The opening chapters, which describe the origins and philosophies and thought processes behind Greenlight Capital, are extremely informative.
The book as a whole, including all the Allied Capital detail, further offers a picture of what an exceptional investing mind looks like. If one were to try and reverse engineer the source of Einhorn's success (leaving out the irreducible good fortune component), four qualities would stand out:
- Exceptional analytical capability
- Exceptional creative ability
- Deep concentration ability
- Deep intestinal fortitude
To surpass "good" and make it to "great" as a trader or an investor, I would argue one needs all four traits. The presence of some but not all of these traits, I believe, accounts for the overwhelming tide of mediocre performance we see from Wall Street.
The typical investment banking path, for example, focuses heavily on the analytical side... while stomping the creative side into the dirt. The first few years of being an i-banker (if not one's entire career) are hallmarked by soul-crushingly repetitious activities that by and large replace spreadsheet gruntwork with any semblance of creative unconventional thought.
Worse still, the general institutional investment mindset runs directly counter to the "deep intestinal fortitude" idea -- in fact the whole of institutional investment culture seems expressly designed to browbeat the average manager into the mold of a gutless, benchmark-hugging coward, desperately afraid to deviate too far from the safety-approved track of his peers.
As if this were not enough, the mediocre types that hold the keys to most of the locks in the institutional investment world reinforce their plodding natures (and thus bolster their plodding dominance) with a "tried and true, proof in triplicate" way of thinking that drives the mavericks and creative thinkers mad (and out the door). At the end of the day, finding all four traits within a single individual becomes a rare thing indeed.
"Fooling" does have a touch of personal vendetta feel to it at times. The deep accounting detail can also be a bog in places, especially if one does not view keeping up with the myriad intricacies as an amusing challenge.
But the opening chapters alone are worth the price of admission... and if you want a gritty, true-to-life, wide-ranging gestalt feel for the combination of smarts and guts and tenacity it takes to successfully run a multi-billion-dollar hedge fund, "Fooling Some of the People All of the Time" delivers.
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67 of 73 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars
An important work, May 18, 2008
This review is from: Fooling Some of the People All of the Time, A Long Short Story (Hardcover)
It would suffice that this book is well-written, engaging and informative, but it is more than that. It is an important book, for two reasons. First, it shows how much of an investment edge it can be to employ deep research and critical thought. The fact that many other investors continued to be fooled by the company even after Einhorn published his analysis may seem frustrating to the reader, but as an investor I view that reaction as confirmatory that there will always be lots of ways for independent, meticulous thinkers to make money. Second, the book demonstrates how difficult and lonely it can be to engage in activist investing, especially from the short side. Consistent with the story in this book, I have almost invariably found that the more correct the activist's views are, the more likely s/he will be subjected to ad hominem attacks; and that, when presented with cogent evidence of a serious problem, government officials either do nothing or protect the malefactor. Indeed, the business news of the last nine months is replete with examples of this. I am unaware of another book on investing that captures this second element. It is all the more commendable that Einhorn can tell this incredibly frustrating tale calmly, resisting the temptation to engage in histrionics or self-righteousness.
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64 of 73 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars
Detailed insight into both a hedge fund and a loan company's abuse of the system, May 12, 2008
This review is from: Fooling Some of the People All of the Time, A Long Short Story (Hardcover)
The book is really close to being 2 or 3 books in one. Initially heard about the book in the WSJ, I pre-ordered it on Amazon and took a few weeks to read.
In the first part Mr. Einhorn writes several chapters aimed at a non-professional investor to build the background of how a hedge fund invests, building the reader's knowledge from zero to fluent enough to understand the book. There's a glossary in the back of the book to refer to if you forget any of the terms. In fact, later on Mr. Einhorn's open and full disclosure of his investing philosophy, technique, and results contrast with those of Allied Capital and its collection of LLCs.
The second part of the book builds from a small trickle to a river of fraud, and frankly this is the hardest part to get through. You're directed to watch Mr. Einhorn's speech on the web in order to understand a dissection of reactions that follow, and I admit that I felt as if I was reading a story from somebody who was picked on too much in the schoolyard and is taking revenge by writing a book. As I kept reading the chapters the story suddenly took me by surprise (around P.200 or so).
It then becomes a story of how, if you were to implement a business poorly and needed to keep it going no matter what, you would do whatever it took to keep paying a dividend to keep your stock from tanking. You might start by fibbing on the health of the business one year, sell healthy companies to hide your true results a few years later, and start directing campaign donations to the right parties a few years later. In for a penny, in for a pound. Mr. Einhorn didn't mention, but in years past I have read, that Enron kept going for so long because they did a good job spreading their money around to both the politicians and the local community. Mr. Einhorn does mention how much many parts of the US (Wall Street, the various parts of government, and mom-and-pop investors) want to continue the company so as not to lose whatever interest they have vested into the company or system.
In the end I feel educated about his hedge fund, I feel in over my head on how to value a company's investments if the company is similar to Allied Capital, I feel a bit angry on how narrow the scope and small the punishment delivered (but not surprised - I've seen how narrow the scope of investigations of companies are before), and I feel that Mr. Einhorn has, for lack of a more subtle way of putting it, wasted enough of his life worrying about this company. You're not going to get back the years you've spent. You should go on to enjoy something else in life (but I appreciate the sacrifice you made so I could read about this in a book).
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