During the German "Kulturkampf" in the 1870s, the Frankfurt rabbi Samson Raphael Hirsch enjoined all Jews to exercise a right given by Prussian law - to withdraw from the united community which was dominated by Reform forces in order to belong only to a separate Orthodox community, founded according to Jewish law (Halakha). This work investigates the significance of these events. It shows the genesis modern Jewish Orthodoxy and helps to understand its activities, in a new "Kulturkampf", in the state of Israel until the present.
