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God Interrupted: Heresy and the European Imagination between the World Wars
 
 
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God Interrupted: Heresy and the European Imagination between the World Wars [Hardcover]

Benjamin Lazier (Author)
3.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (1 customer review)

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Book Description

December 15, 2008

Could the best thing about religion be the heresies it spawns? Leading intellectuals in interwar Europe thought so. They believed that they lived in a world made derelict by God's absence and the interruption of his call. In response, they helped resurrect gnosticism and pantheism, the two most potent challenges to the monotheistic tradition. In God Interrupted, Benjamin Lazier tracks the ensuing debates about the divine across confessions and disciplines. He also traces the surprising afterlives of these debates in postwar arguments about the environment, neoconservative politics, and heretical forms of Jewish identity. In lively, elegant prose, the book reorients the intellectual history of the era.

God Interrupted also provides novel accounts of three German-Jewish thinkers whose ideas, seminal to fields typically regarded as wildly unrelated, had common origins in debates about heresy between the wars. Hans Jonas developed a philosophy of biology that inspired European Greens and bioethicists the world over. Leo Strauss became one of the most important and controversial political theorists of the twentieth century. Gershom Scholem, the eminent scholar of religion, radically recast what it means to be a Jew. Together they help us see how talk about God was adapted for talk about nature, politics, technology, and art. They alert us to the abiding salience of the divine to Europeans between the wars and beyond--even among those for whom God was long missing or dead.



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Editorial Reviews

Review


Elegant. . . . Heresies, Lazier argues, represented an object of interest and inspiration. Yet his finely wrought analyses demonstrate that while all his subjects were indeed fascinated by the issues these heresies raised, they were less a source of inspiration than challenges in need of resistance, reworking, and overcoming. -- Steven E. Aschheim, Times Literary Supplement



God Interrupted is intellectual history of a high order: eye-opening, skillfully wrought, rich in implication and touched with literary flair. . . . [I]n writing of a pivotal moment in modern theology's history and its reverberations, he has not only made his case for its wide historical significance but also crafted a book that provoke those still struggling to determine the amplitude and frequency of the God's oft-interrupted call. -- Robert Westbrook, Christian Century



[W]onderful, erudite, and beautifully written . . . -- Anna Yeatman, H-Net



The brilliant scholar Benjamin Lazier makes a convincing case that two religious heresies exerted far-reaching influence on Weimar-era thought well beyond the confines of religion. . . . Lazier navigates the eddies and tributaries of these intellectual currents with astonishing clarity, erudition, confidence, and wit. This book is a landmark, a tour de force of both synthesis and original thought. -- Jewish Book World



What Commonweal readers would find most rewarding about . . . Lazier's intellectual history is that [it] succeed[s] in giving a sense of the organic environment . . . in which the philosopher's intellectual life was rooted and from which it richly sprang. For the same reason, Commonweal readers might also find [this] book somewhat disturbing, for [it] serve[s] as [a] reminder of a deep anti-Semitism that, as the recent controversy over Pope Benedict's rehabilitation of the Society of St. Pius X indicated, has not been entirely uprooted from Christianity to this day. -- Bernard G. Prusak, Commonweal



It is quite the conceptual task to bring together these three seemingly disparate thinkers under a coherent conceptual roof. The way that the gnosticism-pantheism dialectic threads together these three thinkers is impressive. It is perhaps no surprise that Lazier received the 2008 Templeton Award for Theological Promise. -- Clarence W. Joldersma, Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith



This rich and informative intellectual history is a compelling challenge to historians to take theology seriously by convincingly arguing for the importance of the theology of heresy . . . for a comprehensive understanding of these three scholars' life and work. . . . Grippingly persuasive. -- Yotam Hotam, Journal of Modern History

From the Inside Flap


"God Interrupted is a disciplinary miracle, a union of history, philosophy, and theology into a new form of illumination. Lazier is a sure-footed guide through the thought of Hans Jonas, Leo Strauss, and Gershom Scholem, three of the twentieth century's most intrepid explorers of the relationship between faith and reason. He is also a profoundly original thinker who teaches us how to ask their basic questions about the relationship between man, God, and the universe in ways appropriate to our own de-secularizing age. As lucid as it is lyrical, this marvelous book is essential reading for anyone concerned with the choices that seem to confront us today, between political science or political theology, liberalism or theocracy, reason or revelation."--David Nirenberg, Committee on Social Thought, University of Chicago

"Benjamin Lazier makes a compelling case, in lucid and lively style, for the centrality of gnosticism and pantheism in European thought between the two wars and for decades afterward. This book will establish him as a major authority in modern intellectual history."--Robert Alter, University of California, Berkeley

"God Interrupted is a work of an unusual talent. The analysis is brilliant; virtually each page sparkles with novel insights."--Paul Mendes-Flohr, University of Chicago Divinity School

"This is a fascinating and highly original look at the return in interwar German-Jewish thought of certain heretical tendencies of the Jewish past. In part a study of political theology, in part a study of 'modern heresy,' Lazier's book exhibits a capaciousness and creativity that will no doubt transform the way we think about the place of religion in modern intellectual history."--Peter Gordon, Harvard University

"God Interrupted tells a fascinating story about three Weimar Jewish intellectuals--Hans Jonas, Leo Strauss, and Gershom Scholem--and their significance for understanding the trope of heresy in interwar Europe. This has the potential to be the most important book on theology in Weimar Germany."--Leora Batnitzky, Princeton University



Product Details

  • Hardcover: 270 pages
  • Publisher: Princeton University Press (December 15, 2008)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 069113670X
  • ISBN-13: 978-0691136707
  • Product Dimensions: 9.3 x 6.1 x 1 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.2 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 3.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (1 customer review)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #340,248 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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3 of 27 people found the following review helpful:
3.0 out of 5 stars Intellectual history in the spirit of Arendt, February 11, 2009
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This review is from: God Interrupted: Heresy and the European Imagination between the World Wars (Hardcover)
Lazier's "intellectual history" opens with Arendt's apology of nature as Mother Earth in the aftermath of the repudiation of God the Father in heaven: Earth is capitalized; heaven is not.

Lazier argues as follows. Is this not because Earth includes heaven? God the Father is merely posited in heaven, whereas He belongs to Earth. The Father is abstracted out of the Mother. God is Earth. Earth is the Nature of God. God is life itself: EXISTENCE. Is it possible to avert the loss of Earth in the aftermath of the death of the heavenly Father? Or must we end up with total war?

In speaking of Strauss, Jonas and Scholem, Lazier writes:
"All three revived an ancient Greek distinction: they set law and convention (NOMOS) against teleological notions of nature (PHYSIS), and for the most part they adjudicated this context in favor of the latter" (16).

Even setting aside the problem that <notions> ARE <nomoi>, Lazier says nothing about the fact that the Greek habit of setting NOMOS against PHYSIS was peculiar to the SOPHISTS opposed by Socrates. Nor is Socrates' way compatible with the habitual practice of modern sophistry to <use> NOMOS in the interests of Mother Earth.

Lazier appears to be arguing that nature is "good" because or in the sense that the Earth is good. Perhaps we need God the Father merely to take care of the Mother: we can use NOMOS to cultivate PHYSIS, especially now that the Father is no longer in Heaven. We can (or might be able to) rebuild or sustain the City of Man starting from a divinized Earth (a composite of Earth and God).

Is this not one of the projects--if not the foremost project--Strauss objected to throughout his writings and life?
While on the surface Lazier pits his authors against gnosticism and heresy, under the surface or between the lines he seems to draw them within the range of gnostic and heretical impulses. Indeed he proposes to read Strauss, Jonas and Scholem as assuming the following: "Life is anarchic. It is wild and ungovernable. It defies in the end every effort to bring it to order, to subdue it to the dictates of law, any law. It is the wellspring of lawlessness, a primal earthly force" (187). "The antinomian impulse in Jonas and Strauss" (ibid.) was not outright antinomianism, only insofar as these authors learned how to make "good" use of law, i.e. only insofar as they were...Machiavellian. But was Strauss really a Machiavellian?
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Inside This Book (learn more)
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
religious phenomenon, pantheist languages, gnostic nihilism, pantheism controversy, gnostic spirit, redemption through sin, gnostic phenomenon, crisis theology, philosophical biology, creation from nothing, liberal civilization, affirm the world, radical transcendence
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
Leo Strauss, Gershom Scholem, Hans Jonas, Sabbatai Sevi, Franz Rosenzweig, Karl Löwith, Karl Barth, Carl Gebhardt, Pantheism Revisited, The Judenzarathustra, Scholem's Golem, Hans Blumenberg, Overcoming Gnosticism, Paul's Epistle, The Gnostic Return, Spinoza's Ethics, Martin Heidegger, Raising Pantheism, Jewish Spinozists, Carl Schmitt, Jacob Frank, David Baumgardt, Jacob Klein, Walter Benjamin, There Jonas
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Front Cover | Table of Contents | First Pages | Index | Surprise Me!
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