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5.0 out of 5 stars
An Important History and Reference Book, July 3, 2010
This review is from: Gypsies and Flamenco: The Emergence of the Art of Flamenco in Andalusia, Interface Collection Volume 6 (Paperback)
While this book may be small, it is loaded with information that any fan of flamenco music must have. Developed from first informal and then formal studies by the author with gypsies that led to a doctoral dissertation in 1980, this history is an eye-opener. Leblon traces the path of gypsies from northwest India through Europe and finally to Spain, documenting how they took the role of musical entertainers that was nearly left vacant by religious and social injunctions on the indigenous populations. (Jews also served as musicians, especially in Muslim lands.) Their mobility was viewed as a threat to social order, particularly in Christian Spain, which has had a long history of intolerance. After the Jews, then the Muslims, and then the converted Muslims (who were trusted less than converted Jews) were forced into exile, Spanish authorities then placed a series of horrific restrictions from the 16th to the end of the 18th centuries against the gypsies that make the American treatment of native tribes seem liberal, enlightened, and compassionate. A discussion on the specific origins of flamenco music itself ensues (as well as its name, derived, he concludes, from the gypsies who fought for Spain in the Flemish war.) The book includes musical and historical comparisons with the gypsies of Hungary. Leblon's attacks on Spanish historical ignorance, although justified, does wear thin. As for the musical origins, details are obscure, though certain milestones are noted, and he ignores the adaptation of palmas (hand-clapping) and the characteristic foot-tapping dances entirely. The second part, an annotated list of 200 flamenco artists (musicians, dancers, singers), is itself a valuable reference; it provides stage and family names, relationships, and accomplishments. A glossary also is added. The student of flamenco will consult this book often. It is an important addition to ethnomusicology.
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