The continuing rapid progress in the study of health-related water microbiology is documented in this latest volume in a series of proceedings. The Budapest Symposium of the IAWQ Health-Related Water Microbiology Group exceeded all expectations in that more than 150 papers and posters were presented by authors from over 50 countries; 84 of these articles have been selected for publication here. Amongst the new developments in this volume are first reports of astrovirus and "Norwalk-type virus" detection in environmental samples using PCR: numerous contributions emphasize the growing importance of such molecular-based techniques in bacterial and viral monitoring of the aquatic environment. Other papers assess the potential health risks due to gene transfer biofilms, and highlight new methods for detecting cyanobacterial toxins. The articles deal with the following themes: health effects in recreational and drinking waters, microbiological aspects of the treatment of wastewaters and drinking water, disinfection, microorganism survival, indicators, bacterial and viral monitoring methods, "legionella", parasites, shellfish and quality control. They constitute an unrivalled compilation of the state of the art in health-related water microbiology.
