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Human Facial Expression: An Evolutionary View [Hardcover]

Alan J. Fridlund (Author)
3.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (1 customer review)


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Book Description

August 26, 1994 0122676300 978-0122676307
This unique book provides an integrated view of human facial expressions based on contemporary knowledge about the evolution of signaling across the animal kingdom. Spanning fields that range from psychology and neurology to anthropology and linguistics, it reopens and discusses some of the classic questions in the field, including: What do facial expressions express? What are the relations between facial expressions and our motives and emotions? How did our facial expressions evolve? Are there really innate and universal facial expressions? Human Facial Expression is suitable for graduate and advanced undergraduate use as a text or course supplement. Chapters on the history of interpreting facial expressions, and on Darwin's contributions, set the stage for a thorough discussion of modern evolutionary theory and the biological, cultural, and developmental origins of our facial expressions. The incorporation of recent findings on the syntactics and semantics of animal signaling show the fundamental link of human facial expressions to vocalization and language.

Key Features
* Coverage includes methodology in evolutionary research
* Introductory discussion of facial nerves and muscles
* Compares and contrasts emotion vs. behavioral ecology views of facial expressions
* Cross-cultural analysis of similarities and differences in facial expressions
* Reviews paralanguage and gesture

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Editorial Reviews

Review

"...an excellent advanced text. It includes an astute discussion of Darwin's work on emotional facial expression and how it is often misunderstood, an in-depth consideration of the implications of contemporary evolutionary theory for understanding facial expression, and basic information about the neuropsychology of the face... thorough and accessible... difficult points are often clarified and extended through the effective use of footnotes and figures.
Beyond serving as the main text for courses on facial expression, I believe the volume is suitable as a supplementary text for more general courses on nonverbal communication or evolutionary science...highly interesting.
I am quite enthusiastic about the presentation of the behavioral ecology approach, which I find to be highly sophisticated and compelling... this perspective represents a theoretical advance that gives students of facial expression much to ponder.
I believe that the position Fridlund has advanced is important and thought provoking, and that it should be carefully studied by all serious scholars of facial expression and emotion. If we take Fridlund's ideas seriously, and incorporate them into ourthinking as appropriate, our theories will benefit greatly."
--Craig A. Smith, in CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOLOGY
"This text presents an almost perfect overview and meta-analysis of the state of the art and beyond. It covers the historical, logical, methodological, biological and psychological bases of extant research on facial expression, and proposes a new theoryand a host of derived hypotheses and ways to test them...The book is a profoundly scholarly review with an illuminating prospect. It is a must for all interested in communication, especially those involved in research on human interaction. It is up to date, richly and well illustrated, written with exceptionally clear language and logic, and particularly penetrating and disturbing."
--Alain Schmitt, Universitat Wien, in HUMAN ETHOLOGY BULLETIN
"As a social psychologist who has branched out into behavioral ecology, Fridlund is uniquely suited to undertake this exposition and critique...His expertise ranges from evolutionary biology to muscle physiology and anthropology, resulting in a wide-ranging and well informed presentation of a large number of relevant topics. The book combines a presentation of modern behavioral ecological views of human facial displays and nonverbal communication with a critical, reasoned and fair discussion of currentemotional theories that stress the importance of facial displays of emotion. The evidence adduced ranges from biology to experimental psychology, from contemporary ethology to clincial neurology. It is the definitive and exhaustive current treatment of human facial expression. Its reexamination of Darwin's book, spelling out the motives behind its writing and the message that Darwin delivered, is a brilliant contribution to the history of evolution as well as to an understanding of current and past trends.... The book has no real competitors, being unusual in the depth and breadth of its coverage."
--GEORGE MANDLER, University of California
In Human Facial Expression, Alan Fridlund approaches the literature on facial expression like a Samurai in one of Kirosawas glorious epics, slashing at conceptual giants such as Darwin and Ekman with poise and unquestionable courage... Fridlund hascollated a massive amount of data on the neurobiological and psychological mechanisms underlying emotional expression, in addition to providing several carefully developed hypotheses for the evolutionary origins and adaptive significance of such expressions.... The end product is a book that shows the extraordinary power of Darwinian thinking and emphasizes the point that like the human eye, heart, and foot, psychological processes have also beens haped by natural selection."
--MARC HAUSER, Harvard University Department of Anthropology
"This major treatise on the evolution of facial behaviour presents the most radical and controversial view on the topic since Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872)."
--NATURE

From the Back Cover

This unique book provides an integrated view of human facial expressions based on contemporary knowledge about the evolution of signaling across the animal kingdom. Spanning fields that range from psychology and neurology to anthropology and linguistics, it reopens and discusses classic questions such as: What do facial expressions express? What are the relations between facial expressions and our motives and emotions? How did our facial expressions evolve? Are there really innate and universal facial expressions?
Human Facial Expression is suitable for graduate and advanced undergraduate use as a text or course supplement. Chapters on the history of interpreting facial expressions, and on Darwin's contributions, set the stage for a thorough discussion of modern evolutionary theory and the biological, cultural, and developmental origins of our facial expressions. The incorporation of recent findings on the syntactics and semantics of animal signaling show the fundamental link of human facial expressions to vocalization and language.

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 369 pages
  • Publisher: Academic Press (August 26, 1994)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0122676300
  • ISBN-13: 978-0122676307
  • Product Dimensions: 9.3 x 6.2 x 0.9 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.5 pounds
  • Average Customer Review: 3.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (1 customer review)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #3,347,494 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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3.0 out of 5 stars Interesting but deeply flawed, July 5, 2009
This review is from: Human Facial Expression: An Evolutionary View (Hardcover)
In this book Alan Fridlund attempts to re-frame some of our views about human affect by looking at facial movement as a phenomenon that is intrinsically connected to social interaction. He explores complex evolutionary explanations for our facial expressions, and does indeed have some worthwhile ideas. Unfortunately, I think he takes a good thing too far when he completely dismisses subjective emotional experience as an important factor in affect. He describes facial behavior as being embedded in a complex web of social cues, and does not seem to believe that there is even such a thing as spontaneous, neurologically triggered affect. His explanation for the fact that we laugh and cry when we are alone is that we are communicating to an imagined social partner. He goes as far as to dismiss the very EXISTENCE of emotions, derisively putting quotes around the very word. This makes for a very strange read, almost as if the book were written by a bemused Vulcan who is struggling to explain the perplexing behavior of human beings.

If nothing else, studies of blind infant behavior seem like adequate proof of some degree of innateness. The behaviorist explanation of this phenomenon is absurd; imagine newborn infants stumbling upon a display as obscure as crying through an elaborate process of trial and error! They would be thirty by the time they shed their first tears.

I would suggest that Fridlund's ideas about the ecological nature of affect do not exclude the possibility of innate expressions. Humans evolved as an intensely social species--our cohesiveness is the reason for our success. Early band society was quite different from our stratified modern life; members of the group were extremely close-knit and interdependent. It makes sense that we would evolve to display spontaneous, unambiguous signals of our subjective states in order to bond and demonstrate our needs. It also makes sense that we would develop ornate embellishments of our facial movements in our interactions of play, communication and deceit. (By the way, I am not a proponent of Ekman's work, which I also find deeply flawed and highly overrated!)
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