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Imperial China 900-1800 [Hardcover]

Frederick W. Mote (Author)
4.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (10 customer reviews)


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Book Description

February 9, 2000

This is a history of China for the 900-year time span of the late imperial period. A senior scholar of this epoch, F. W. Mote highlights the personal characteristics of the rulers and dynasties and probes the cultural theme of Chinese adaptations to recurrent alien rule. No other work provides a similar synthesis: generational events, personalities, and the spirit of the age combine to yield a comprehensive history of the civilization, not isolated but shaped by its relation to outsiders.

This vast panorama of the civilization of the largest society in human history reveals much about Chinese high and low culture, and the influential role of Confucian philosophical and social ideals. Throughout the Liao Empire, the world of the Song, the Mongol rule, and the early Qing through the Kangxi and Qianlong reigns, culture, ideas, and personalities are richly woven into the fabric of the political order and institutions. This is a monumental work that will stand among the classic accounts of the nature and vibrancy of Chinese civilization before the modern period.


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Editorial Reviews

Amazon.com Review

A major preoccupation of this work by Princeton's highly respected professor emeritus, Frederick W. Mote, is the interplay between China and Inner Asia, a region that includes Manchuria, Mongolia, Xinjiang, and Tibet. This is an important advance on previous broad examinations of imperial China, which have a distinct bias toward sinocentric dynastic politics. The year 907 marked the final breakdown of the Tang government and the establishment of a series of non-Chinese dynasties, from the Liao to the Qing, who ruled over all or much of Chinese territory for the next thousand years. Mote explains the impact on China of the Turkic and Mongol tribes to the north and west, a cultural influence that, for political reasons, is normally neglected by Chinese historians. The book's many excellent maps show how China's boundaries were constrained by powerful neighbors, a fact that also has political significance today. Economic questions are discussed, such as transportation systems and trade with the northern tribes. Environmental issues, such as the silting and flooding of the Yellow River, firmly insert geography into historical studies. Meanwhile, the next edition--and there will surely be another edition--will benefit from a standardized modern romanization of such languages as Mongolian.

Imperial China 900-1800 represents the distillation of a lifetime's study by a senior scholar steeped in Chinese history, yet it incorporates recent archaeological discoveries and is up to date, even radical, in its concepts. The author has the stature and confidence to avoid compulsive footnoting without losing credibility, which assists the easy unfolding of the book's narrative and analysis. This excellent work will stimulate the general reader and be an extremely useful text for the next generation of students of Chinese history. --John Stevenson

Review

A personal meditation on the later imperial history of China by an author who has studied and taught the subject all his life and whose knowledge of it is truly formidable. It is written in a readable, accessible style that attracts the reader's sustained attention. (John W. Dardess University of Kansas )

A major contribution to our present literature on the general historiography of late Imperial China. Not only is it eminently accessible to a wide nonspecialized intellectual public, it also provides a major corrective within the field to some of the tendencies that have dominated the writing of Chinese history. Mote has highly cogent things to say about the nature of what has been called the 'gentry' in China and highly relevant questions to raise about the notion of a demographic explosion in eighteenth-century China, and he examines many of the prevailing abstract conceptions that dominate the field. Yet he vividly demonstrates how limited our effort has been to explore in depth the vast documentary materials available to us, which are supposed to provide the 'empirical data' for our models, paradigms, and structural theories. Mote's major contribution is his detailed account of the growing complexity of relations between the Chinese state and the surrounding East Asian world during the period 900-1800. (Benjamin I. Schwartz Haravrd University )

This massive tome crowns the long, distinguished career of Frederick Mote, an influential scholar of Late Imperial China in the United States... He does a wonderful job of reconstructing the history of such historically neglected regimes as Khitan-Liao, Jurchen-Jin, and Tangut-Western Xia, from the perspective of the Other. What I find most praiseworthy is the lucid, elegant expository style of writing...The book is likely to leave a profound and lasting impact on the reader in areas it focuses on, which will in turn help him or her better understand a given period of Late Imperial China from a long-term perspective. (Victor Cunrui Xiong Chinese Historical Review )

An outstanding feature that distinguishes this book from similar works is the author's effort to readdress the imbalance in traditional historiography with its lopsided focus on the political and geographic center of the realm. He does a wonderful job of reconstructing the history of such historically neglected regimes as Khitan-Liao, Jurchen-Jin, and Tangut-Western Xia, from the perspective of the Other...What I find most praiseworthy is the lucid, elegant expository style of writing. In spite of the wealth of knowledge the author clearly possesses about traditional China, he chooses to cover in depth a select number of topics--personages, events, institutions, etc.--in a language that is understandable to the average man in the street, without relying on opaque verbosity. Consequently, the book is likely to leave a profound and lasting impact on the reader in areas it focuses on. (Victor Cunrui Xiong Chinese Historical Review )

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 1128 pages
  • Publisher: Harvard University Press (February 9, 2000)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0674445155
  • ISBN-13: 978-0674445154
  • Product Dimensions: 10.4 x 6.7 x 2.2 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 3.9 pounds
  • Average Customer Review: 4.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (10 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,309,345 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Average Customer Review
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31 of 31 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Superb tour de force and work of a lifetime, June 9, 2002
By A Customer
This review is from: Imperial China 900-1800 (Hardcover)
In an earlier generation, the one-volume textbook East Asia: Tradition and Transformation, by John K. Fairbank, Edwin O. Reischauer, and Albert M. Craig, considerably reduced from the original two-volume version, unwittingly left many students with the impression that the history of premodern East Asia, and especially China, could be categorized meaningfully as "traditional." Such a misrepresentation may have held some appeal for students of twentieth-century China who wanted to regard China of the Qing dynasty as an incarnation of unchanging essentials of traditional society, a foil against which the dynamism of revolutionary China could be viewed. That perspective could find generous reinforcement from China itself where the official historiography of the People's Republic classified the entire span of the imperial era as a feudal stage of historical evolution. Imperial China 900-1800 is an antidote to the toxin of such erroneous conceptions; it traces nine hundred years of profound changes that precede d the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Why the period 900 to 1800? Mote tells us in the Preface that these dates defined his teaching field at Princeton; early portions of the book incorporate accounts he wrote years ago for use by students in his classes. Superficially, the rounded Western dates, 900 and 1800, are close to real events in Chinese history--the end of the Tang in 907 and the death of the Qianlong emperor in 1799--but the true rationale lies at a deeper level than those events. Mote argues that these nine centuries constitute a coherent period, later imperial China, characterized by the intensified interaction of Inner Asian peoples with agricultural China, the evolution of an East Asian system of interstate relations based on Chinese ritual forms, the centralization of imperial power, increased trade, population growth, and the emergence of a new class of civil bureaucrats, facilitated by the invention of printing and connected to the scholarly developments we refer to as Neo-Confucianism. All of this contributed to the maturation of Chinese high culture, what Mote calls "China's timeless achievement".

Mote is passionate about the value of Chinese high culture and insistent that knowledge of traditional life and learning are necessary to anyone who would seek to understand China's modern history. His own knowledge of Chinese high culture is both personal and scholarly. He lived and studied in China before 1950 with teachers and fellow students who shared a knowledge of the literary heritage and who embodied the old customs in their daily lives. After 1950 high culture ceased to play the guiding role it had in earlier centuries, and the destructive forces of revolutionary change estranged younger generations from a consciousness of the historical past. In Imperial China Mote seeks to condense an overview of the field he taught for half a century, infusing it with insights and judgements based on deep erudition and an extraordinary knowledge of the Chinese written record.

Imperial China is intended as a textbook. It is handsomely produced by Harvard University Press in a hefty volume of 973 pages of text. Black-and-white reproductions from Chinese paintings grace the title page and the beginnings of the five sections; nine charts and twenty-two maps appear at strategic points in the text. Even though, thanks to what must have been a substantial subsidy, the book is priced to be within reach of student budgets, it is hard to imagine that many undergraduates, even at the best schools, will be induced to buy and read a work of this size and complexity. There cannot be many schools that offer courses devoted to this segment of China's history, and the book is too big to be used as a supplementary reading in a more general survey of the history of China or East Asia. Individual chapters or sections might be placed on reserve as background reading in advanced courses, but such assignments are increasingly resisted or ignored by students. The real audience for Imperial China, I suspect, will be graduate students preparing for field examinations in Chinese history and faculty writing lectures.

Space does not allow an exploration of all the riches of this great work. The account of the Ming dynasty alone covers more than three hundred pages. It is the longest single-author history of the dynasty written in English by one of the foremost authorities on the subject and deserves a separate review by itself. Imperial China, 900-1800 is a monumental contribution to our understanding of premodern Chinese history. Students and scholars will want to have this volume on their shelves.

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43 of 45 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Rare, authoritative review of a great span in China's histor, March 8, 2000
This review is from: Imperial China 900-1800 (Hardcover)
F. W. Mote, Professor Emeritus at Princeton University, has produced by far one of the most comprehensive and authoritative renditions on Chinese history ever published in English. What makes this book so great is that it combines many disparate texts (often in Chinese) into one comprehensive, chronological volume that is accessible to everyone with but a modest interest in Chinese history. It is hard to find other more complete works in English on such a vast and eventful span of China's history.
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12 of 12 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars I agree with "a reader', March 28, 2005
By 
This review is from: Imperial China 900-1800 (Hardcover)
About 30 years ago, I married a cute guy who happens to have been born in (mainland) China. So we had these two kids, but really I never thought about Chinese civilization until #1 child (a girl) decided to teach English there. So, being a good mom and all, I bought Mote's book, figuring it was high time to learn a bit about this corner of the world. !!!!!!!! Well, Dr. Mote is a wonderful storyteller with the uncanny ability to explain a whole civilization to ignorant me, teaching respect for one of humankind's greatest achievements -- a civil society mature enough to run along while its government messed up. Of course, as a modern Western woman, I can see room for improvement here and there, but I am happy to claim the role of Dr. Mote's #1 groupie!! Wow, what a book!!!!
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