This is a study of the religious ideas and motivation of the laymen who fought in the First Crusade (1095-1101). Marcus Bull argues that the laity's crusading zeal cannot be understood simply as a reflection of the preoccupations of educated ecclesiastics. His scholarly and sophisticated analysis shows that elements traditionally regarded as central to the crusade's origins--the Peace of God movement and the Spanish Reconquest--were in fact of minimal significance. Through a study of three regions in southwestern France, Bull uncovers the true dynamic of crusade enthusiasm: the beliefs and practices of pious laymen in intimate contact with local religious communities. He shows that the crusade was an expression of everyday, but genuine, piety.
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Book Description
Editorial Reviews
Review
'Intriguing new study ... This is a book full of interest for the student of south-west France and monasticism.' Times Literary Supplement
'... this is a thoroughly researched book, which displays a judicious approach to the assessment of evidence; and it serves to underline the value of localized study for the further understanding of crusading.' Early Medieval Europe '94
'This intelligent and cogently argued study is a major contribution to crusading history. Bull's criticisms of the prevailing views about the origins of crusade ideology are telling, while he proposes an attractive and plausible explanatory alternative to replace the Erdmann thesis.' James A. Brundage, University of Kansas, The International History Review, XVI, 2: May 1994
`This book is a notable contribution both to the literature of the crusades and to French regional studies. While, moreover, the author uses a wide range of sources, including xhronicles, hagiography and conciliar edecrees, the main weight of this study is borne by charter evidence, and it is a model of the way in which such material can be used to illuminate religious motivation and sentiment...a fine example of the recent tendency among medieval historians to take seriously spiritual values, whether or not they personally subscribe to any religious belief.' Medium Aevum LXIV.2
`a valuable addition to the growing literature concerned with the western roots of the crusading movement. It is well-written, thoughtful and provocative throughout, but it is not possible to do full justice to its qualities in a short review.' EHR
`Reveals the true dynamic of crusade enthusiasm: the beliefs and practices of pious laymen in intimate contact with local religious communities.' The Medieval World
`This carefully written book is not only a significant addition to crusading research, it is also an important contribution to the growing body of studies in mediecal popular religion, or in the histoire des mentalites.' Rezensionen
`he has made an in-depth study of the religious attitudes of knights in the Limousin nad Gascony...Bull's scholarship is exemplary. His work is based on a detailed examination of a very wide range of local records, and his use of them is remarkably judicious...This book makes a really important contribution to our understanding of the motivation of crusaders.' The Heythrop Journal
`This book is a notable contribution both to the literature of the crusades and to French regional studies. While, moreover, the author uses a wide range of sources, including chronicles, hagiography and conciliar edecrees, the main weight of this study is borne by charter evidence, and it is a model of the way in which such material can be used to illuminate religious motivation and sentiment...a fine example of the recent tendency among medieval historians to take seriously spiritual values, whether or not they personally subscribe to any religious belief.' Medium Aevum LXIV.2
`unusual because of the measured tone which its author adopts throughout ... He is cautious and scholarly in his use of evidence: his judgment is sound and his main arguments convincing. This is a work of academic substance.' Bernard Hamilton, University of Nottingham, Nottingham Medieval Sudies XL (1996)
'... this is a thoroughly researched book, which displays a judicious approach to the assessment of evidence; and it serves to underline the value of localized study for the further understanding of crusading.' Early Medieval Europe '94
'This intelligent and cogently argued study is a major contribution to crusading history. Bull's criticisms of the prevailing views about the origins of crusade ideology are telling, while he proposes an attractive and plausible explanatory alternative to replace the Erdmann thesis.' James A. Brundage, University of Kansas, The International History Review, XVI, 2: May 1994
`This book is a notable contribution both to the literature of the crusades and to French regional studies. While, moreover, the author uses a wide range of sources, including xhronicles, hagiography and conciliar edecrees, the main weight of this study is borne by charter evidence, and it is a model of the way in which such material can be used to illuminate religious motivation and sentiment...a fine example of the recent tendency among medieval historians to take seriously spiritual values, whether or not they personally subscribe to any religious belief.' Medium Aevum LXIV.2
`a valuable addition to the growing literature concerned with the western roots of the crusading movement. It is well-written, thoughtful and provocative throughout, but it is not possible to do full justice to its qualities in a short review.' EHR
`Reveals the true dynamic of crusade enthusiasm: the beliefs and practices of pious laymen in intimate contact with local religious communities.' The Medieval World
`This carefully written book is not only a significant addition to crusading research, it is also an important contribution to the growing body of studies in mediecal popular religion, or in the histoire des mentalites.' Rezensionen
`he has made an in-depth study of the religious attitudes of knights in the Limousin nad Gascony...Bull's scholarship is exemplary. His work is based on a detailed examination of a very wide range of local records, and his use of them is remarkably judicious...This book makes a really important contribution to our understanding of the motivation of crusaders.' The Heythrop Journal
`This book is a notable contribution both to the literature of the crusades and to French regional studies. While, moreover, the author uses a wide range of sources, including chronicles, hagiography and conciliar edecrees, the main weight of this study is borne by charter evidence, and it is a model of the way in which such material can be used to illuminate religious motivation and sentiment...a fine example of the recent tendency among medieval historians to take seriously spiritual values, whether or not they personally subscribe to any religious belief.' Medium Aevum LXIV.2
`unusual because of the measured tone which its author adopts throughout ... He is cautious and scholarly in his use of evidence: his judgment is sound and his main arguments convincing. This is a work of academic substance.' Bernard Hamilton, University of Nottingham, Nottingham Medieval Sudies XL (1996)
About the Author
Marcus Bull, Lecturer in History, University of Bristol.
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