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Knocking on Heaven's Door: How Physics and Scientific Thinking Illuminate the Universe and the Modern World [Hardcover]

Lisa Randall
4.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (145 customer reviews)

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Book Description

September 20, 2011

“Science has a battle for hearts and minds on its hands….How good it feels to have Lisa Randall’s unusual blend of top flight science, clarity, and charm on our side.”
—Richard Dawkins

“Dazzling ideas….Read this book today to understand the science of tomorrow.”
—Steven Pinker

The bestselling author of Warped Passages, one of Time magazine’s “100 Most Influential People in the World,” and one of Esquire’s “75 Most Influential People of the 21st Century,”  Lisa Randall gives us an exhilarating overview of the latest ideas in physics and offers a rousing defense of the role of science in our lives. Featuring fascinating insights into our scientific future born from the author’s provocative conversations with Nate Silver, David Chang, and Scott Derrickson, Knocking on Heaven’s Door is eminently readable, one of the most important popular science books of this or any year. It is a necessary volume for all who admire the work of Stephen Hawking, Michio Kaku, Brian Greene, Simon Singh, and Carl Sagan; for anyone curious about the workings and aims of the Large Hadron Collider, the biggest and most expensive machine ever built by mankind; for those who firmly believe in the importance of science and rational thought; and for anyone interested in how the Universe began…and how it might ultimately end.


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Knocking on Heaven's Door: How Physics and Scientific Thinking Illuminate the Universe and the Modern World + Warped Passages: Unraveling the Mysteries of the Universe's Hidden Dimensions
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Editorial Reviews

Review

“Written with dry wit and ice-cool clarity. A book anyone at all interested in science must read. Surely the science book of the year.” (Sunday Times (London) )

“Startlingly honest [and] beautifully written. . . . Randall’s calm authority and clarity of explanation are exemplary. . . . Like being taken behind the curtain in Oz and given a full tour by the wizard.” (New Scientist )

“[Randall is] one of the more original theorists at work in the profession today. . . . She gives a fine analysis of the affinity between scientific and artistic beauty, comparing the broken symmetries of a Richard Serra sculpture to those at the core of the Standard Model.” (New York Times Book Review )

“[A] whip-smart inquiry into the scientific work being conducted in particle physics. . . . [Randall] brings a thrumming enthusiasm to the topic, but she is unhurried and wryly humorous. . . . [Knocking on Heaven’s Door] dazzles like the stars.” (Kirkus Reviews (starred review) )

“The general reader’s indispensable passport to the frontiers of science.” (Booklist (starred review) )

“[Randall’s] eloquent book details the trials and tribulations of the [Large Hadron Collider], from conception to implementation, and takes us on a grand tour of the underlying science.” (Nature )

“Offers the reader a glimpse of the future. . . . An enlightening and exciting read.” (San Francisco Book Review )

“Valuable and engaging. . . . Randall’s generous cornucopia of ideas, her engaging style, and above all her deep excitement about physics make this a book that deserves a wide readership.” (American Scientist )

“Full of passion and jaw-dropping facts. . . . A fascinating account of modern particle physics, both theoretical and practical.” (The Independent on Sunday )

“Beautifully written. . . . An impressive overview of what scientists (of any kind) get up to, how they work and why science is an inherently creative endeavor.” (Times Higher Education (London) )

“Randall’s witty, accessible discussion reveals the effort and wonder at hand as scientists strive to learn who we are and where we came from.” (Publishers Weekly )

“Randall manages to transform . . . experiments at distant and unfamiliar scales into crucial acts in a cosmic drama.” (Daily Beast )

“An exciting read about the very edge of modern science. . . . [Knocking on Heaven’s Door] inspires a sense of awe, appreciation and excitement for what the future holds.” (Daily Texan )

“Very accessible, readable, and appealing to a broad audience. . . . Randall’s passion and excitement for science and physics is infectious and welcome in our digital age.” (New York Journal of Books )

“Lisa Randall has written Knocking on Heaven’s Door in the same witty, informal style with which she explains physics in person, making complex ideas fascinating and easy to understand. Her book . . . just might make you think differently—and encourage you to make smarter decisions about the world.” (President Bill Clinton )

“A deep and deeply wonderful explanation of how science—and the rest of the known universe—actually works.” (Daniel Gilbert, author of Stumbling on Happiness )

“Lisa Randall is the rarest rarity—a theoretical physics genius who can write and talk to the rest of us in ways we both understand and enjoy. This book takes nonspecialists as close as they’ll ever get to the inner workings of the cosmos.” (Lawrence H. Summers, President Emeritus of Harvard University )

“Science has a battle for hearts and minds on its hands: a battle on two fronts—against superstition and ignorance on one flank, and against pseudo-intellectual obscurantism on the other. How good it feels to have Lisa Randall’s unusual blend of top flight science, clarity, and charm on our side.” (Richard Dawkins, author of The Selfish Gene and The God Delusion )

“Randall’s lucid explanations of . . . the frontiers of physics-including her own dazzling ideas-are highly illuminating, and her hearty defense of reason and science is a welcome contribution. . . . Read this book today to understand the science of tomorrow.” (Steven Pinker, author of How the Mind Works and The Stuff of Thought )

“Lisa Randall does a great job of explaining to the non-physicist the basic science approaches of modern physics and what the latest experiments might reveal. . . . This is a must read to appreciate what is coming in our future.” (J. Craig Venter, sequencer of the human genome and developer of the first synthetic life )

“I didn’t think it was possible to write a complex, detailed look at the world of physics that the non-scientist could understand, but then Lisa Randall wrote this amazing, insightful, and engaging book and proved me wrong.” (Carlton Cuse, award–winning producer and writer of Lost )

From the Back Cover

From one of Time magazine’s 100 most influential people in the world, a rousing defense of the role of science in our lives

The latest developments in physics have the potential to radically revise our understanding of the world: its makeup, its evolution, and the fundamental forces that drive its operation. Knocking on Heaven’s Door is an exhilarating and accessible overview of these developments and an impassioned argument for the significance of science.

There could be no better guide than Lisa Randall. The bestselling author of Warped Passages is an expert in both particle physics (the study of the smallest objects we know of) and cosmology (the study of the largest). In Knocking on Heaven’s Door, she explores how we decide which scientific questions to study and how we go about answering them. She examines the role of risk, creativity, uncertainty, beauty, and truth in scientific thinking through provocative conversations with leading figures in other fields (such as the chef David Chang, the forecaster Nate Silver, and the screenwriter Scott Derrickson), and she explains with wit and clarity the latest ideas in physics and cosmology. Randall describes the nature and goals of the largest machine ever built: the Large Hadron Collider, the enormous particle accelerator below the border of France and Switzerland—as well as recent ideas underlying cosmology and current dark matter experiments.

The most sweeping and exciting science book in years, Knocking on Heaven’s Door makes clear the biggest scientific questions we face and reveals how answering them could ultimately tell us who we are and where we came from.


Product Details

  • Hardcover: 464 pages
  • Publisher: Ecco; First Edition edition (September 20, 2011)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 9780061723728
  • ISBN-13: 978-0061723728
  • ASIN: 006172372X
  • Product Dimensions: 9.1 x 6.3 x 1.6 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.4 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 4.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (145 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #80,840 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

More About the Author

Lisa Randall is Professor of Physics at Harvard University. She is one of today's most influential and highly cited theoretical physicists, and has received numerous awards and honors for her contributions. Her work has been featured in Time magazine, the New York Times, Rolling Stone, Esquire, Vogue, the Economist, Scientific American, and elsewhere. Randall is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the American Physical Society, and is the recipient of several honorary degrees. When not solving the problems of the universe, she can be found rock climbing, skiing, or contributing to art-science connections. Hypermusic Prologue, a small opera for which she wrote the libretto, premiered in the Pompidou Center in 2009, and Measure for Measure, an art exhibit she co-curated, opened in Los Angeles in 2010.

Customer Reviews

Most Helpful Customer Reviews
302 of 328 people found the following review helpful
Format:Hardcover|Amazon Vine™ Review (What's this?)
The last few years have seen a proliferation of popular physics books aimed at explaining the mysteries of modern physics to the layman. This is a worthy endeavor and Lisa Randall is one of its leading expositors. This book is really two books in one. The first part is a clear and spirited discussion of particle physics and cosmology. The second part is an equally clear meditation on the nature of the scientific method and the value of science and reason.

Randall especially shines in explaining the real everyday science (as opposed to just the philosophy) behind frontier research in physics. Thus, she spends a sizable amount of time explaining some of the less emphasized practical aspects of the science like errors and uncertainty in measurements, risk factors, "effective theories" (theories applicable at particular scales) and statistics. She provides a readable treatment of the Standard Model of particle physics and emphasizes why finding the Higgs boson is so important. In addition she has what I think is one of the clearest accounts of the structure and function of the LHC in Geneva. In the part about cosmology, she discusses in detail the riddle of dark matter and dark energy and what the latest telescopes and satellites might tell us about the birth and structure of the universe.

The second half of the book presents a robust defense of science and reason as well as some thoughts on the connections between beauty, creativity and science. Randall understands that while mathematical beauty may be a guiding principle for theoretical physics, ultimately beauty is subjective and the only true test of a theory is a clear connection to experiment. Earlier in the book she traces the development of modern science from the seventeenth century, especially emphasizing Galileo's life and his pioneering work in exploring nature through indirect measurements which ever since have been at the heart of scientific investigation. She also touches on the science-religion debate but does not explore it in great detail; she concludes this section by admitting that if you are a religious scientist, you have to at least accept a disconnect in your mind between the very different worlds of science and faith.

In general the book is very well written and Randall's passion for science shines through. The reason I gave it three and a half stars is that it says very little that's new. Randall's discussions of particle physics, cosmology, the LHC and the value of scientific thinking have been explored in great detail by other writers and scientists. In the past few years, Brian Greene, Stephen Hawking, Richard Panek, Ian Sample and John Barrow to name but a few authors have repeatedly treated us to treatments of the Big Bang, particle accelerators, neutrino astronomy, quantum theory, string theory and multiple universes. Is there really a need for yet another book on these topics for the layman, no matter how skillfully written? Plus, while Randall's explanations are reasonably clear, some of these other authors write much more clearly and present cleverer analogies to illustrate the concepts. In my opinion, Randall's book is emblematic of the state of the popular physics literature which seems to have reached a point of diminishing returns; it's become really hard to write a truly new book on the topic without recycling known facts and anecdotes or pitching highly speculative ideas.

On the other hand, there have been a few popular physics books published during the same period that have actually tried to present novel and original work. Examples of genuinely interesting and new thinking would include critiques of string theory by Lee Smolin and Peter Woit, Robert Laughlin's "A Different Universe", David Deutsch's "The Beginning of Infinity" and (while not entirely about physics), Stuart Kauffman's "Reinventing the Sacred". While these books are not all as clearly written as books by Randall, Greene or Hawking, they present fresh perspectives and novel thought-provoking ideas and not just accounts of known science. In my opinion, while books like Randall's do a good job of introducing audiences to contemporary physics concepts, these other authors have done a much better job of disseminating original, groundbreaking material. They deserve to be more widely read and emulated.
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134 of 146 people found the following review helpful
Format:Hardcover
Several string theorists such as Brian Greene or Leonard Susskind and cosmologists such as Alexander Vilenkin have written popular books about physics but as far as I know, Lisa Randall is the only popular writer among the "high-energy phenomenologists", i.e. the theoretical particle physicists who think about Nature from the viewpoint of phenomena that have been observed or that may be observed in a foreseeable future (mostly at the particle accelerators).

And we, the readers, have been especially fortunate because the book about physics from the viewpoint of phenomenologists wasn't written by a random phenomenologist but by one of the most prominent ones. In fact, Randall was identified as the most referred to particle physicist - among both women and men, just to be sure - in a recent 5-year period. She remains extremely active and influential.

Knocking on Heaven's Door has two basic goals. One of them is to introduce the reader to the cutting-edge research in particle physics which is dominated by the LHC experiment. Collisions of protons inside the 27-kilometer ring on the Swiss-French border have interrupted decades of theoretical dominance and relative experimental impotence (even though the book describes some smaller colliders or LHC predecessors, too). Randall who constantly interacts with the experimenters offers us an exciting story of the LHC collider from its conception to the first femtobarn of collisions.

We learn how it was built, what it is composed of, how it accelerates the particles nearly to the speed of light, how it observes the products of every collision (in the detectors such as CMS and ATLAS) and identifies the particles that are born in the collisions, and how the resulting huge amounts of data are being processed by computers and statistical techniques to learn something new. However, we also learn many things about the human factor: who are the people who work there, how they interact with each other, how they assure their colleagues that they're right, what they like to cook, how the Americans differ from the Europeans, and so on. I am not aware of a competing book written in plain English that could give you the feeling of being an LHC insider. And the book covers not only the colliders but also experiments trying to detect dark matter on Earth and many others.

But the book has another, grander goal which is nothing less than to clarify how scientists actually think. Philosophers would call these issues "gnoseology" or "epistemology" but the content of their thoughts would be less tangible. Instead, Randall talks about the actual strategies and issues that are important and misconceptions that the laymen often believe. One of the key methods to organize our knowledge is the concept of scale: different basic objects and "effective theories" describing their mutual interactions are being used for different sizes or, equivalently, different energies per particle. For a particle phenomenologist, and not only for her, the laws of physics resemble a giant onion. The laws relevant for longer scales may in principle be derived from those at shorter scales. But the former are independent of many details of the latter and it is often useful to think about them independently.

These initial chapters about scale are no random musings. They're the essential skeleton on which particle physics (phenomenology but not just phenomenology) organizes the insights from the experiments such as the LHC. A related question is what it means for our knowledge to expand. The book does a very good job in explaining that the theories we typically use are approximate and aware of their own limitations; on the other hand, it means that when new phenomena and better theories are found, the older theories are not completely eliminated.

Randall's book also talks about non-physicists (in many cases, famous people from all walks of life whom Randall has met or whom she knows very well), their way of looking at the physical phenomena, and what a physicist finds funny about this looking. One example is the relationship between science and religion: Randall, who is obviously an atheist, doesn't stay on the surface. She is not satisfied with claiming that "religious people are silly" which is what many other books do (with a great commercial success) but she also tries to find the core differences. One of the major lessons is that scientists are able to live and work with ignorance or uncertainty about a particular issue; in fact, they view it as a part of their knowledge (especially if they know rather accurately where their knowledge ends). This point is often misunderstood by other self-described atheists whose thinking is actually religious and dogmatic in character.

For another example, a chapter is dedicated to the LHC doomsday scenarios which assume (or attempt to "prove") that the collider will create a black hole or another lethal object that will devour our blue planet. The book explains several different levels of evidence we have to be sure that such a catastrophe won't happen.

I forgot to say that the book also covers theoretical models (which are the focus of her first book, Warped Passages) that are being tested by the LHC, including the models with supersymmetry and especially extra dimensions for which Randall (and Sundrum) became particularly famous. The Higgs boson gets its well-deserved chapter as well. Randall compares the phenomenological, bottom-up approach to physics with the top-down approach favored by string theorists.

To summarize, it is a book about some very exciting and specific experimental developments that are underway combined with all the infrastructure one needs to place these experiments into their proper place and to interpret them correctly. Highly recommended to everyone who doesn't want to lose touch with particle physics and any cutting-edge science as of 2011. Randall is a multi-dimensional personality and so is her book: but I am confident that most readers may find a lower-dimensional projection of the book that will enrich the way how they look at the world.
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60 of 74 people found the following review helpful
By User
Format:Hardcover
I am a working physicist, 30 years past my Ph. D., and I picked up this book thinking it would be interesting to learn about progress in particle physics and cosmology. I was very disappointed. The meat of the book is Chapters 16 and 17, where Prof. Randall finally gets to describing the theory behind the Higgs boson and other anticipated discoveries from the LHC. These are so poorly written it seems like her editor just figured, "no one will understand this, so why bother trying to make it readable." The sentence structure is convoluted to the point that, even with multiple readings, it's impossible to tell the point she's trying to make. She throws around terms like "weak charge" without ever bothering to explain whether this quantity is a weak version of the electric charge or an analogy of electric charge that conveys the weak force. She frequently makes reference to the Planck length, without ever saying what it is, where it comes from, or how to translate between distance and energy, which she uses interchangeably.

This weakness is illustrated by her explanation of the possible applicability of extra dimensions to explain the 16 orders-of-magnitude difference between gravity and the weak force, one of the few contributions she takes personal credit for. You could just say, "the forces are of different strengths" and leave it at that. Randall says, in essence, "Imagine gravity is 10^16 times stronger on another brane in another dimension, but that dimension is coupled to our world by an arbitrary coupling constant of 10^-16." This adds nothing of intellectual value to the field, but the buzzwords have been used, so it's time to schedule a book tour and let the accolades roll in.

Now, of course, there may be some actual content to her brane theory, but, my point is, you won't find it in the book, which is, therefore, a waste of time.

The balance of the book is devoted to a description of the design of the LHC (which, as near as I can tell, is nothing more than a yet-bigger and more expensive synchrotron, an accelerator that hasn't had its fundamental design changed in 60 years) and a travelogue of her VIP tours of various physics sites and parties. I learned a lot more from "The 4 percent universe: dark matter, dark energy, and the race to discover the rest of reality" by Richard Panek. He focuses only on cosmology, but does a reasonable job making his material clear.

Skip it.
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Most Recent Customer Reviews
4.0 out of 5 stars Watch out; this lady is doing science!
Knocking on Heaven's door is an approachable and fascinating book about science, the Large Hadron Collider, politics and funding, religion, candidates for a general field theory,... Read more
Published 1 month ago by Glenda Boozer
3.0 out of 5 stars Cute, but really for beginners
If you were totally new to the scientific revolution that create computers and telescopes and cell phones and the automobile, this would be an excellent book for you. Read more
Published 1 month ago by Michigoon
3.0 out of 5 stars Disappointed
It's a subject matter that is quite interesting but the treatment was just not exciting. The author is incredibly knowledgeable but provides too much detail without truly getting... Read more
Published 1 month ago by Kay Mackenzie
3.0 out of 5 stars Good lecture, but no spark
As a layman, I really want to understand a bit about science, and sometimes read books to that end. I also want some wow factor, something that stops my breath with awe and wonder... Read more
Published 1 month ago by R. Larkin
4.0 out of 5 stars Lisa Randall, Knocking on Heaven's Door
I enjoy reading books by intelligent physicists, and Randall's book easily fits into that category. The marvelous discoveries of physics help us better understand the world /... Read more
Published 1 month ago by Cookeville Reviewer
4.0 out of 5 stars Not only knocking on the door but opening it.
For the lay person who has some interest in the workings of the universe, this book tell everything, in a simple way, easy to understand and digest.
Published 2 months ago by Fernando Plazaola
5.0 out of 5 stars The Higgs - We got the Higgs!!
One of the most fascinating books I have read in ages. At the time of publication, we were thaaaat close. OK, Lisa time for a sequel. I get the first signed copy!
Published 2 months ago by Rick Carpenter
5.0 out of 5 stars Great title says it all
Wonderful explanation of scientific development to this time and where we are in terms of our understanding of the universe and its composition. Read more
Published 2 months ago by Richard J Watson
5.0 out of 5 stars Best Physics book I have found in years
an easy read for the layman. Told in a way that is easy to understand. It opens the mind of the reader to the world of sub atomic particles in a way that no other book I have come... Read more
Published 3 months ago by Arthur K. Tidwell
4.0 out of 5 stars LHC Primer
Good book for the non-physicist to understand the latest in research on the cosmos and an understanding of the LHC status.
Published 3 months ago by R. Suydam
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