One-hundred years ago, Einstein solved the elemental mystery of the nature of light: it is both an electromagnetic wave and a stream of particles. It is a form of energy that moves at a speed of 299.792.458 m/s. It is a medium like no other, and nothing has revolutionized and democratized our world in the way that the control of electric light has.~We live in cities and gardens of light. For almost a century, artists have been working with light bulbs, fluorescent and neon, spotlights or LEDs, to cultivate these gardens.
Light Art. Artificial Light offers a broad overview of the development of this genre, from the pioneers of light art in the 1920s to the immersive, interactive environments of ZERO, GRAV, Gruppo T and Gruppo N. Outstanding contemporary pieces, fascinating, profound illuminated spheres, ironic cross-references and plays of filigreed light complete this glowing spectrum of work. Featured artists include Vito Acconci, Olafur Eliasson, Tracey Emin, Dan Flavin, Zaha Hadid, Jenny Holzer, Mike Kelley, Julio Le Parc, Mario Merz, László Moholy-Nagy, Bruce Nauman, Jorge Pardo, Tobias Rehberger, Anselm Reyle, Jason Rhoades, Keith Sonnier, Yves Tinguely, James Turrell and Chen Zhen.
Tracey Emin was born in London in 1963. She has become one of the most important British contemporary artists, renowned for her deeply autobiographical artworks. In her solo exhibition
I Need Art Like I Need God at the South London Gallery, 1997, Emin proved her ability to challenge what art is and presented an intimate insight to her life with the work 'Everyone I Have Ever Slept With'. Since then, Emin has had group and solo shows worldwide, including at the Tate Gallery, London; Lehmann Maupin, New York; Modern Art Oxford; Ferragmo Gallery, New York, and White Cube, London. Emin lives and works in London.
Vito Acconci was born in the Bronx, New York, in 1940. Among the many public institutions that have hosted solo exhibitions of his work in the United States are the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art; the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, and The Museum of Modern Art, New York. He has taught at Cooper Union, Parsons School of Design and Yale University.
John Armleder was born in Geneva, 1948. Besides many solo exhibitions, his work, which includes videos, paintings, installations, and performances, have been presented in international events such as the Venice Biennial (1986) and
Open Ends at the Museum of Modern Art, New York (2000). He has lived in both Geneva and New York.
Olafur Eliasson was born in Copenhagen in 1967 to Icelandic parents. He studied at the Royal Danish Academy of Art, and now lives and works in Berlin. He says of his site-specific work that iinstalling it elsewhere is possible but then it is an other piece for me.i Nevertheless, his work is represented in public and private collections including those of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum; the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles; and the Deste Foundation, Athens. Venues for his solo shows have included the Menil Collection; the Danish Pavilion at the 2003 Venice Biennale, The Museum of Modern Art, New York; and the Tate Gallery.
Sylvie Fleury was born in 1961, in Geneva, where she still lives.
Karl Gerstner was born in Switzerland in 1930. His work has been exhibited in museums and publications throughout the world. He was the subject of a 1973 exhibition at The Museum of Modern Art in New York dedicated to the method and philosophy of his work and entitled think program. He has been nominated for the Art Directors' Club of New York's Hall of Fame and was made an honorary member of the Art Directors' Club of Germany in 1992.
Carsten Holler was born in Brussels in 1961. He is perhaps best known for his sculpture
Valerio II, executed in 1998 for the Berlin Biennale.
Jenny Holzer was born in 1950 in Gallipolis, Ohio. She first came to prominence in New York in the late 70s and early 80s. Among other awards she has received, Holzer in 1990 became the first woman to ever win the Leone d'Oro at the Venice Biennale. Her work has been exhibited in most every major museum around the world, and she has created installations for public and private sites including the Reichstag and the Times Square Spectacolor billboard in New York.
Mike Kelley, one of the most controversial, prolific and influential figures in contemporary art, was born in 1954 in Detroit, Michigan, and earned a Bachelors degree from the University of Michigan and a Masters from California Institute of the Arts. His work, often wickedly humorous and drawing on both high art and the vernacular with distinctively American iconography, ranges across media such as drawing, painting, sculpture, music, performance, writing and video projects, the last often in collaboration with artists such as Paul McCarthy, Raymond Pettibon and Tony Oursler. In 1993, The Whitney Museum of American Art held a major retrospective of his work. He lives in Los Angeles, and is a member of the graduate faculty at Art Center College of Design, Pasadena.
Martin Kippenberger was born in Dortmund, Germany, in 1953, to a mine director and a dermatologist. He showed artistic talent, and independence, at at early age, boycotting art classes in elementary school after a teacher gave him only the second highest grade. Since then his work has been exhibited at museums and galleries worldwide, including the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, D.C., the Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris, and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Until his death in 1997, he lived and worked in Austria.
Mario Merz was born in Milan in 1925 and is one of the leading exponents of the Arte Povera movement.
Born in 1941 in Fort Wayne, Indiana,
Bruce Nauman has been recognized since the early 1970s as one of the most innovative and provocative of America's contemporary artists. Nauman finds inspiration in the activities, speech, and materials of everyday life. Confronted with 'What to do' in his studio soon after graduating from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, in 1964 with a BFA, and then the University of California, Davis in 1966 with an MFA, Nauman had the simple but profound realization that "if I was an artist and I was in the studio, then whatever I was doing in the studio must be art. At this point art became more of an activity and less of a product." Working in the diverse mediums of sculpture, video, film, printmaking, performance, and installation, Nauman concentrates less on the development of a characteristic style and more on the way in which a process or activity can transform or become a work of art. A survey of his diverse output demonstrates the alternately political, prosaic, spiritual, and crass methods by which Nauman examines life in all its gory details, mapping the human arc between life and death. The text from an early neon work proclaims: "The true artist helps the world by revealing mystic truths." Whether or not we--or even Nauman--agree with this statement, the underlying subtext of the piece emphasizes the way in which the audience, artist and culture at large are involved in the resonance a work of art will ultimately have. Nauman lives in New Mexico.
Jason Rhoades was born in Newcastle, California, in 1965, and studied at the San Francisco Institute of the Arts and the University of California at Los Angeles, where he received his MFA. Since the early 1990s his work has been exhibited at the 1995 and 1997 Whitney Biennials, the 1997 and 1999 Venice Biennials, the Museum of Contemporary Art, Miami, the Kunstmuseum Bonn, Germany, and the Watari Museum of Contemporary Art, Tokyo, among many other international galleries and museums.
James Turrell is one of the founders of the California light and space art movement of the late 1960s and early 70s.
"Exhibitions: Sprengel Museum/Hannover/August-May, 2000; Dusseldorf/Kunstsammlung Nordhein-Westfalen/November 2000-February 2001; Munich/Haus der Kunst/March-May, 2001"
Zaha Hadid, born in Baghdad, Iraq, in 1950, began her study of architecture in 1972 at the Architectural Association (AA) in London, and was awarded the Diploma Prize in 1977. She then joined the Office of Metropolitan Architectur, began teaching at the AA with Rem Koolhaus and Eliza Senghelis, and later led her own studio at the school. Her winning entry for The Peak Club, Hong Kong, in 1983 was followed by first-place awards in Berlin, Dusseldorf, Cardiff, London, Cincinnati, Rome, Salerno, Innsbruck, and Wolfsburg. Completed projects include the Fire Station and LF one in Weil am Rhein, Germany, and the Mind Zone at the Millenium Dome in London. Her most recent installations are Addressing the Century at the Hayward Gallery in London and stage sets for the Pet Shop Boys World Tour and the Charleroi Dance Company in Belgium. Hadid's office is currently working on a variety of projects: a contemporary art center in Rome, a ski jump in Innsbruck, a major bridge structure in Abu Dhabi, and a car park for the Strasbourg Tramway.