Lincoln and the Indians: CIVIL WAR POLICY AND POLITICS [Paperback]

David A. Nichols (Author)

Book Description

Publication Date: December 16, 1999

"Now available for the first time in paperback, "Lincoln and the Indians" remains the only thorough treatment of a much-neglected aspect of Lincoln's presidency. Placing Indian affairs in the broad context of Civil War politics and the settling of the West, David A. Nichols covers the Sioux War of 1862 in Minnesota, the forced removal of the Navahos from their homeland to the deadly concentration camp at Bosque Redondo, and the massacre of Cheyennes by volunteer troops at Sand Creek. He also examines Lincoln's inept handling of the Five Civilized Tribes in Indian Territory and the corrupt "Indian System" of government aid that mainly benefitted ambitious whites."

Editorial Reviews

Review

"[A] fine volume. The author makes his case with clear prose, impressive research, and thoughtful analysis that illuminates the historical process at its best. This excellent volume should be acquired by Illinoisans interested in the Lincoln Presidency and should be required by professors as supplemental reading for college students." -- Raymond E. Hauser, Journal of Illinois History "Undoubtedly the best book published on Indian affairs in the years of Lincoln's presidency." -- Henry E. Fritz, American Historical Review "[Nichols] does a superb job of probing the multiple factors and the complex interrelationship of events that produced Lincoln's Indian policy during the Civil War." -- American Indian Quarterly "Provocative and original... Nichols has given us a valuable study of a wretched side of the Lincoln era, one that specialists and generalists alike can no longer ignore." -- Stephen B. Oates, Journal of American History

Product Details

• Paperback: 232 pages
• Publisher: University of Illinois Press (December 16, 1999)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0252068572
• ISBN-13: 978-0252068577
• Product Dimensions: 8.9 x 6 x 0.7 inches
• Shipping Weight: 12 ounces
• Average Customer Review: 4.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (1 customer review)
• Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #215,982 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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17 of 22 people found the following review helpful:

4.0 out of 5 stars A Chapter in a History of Sadness, January 2, 2001

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This review is from: Lincoln and the Indians: CIVIL WAR POLICY AND POLITICS (Paperback)

This is a paperback reprint of a book published in 1978. The message today is as timely as it was then -- or, for that matter as it was during Civil War America. Professor Nichols book is a good overview of Indian policy during the Civil War-- an often overlooked part of the Lincoln story.

The book begins with an overview of the system of Indian administration as it had developed by 1860. It was dominated by the political spoils system and by corruption resulting from the power accorded to the Indian agents. As a master of the art of pragmatic politics, Lincoln used the system -- as he needed to do--to hold the Union together-resulting in tragedy for too many of our country's Indian wards.

The book discusses the Five Civilized Tribes of Oklahoma (then Indian territory) and their relationship to both the Union and the Confederacy. The story picks up focus, though, in the discussion of the Minnesota Sioux rebellion, the summary trials and capital sentences of over 300 Sioux Indians, and Lincoln's remission of the death sentence in all but 39 cases. Nichols tells this story well, perhaps giving Lincoln's actions less credit and less courage than they may deserve.

The book discusses Lincoln's attempts in 1862 to reform Indian policy, which were defeated by War exegencies and by Congressional inaction.He discusses a famous meeting held between Lincoln and the Indian chiefs in 1863 in the White House, again perhaps undervaluing Lincoln's intentions and the difficulties he faced.

He discusses the policy resulting from the Sioux war of concentrating the Indians under the control of the military with unsuccessful and inhumane results in Arizona and New Mexico. The book also includes an account of the too little known Sand Hill Massacre in Colorado in 1864.

The treatment of the American Indians does not constitute one of our nation's or of President Lincoln's prouder accomplishments. Professor Nichols is correct that this story deserves to be known as part of our history. The book ties Lincoln's treatment of the Indians to prevailing ideologies at the time involving a disprespect of cultural differences, to westward expansion, industrialization, the political patronage system, and, first and foresmost, the Civil War. Even Nichols appears to acknowledge that given the War, there was little that might have been done differently at the time in the way of systematic reform.

As is unfortunately the case with most histories of Indian affairs, it is easier, as Nichols does, to find a great deal of deserved fault than it is to develop answers, as he does not. This book is still worth reading as a good history of Indian affairs during the Civil War era.