76 of 81 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars
The story of the valiant princess, March 22, 2008
This review is from: Marie-Therese, Child of Terror: The Fate of Marie Antoinette's Daughter (Hardcover)
In the last decade or so, there seems to be have been an explosion of nonfiction books about the French monarchy, with a special emphasis on Marie-Antoinette. But with all of this focus on Marie-Antoinette, there was one glaring omission that really struck me. Namely, no one was really talking about the one surviving child of Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette -- their eldest daughter, Marie-Therese-Charlotte, Madame Royale.
Susan Nagel's biography finally gives a full picture to this story of a princess who went through tribulations that only a very few people could have survived. The early chapters deal with information that can be found in most histories about Marie-Antoinette and her marriage at the tender age of fourteen to the rather stolid and unattractive Louis-Auguste, the Dauphin (heir) to the throne of France. Both of them were rather uncertain of themselves, and very naive and didn't know very much about marriage. The result of that the relationship remained unconsummated for more than seven years, and was only resolved with the rather ribald advice of Marie-Antoinette's oldest brother, Emperor Joseph II.
And on December 19,1778, there was finally a Child of France born -- but not the son that everyone had been hoping and praying for. Instead, it was a daughter, who was named after her maternal grandmother, Empress Maria Theresa of Austria. Both parents were delighted by the arrival of a healthy child, and soon enough both of them were besotted by her. For the little girl, while her life was surrounded by governesses and ceremonial, it was also a world of untold luxury, and within a few years, she had several siblings to share it with. Louis-Joseph would die young, but Louis-Charles, the younger, was a strong, sturdy young boy. Sadly, a fourth child, Sophie, would die in infancy. Surviving paintings show Marie-Therese as a smiling, blonde child with large blue eyes, either gazing up at her mother in adoration, or holding the hand of her little brother. She was also very precocious, headstrong, and wasn't above speaking her mind when she wanted to. She was utterly devoted to her father, and clearly loved her mother, despite some rather unflattering comments.
But all of this changed in 1789, when unrest and continuing hardship caused the Parisians to revolt, and caused Louis XVI to grant some concessions and call a national parlement -- unfortunately for him and his family, it would prove to be not quite enough. The king and queen were already suffering from a profound loss: the death of their eldest son, Louis-Joseph, who literally wasted away, and only days later the mob marched on Versailles and demanded that the Royal family move to Paris. For Marie-Therese, just ten years old, it was the begining of a time of trauma and deprevation. The fragile truce between the King and people only lasted two years, when revolutionary forces led by the Duc d'Orleans called for the King to be put on trial -- and the family were imprisoned in the Tower Prison in Paris.
Marie-Therese saw her parents taken away and her younger brother removed to another cell. She was only left with her aunt Madame Elizabeth, who in turn was sent to the guillotine. Isolated, Marie-Therese hung onto the only thing she had left, her pride, and lived in silence, not uttering a word to her guards. She would occansionally hear the screams of her brother as his guards abused and tortured him. By the time that more moderate politicans came to power, Marie-Therese was a wan, fragile seventeen year old, and would be exchanged for French prisoners of war that the Austrians were holding.
And it is here that most of the stories end.
I always wondered just what had happened to her. But most histories have skipped over her, and so this book was a real eye-opener. It turns out that Marie-Therese was a strong willed young woman, and no mean politician herself. During Napoleon's reign she would move from country to country in Europe, remaining a strong voice for the restoration of monarchy in France, and would stare down Napoleon's troops in the city of Bordeaux, daring them to fire on her and the citizens under her protection. Even Napoleon was impressed by her, calling her the "only real man in the family."
But her marriage to her cousin, Louis-Antoine, the Duc d'Angouleme, was made out of duty, and it would remain a childless, rather bleak arrangement. Worst still, there would be wild rumours of her brother surviving and being smuggled out of the Tower, and each fresh sighting would bring both anguish and hope to Marie-Therese.
In uncovering this story, an even greater mystery arises -- for Susan Nagel's weaves in not just what happened to Marie-Therese, but also the possibility of Louis XVI fathering two illegitimate children. One son was acknowledged to be part of the Polignac family, but the other created one of the most romantic legends in Europe -- the Dark Countess. Even today some maintain that the Dark Countess was actually Marie-Therese, rendered an imbecile from her treatment during imprisonment, and switched with her half-sister.
As to the validity of that rumour, Nagel leaves a good deal of it to the reader to figure out. She does provide most of the recent discoveries as to what happened to Louis-Charles, and continues the story of the Bourbon claimants to the French throne. Along with the narrative, which holds together pretty well, if a trifle rushed here and there, she includes some fascinating tidbits about other royalties at the time, including the Romanovs, the Hapsburgs, and the Georgians in England. Several genealogies, a timeline, notes, a map showing Marie-Therese's travels around Europe, and a bibliography round out this biography.
Summing up, this is a must read for anyone interested in Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette. It's well-written, exciting, and has plenty for the reader to think about. Five solid stars, and one of the best non-fiction books that I have come across this year.
Highly recommended.
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17 of 18 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars
Detail Rich Biography, May 1, 2008
This review is from: Marie-Therese, Child of Terror: The Fate of Marie Antoinette's Daughter (Hardcover)
Marie Therese is the story of the only surviving child of Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI of France. Because of their tragic end on the guillotine, the royal couple is a favorite of biographers and historical novelists, and the first third of the book recounts the circumstances that led to their execution, the difference being that, in Marie Therese, we are looking at these events through the eyes of a young girl. The downward spiral that began with the storming of the Bastille and led to the Reign of Terror started when Marie Therese was only 11 years old. While at Versailles, "Madame Royal" was forced to hide from armed mobs screaming for her mother's blood and to step over the butchered bodies of servants.
Three years later, the king, queen, Marie Therese, and her brother, the Dauphin, Louis-Charles, are incarcerated in the Temple Prison in Paris, and the horrors begin: the execution of her parents, the prolonged torture of her little brother who would die of neglect, and her own imprisonment. When she is finally released 3-1/2 years later, she is allowed to join her mother's brother, Emperor Franz II, in Austria. However, "The Orphan of the Tower" is now a young woman of steely resolve and one who recognizes the importance of her role as a representative of the Bourbon dynasty in exile.
In the years following her release from prison, Marie Therese and her husband, the Duc D'Angouleme, live a peripatetic existence, finally ending up in England, where they watch the events unfolding in France. With Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo, the Bourbon dynasty is again restored. For the next 15 years, France will be Marie Therese's home until, once again, the French want to be rid of their king, Charles X.
Marie Therese is an exhaustive, highly detailed account of the life of Madame Royal, the French Revolution, and the complexities of European politics in the early 19th century. In addition to the great events in the lives of the royals, minutiae, such as travel itineraries, meals, the appearances of numerous pretenders to the throne, are recorded. At times, the inclusion of so many mundane details bogs down the book, but for anyone who ever wanted to know what happened to the only surviving child of Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI, they will have to wonder no longer.
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