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My Madness Saved Me: The Madness and Marriage of Virginia Woolf
 
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My Madness Saved Me: The Madness and Marriage of Virginia Woolf [Hardcover]

Thomas Szasz (Author)
5.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (3 customer reviews)

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Book Description

January 25, 2006

The vast literature on Virginia Woolf's life, work, and marriage falls into two groups. A large majority is certain that she was mentally ill, and a small minority is equally certain that she was not mentally ill but was misdiagnosed by psychiatrists. In this daring exploration of Woolf's life and work, Thomas Sas--famed for his radical critique of psychiatric concepts, coercions, and excuses--examines the evidence and rejects both views. Instead, he looks at how Virginia Woolf, as well as her husband Leonard, used the concept of madness and the profession of psychiatry to manage and manipulate their own and each other's lives.

Sas argues that Virginia Woolf was a victim neither of mental illness, nor psychiatry, nor her husband--three ways she is regularly portrayed. He finds her to be an intelligent and self-assertive person, a moral agent who used mental illness, psychiatry, and her husband to fashion for herself a life of her own choosing. This is not to impute to Virginia Woolf some sort of limitless freedom of the will, nor is it to deny that the cultural and social milieu in which she grew up and lived had a profound impact on her psyche and her sense of the life choices open to her. It is only to remind us of the primacy of Virginia Woolf as an active, goal-directed, moral agent, responsible equally for her madness-badness and her genius-creativity.

Do we explain achievement when we attribute it to the fictitious entity we call "genius"? Do we explain failure when we attribute it to the fictitious entity we call "madness"? Or do we deceive ourselves the same way that the person deceives himself when he attributes the easy ignition of hydrogen to its being "flammable"? Sas interprets Virginia Woolf's life and work as expressions of her character, and her character as the "product" of her free will. He offers this view as a corrective against the prevailing, ostensibly scientific view that attributes both her "madness" and her "genius" to biological-genetic causes. We tend to attribute exceptional achievement to genius, and exceptional failure to madness. Both, says Sas, are fictitious entities.

Thomas Sas is professor of psychiatry emeritus at the State University of New York Upstate Medical University in Syracuse, New York and adjunct scholar at the Cato Institute. His A Lexicon of Lunacy, Liberation by Oppression, Words to the Wise, and Faith in Freedom, are available from Transaction.



Editorial Reviews

Review

"Thomas Sas has created an extraordinary body of work, that continues to raise consequential challenges to the the prevailing myths of the culture of psychology." -- Tobias Wolff, PEN/Faulkner Award-winner, Stanford University

"As only he can, Thomas Sas summons forth the 'mad genius' image of Virginia Woolf as an emblem of the contradictions in our present Era of Psychopathology. Dr. Sas has now harnessed his caustic intellect to the task of scrutiniing socio-cultural constructions of Virginia Woolf's character, marriage and myriad moods. The result is a field guide to psychiatric absurdity, one peopled by the legendary Bloomsbury circle of intellectuals and their camarades in psychoanalysis, art, literature and publishing, who make up the multiple dimensions, some real, some less real, of Virginia's 'mental illness.' [In My Madness Saved Me] Sas delivers spirited vignettes about Virginia's own role in her series of 'breakdowns,' Leonard Woolf's ambiguous caretaking career and, of course, our society's need to use psychiatry as a form of social control." -- Eliabeth Ann Danto, Hunter College, City University of New York

"During the past century Virginia Woolf's "insanity" and the involvement of the Bloomsbury Group in the early manifestations of Freudian psychiatry assumed a distinctly mythic place in the annals of what was called Modern Literature. A rather swampy, not to say smelly, pedanticism grew up around it, involving the whole question of mental illnedd vis--vis artistic talent. Meanwhile a good number of us became cray ourselves. We knew that much of this was nonsense. But we had small success in combating it. Now, like a cool wind from the prairie Thomas Sas brings Tankee common sense and objectivity to dispel the romantic and emotional idiocy that beclouds this sector of our intellectual past. May I recommend this clear vision and cool reasonableness to all my fellow psychiatric survivors? This is a matter that should concern us all."-Hayden Carruth

"Thomas Sas wrote an interesting and timely book again! Another vehement criticism of the concept of mental illness is based on a historical example, the case history of Virginia Woolf. She was declared mentally ill in an early stage of her life and this label was used later by her environment and by herself whenever problems and conflicts emerged.

Sas brilliantly demonstrates that Virginia could never accept sex and marriage, but could not escape from the fate of a Victorian woman, despite her talent and creativity and had to be bound to a man she despised. She put an end to her life by a conscious and deliberate act, according to Sas, and not driven by the irrational motives of an illness.

Sas uses biographical sources and various reminiscences to reconstruct Virginia's mentality in an interesting way, his analysis might be of interest to literary critics, social historians and feminists as well as to laymen, who can read the book as a fascinating novel.

In the appendices of the book Sas refutes the mad genius hypothesis, widely held in the first half of the 20th century and points out again to the power struggle and labeling hidden in the mechanism of branding and handling somebody as a mentally ill.

This is an emancipating, brave writing again from Sas who is relentlessly fighting against oppression by psychiatry!" --Bla Buda, M.D., Ph.D., Psychiatrist, Psychotherapist (ECP), Director, National Institute of Addictology, Budapest, Hungary

"This is the first book in a long time to take on what Roger Poole calls the received version of Virginia Woolf's illness.' Sas agrees with Poole in claiming that Leonard Woolf was not the loving, nurturing husband he has been portrayed to be, but goes beyond him in asserting that Virginia Woolf made a conscious decision to play the role of madwoman throughout her life. In recogniing Woolf's suicide as a rational and legitimate response to her situation rather than evidence of madness, Sas has underlined weaknesses in the mythology of her so-called mental illness, which has long been used to explain her suicide. Clearly, it is not easy to prove the negative-that Virginia Woolf was not mad. But Sas's compelling monograph does just that."-Karen Levenback, author of Virginia Woolf and the Great War and former president of the International Virginia Woolf Society

"My Madness Saved Me is distinguished by illuminating, provocative insights that should not fall on deaf ears."--Leeta Taylor, ForeWord Magaine

"A tremendous gap in the literary world has existed for 65 years and Thomas Sas has filled it... Sas cogently and deftly debunks the myth that creativity and genius are inextricably linked to madness."--Dr. Abraham L. Halpern, MD, Psychiatric Times

"For anyone who can dare hear their received literary pieties challenged, the only suprise of [Sas's] catapult lobs onto the rose-tinted sepulchre of Virginia and Leonard Woolf's "marrage of true minds" is how often he hits his target... My Madness Saved Me is distinguished by illuminating, provocative insights that should not fall on deaf ears."--ForeWord Magaine

"Sas takes as his subject not the flawed logic and spurious science of psychiatry, but a specific famous individual human being as the focus of all the contradictions inherent in that impaired logic and that pseudo-science. For those of us who respect his work, this is a wlecome and long overdue departure.... This is Sas at his best. Read it, and enjoy!" -- Louis Wynne, Ph.D., Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry

"My Madness Saved Me is vintage Sas. his challenges to psychiatric orthodoxy remain undiminished. If mainstream psychiatry feels it can afford to marginalie Sas's views, that is because Sas has provided one of its most sustained and clearly articulated challenges, and that challenge has demanded a coherent response." --Tony O'Brien, RN, MPhil, University of Aukland

About the Author

Thomas Sas is professor of psychiatry emeritus at the State University of New York Upstate Medical University in Syracuse, New York and adjunct scholar at the Cato Institute, Washington, DC. He is a big figure in the anti-psychitary movement, a critic of the moral and scientific foundation of psychiatry, and a critic of medicine in society in the social control aspect. His numerous works include The Age of Madness, Ideology and Insanity: Essays on the Psychiatric Dehumaniation of Man, andCoercion as Cure: A Critical History of Psychiatry. 


Product Details

  • Hardcover: 169 pages
  • Publisher: Transaction Publishers (January 25, 2006)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0765803216
  • ISBN-13: 978-0765803214
  • Product Dimensions: 9.3 x 6.4 x 0.7 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 13.6 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 5.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (3 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,994,489 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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11 of 13 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars The Most Groundbreaking Book On Virginia Woolf Ever, March 15, 2006
This review is from: My Madness Saved Me: The Madness and Marriage of Virginia Woolf (Hardcover)
It is not easy to challenge scores of other estemmed authors having pinned-the-tale-on-the-donkey, so to speak, in labelling Virgina Woolf as a most seriously, mentally disturbed artistic genius. But with this brilliant work by Thomas Szasz [(Professor of Psychiatry Ermitus at the State Univ. of NY, and adjunct scholar at the Cato Institute (along with his many stellar books including: "Lexicon of Lunacy," "Liberation by Oppression," & "Faith in Freedom")] - he most convincingly in this book shatters everthing you have ever read about Virgina Woolf to free her at along last from all the "madness" labels about which she did not deserve; and most tragically contributed, if not was the cause of her suicide. A brave book that takes on the very essence of psychiatry as a "science" even in these so-called modern times. My profound regret is that the brilliant VW did not have this champion when she most certainly needed him most.
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14 of 18 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Madness Saves us from What?, April 15, 2006
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This review is from: My Madness Saved Me: The Madness and Marriage of Virginia Woolf (Hardcover)
In his brilliant new book Thomas Szasz scientifically debunks the mental illness label long attached to Virginia Woolf and other celebrated geniuses. He shows how this great writer, with her eyes wide open, chose a marriage that she knew would box her in emotionally. She mistakenly thought this box would keep her safe.

She married this particular man for the same reason there became no way out of it for her. She wanted the lifestyle of a married women without any emotional commitment to the marriage itself. No normal man would put up with such a charade.

Virginia Woolf did not anticipate the difficulty of day-to-day living with such a warped man. But she was not his victim. Nor was she the victim of manic-depression. She made a Devil's bargain which she could not live up to and she felt powerless to get out of it.

Her fear of powerlessness became a self-prison. Powerlessness itself would have been perfectly okay. But Virginia Woolf was not authentic enough to admit her fear. Admitting her fear of powerlessness, would have left her knowing her marriage was a complete fake, and she could then have made different choices.

The histrionics and ultimate suicide which were subsequently called madness by biographers, were nothing more than ill-advised strategies to avoid facing the truth of her situation. To face the truth she would have had to deal with her fear. For all her genius, this simple fact was beyond her education and her understanding.

Knowing we are powerless is the antidote to fearing we are powerless. For anyone who wants real freedom, this is where it is found. Knowing we are powerless is solid ground, the real human condition that human beings try to avoid seeing by going into all kinds of bizarre histrionics. (You might argue here, but how powerful are we who can neither help being born nor dying?)

When we get to this real human condition, and simply feel our terror and anxiety, we do not offset it onto something or someone else as Virginia Woolf offsetted her existential fear onto her hatred of her husband and those who were her social and intellectual inferiors.

Had she faced her own fear she would have seen that she was all right anyway. And at that point some small, positive action might have presented itself to her rather than the crazy antics and mad language that kept her in the dark and boxed in, forever fighting the box of her own making. Looking always outside of the box for the answer, she thought her madness saved her from her helplessness. In truth, it only saved her from having to see the box and thus be able to take care of herself.


Virginia Woolf made the mistake too many of us are making in this culture. We box ourselves in to feel safe and then claim to be helpless victims of those self-made boxes. Once we are convinced we are helpless we begin to view self-responsibility as dangerous. At this point, those who wish to wield power over us don't have to divest us of our freedom. We willingly give up our freedom in return for assurances of supposed safety. To feel secure in the concern of others, Virginia Woolf preferred to think of herself as helpless or crazy. But, as Thomas Szasz proves, her intellectual failings cannot be accurately or scientifically described as a medical illness. A. B. Curtiss, author of Depression is a Choice.
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8 of 10 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars The "madness" of ordinary life., March 12, 2006
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Tomi Gomory (Tallahassee, FL USA) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
This review is from: My Madness Saved Me: The Madness and Marriage of Virginia Woolf (Hardcover)
A knockout! An incredible analysis of how one "becomes" mad.
Tom Szasz superbly documents, through an examination of the life and death of Virginia Woolf, how one learns that role (or perhaps any other role), and uses it, and how the world around one also ascribes such a role and uses it as well. We all, the "mad" and the "normal", gain and loose a great deal through this activity, all at the same time.

Simply stated, life is a tragedy (we all die) with no guarantees, and what we bring to it, including our innate stuff and that which we learn and internalize, determines the games we wind up choosing to play.
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