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The Mystery of the Missing Antimatter (Science Essentials (Princeton Hardcover))
 
 
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The Mystery of the Missing Antimatter (Science Essentials (Princeton Hardcover)) [Hardcover]

Helen R. Quinn (Author), Yossi Nir (Author)
4.2 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (5 customer reviews)

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Book Description

Science Essentials (Princeton Hardcover) December 17, 2007

In the first fractions of a second after the Big Bang lingers a question at the heart of our very existence: why does the universe contain matter but almost no antimatter? The laws of physics tell us that equal amounts of matter and antimatter were produced in the early universe--but then, something odd happened. Matter won out over antimatter; had it not, the universe today would be dark and barren.

But how and when did this occur? Helen Quinn and Yossi Nir guide readers into the very heart of this mystery--and along the way offer an exhilarating grand tour of cutting-edge physics. They explain both the history of antimatter and recent advances in particle physics and cosmology. And they discuss the enormous, high-precision experiments that particle physicists are undertaking to test the laws of physics at their most fundamental levels--and how their results reveal tantalizing new possibilities for solving this puzzle at the heart of the cosmos.

The Mystery of the Missing Antimatter is at once a history of ideas and an exploration of modern science and the frontiers of human knowledge. This exciting, accessible book reveals how the interplay of theory and experimentation advances our understanding and redefines the questions we ask about our universe.



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Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

Using remarkably clear prose and analogies drawn from everyday experience (hunting for rabbits, waves crashing into a sea wall), physicists Quinn and Nir (of the Stanford Linear Accelerator and the Weizman Institute in Israel, respectively) examine both historical and cutting-edge research into particle physics, the study of the most basic components of the universe-including both matter and antimatter, the universal imbalance of which provides one of the discipline's central puzzles (and this book's title). A thorough account, this examination takes readers through the basics (physical constants, the expanding universe, "What is Matter?") before breaking out concepts like neutrinos and quarks, rules of energy and symmetry, and dark matter. Quinn, an active participant in the particle physics community since the 1960s, contributes charming personal accounts that present pioneering researchers and their work in endearingly human terms, capturing well the club's excitement over particularly important discoveries. Though it's far from light reading, this book is will prove highly stimulating and illuminating for anyone who ever wondered, "Just what is dark matter anyway?" without realizing that even physicists don't know yet. A time line of particle physics discoveries is usefully appended, but a bibliography is missed.
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Review


The big mystery about antimatter, as far as scientists are concerned, is why there isn't more of it in the universe. This is a serious and well-researched exposition of particle physics and cosmology that shows how science came upon antimatter and is now trying to understand the asymmetry between matter and antimatter. A nice feature is the occasional inclusion of personal recollections of the development of the standard model and of the scientists involved, which adds charm to the narrative. [O]ne of the best overviews...essential reading for students of physics who want to know what research in theoretical particle physics is doing. -- Frank Close, Times Higher Education



Quinn and Nir have a daunting task explaining . . . one of the most active areas of theoretical physics today. If you like reading cosmologist Steven Hawking's A Brief History of Time, or particle physicist Brian Greene's The Elegant Universe, you will find The Mystery of the Missing Antimatter an absorbing scientific whodunit. -- Laurence A. Marschall, Natural History



The standard model of particle physics is Quinn and Nir's arena for discussing one of its inadequacies: it has yet to answer why in the trillionths of a second after the big bang, there was a tiny numerical superiority of matter over antimatter; if there was not, atoms would not have formed. Addressing nonscientists, the authors describe the nature of this intriguing problem...[This book] will challenge yet reward readers with understanding of a fascinating subject at the frontier of science. -- Gilbert Taylor, Booklist



[For] anyone wanting to know how physics works and physicists think, the writers have made a difficult topic comprehensible as well as compelling. -- Joe Mielke, ForeWord Magazine



[A] remarkable book which provides one of the most satisfying tours of particle physics I have ever read. -- Marcus Chown, BBC Focus Magazine



In this page-turner, true science is written in the thrilling tone of science fiction. Quinn and Nir present the history of the antimatter problem and discuss its impact on our understanding of the cosmos--all without introducing a single equation or even a Greek letter. They reveal tantalizing possibilities for solving this puzzle, made possible by high-precision experiments that particle physicists like Quinn and Nir themselves undertake. For anyone wanting to know how physics works and physicists think, the writers make one of the greatest unsolved problems in physics both comprehensive and compelling. -- Science News



For those curious about why the universe is the way it is, this book is a reminder of how much we have learned about physics at its smallest and largest scales, but also how much more we have yet to understand. -- Jeff Foust, Space Review



With the theme of a murder mystery installed in the reader by a silhouette on the cover, this book takes the reader on a tour de force of the case at hand. This book takes the reader on breathtaking foray into the depths of the particle that make-up our body and our worlds. And like an affable Dr. Watson, the reader can journey with [Helen Quinn and Yossi Nir] as they explore this still unsolved case. -- Universe Today



Two distinguished physicists, Quinn and Nir trace in some detail both the history of modern particle physics and its relation to cosmology. Even though the text is free from equations, the authors clearly explain the details of the theories presented and their development. The logic and the meaning of the connections among the ideas make it interesting and challenging?.This is a fine book that belongs in college libraries. -- L. Schick, emeritus, Union College (NY), for "CHOICE

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 292 pages
  • Publisher: Princeton University Press (December 17, 2007)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0691133093
  • ISBN-13: 978-0691133096
  • Product Dimensions: 9.3 x 6.5 x 0.9 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.1 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 4.2 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (5 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,282,534 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Customer Reviews

5 Reviews
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4 star:
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Average Customer Review
4.2 out of 5 stars (5 customer reviews)
 
 
 
 
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Most Helpful Customer Reviews

36 of 37 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Not "yet another popular science book", January 3, 2008
By 
Eilam Gross (Weizmann Isntitute Rehovot Israel) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
This review is from: The Mystery of the Missing Antimatter (Science Essentials (Princeton Hardcover)) (Hardcover)
Though I am a particle physicist in my profession I might have read dozens of popular books on this subject and related subjects. The one thing that is very clear when reading this book is that there is no attempt to hide anything behind the carpet. Nir and Quinn challenge themselves by trying to explain very difficult terms like "matter fields","energy functions" and "vacuum energy" without over simplifying them, like is done in most popular books on this subject. Whether they succeed in their mission or not I am not capable to say. However, I think with its beautiful cartoons and its thorough explanations this book is trying to aim at both the layman and the more advanced reader; each one can pick whatever from the book and understand it on a different level. If you consider yourself an intelligent reader I can guarantee this book is telling only the truth, no shortcuts. This book is a manifestation of the wise man saying: things should be simple but not simpler than that. Thats the book. Highly recommended for both the novice and the pro.
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12 of 14 people found the following review helpful:
2.0 out of 5 stars Perspective from a non-particle physicist, June 12, 2008
By 
Christian Thoma (High Point, NC United States) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
This review is from: The Mystery of the Missing Antimatter (Science Essentials (Princeton Hardcover)) (Hardcover)
In short, a very frustrating book. It's supposed to make particle physics accessible to the lay reader, but it doesn't take any steps to truly do so. No glossary of terms. No summary charts of the various particles. As for pictures? Apparently the authors decided that the reader would have no problem visualizing particle decay (and all its various colors and handedness and charges and spins), but needs a picture of a man balancing a broom on his nose because that would be beyond our mental capability. The authors will remind you of simple ideas (they tell us multiple times that the Baryon number is quarks minus antiquarks) yet don't think you need to be reminded what W- particles are again ... of course, a glossary and chart would make repetition unnecessary.

I also think they should've put equations in the book. I can understand that they thought doing so might scare off some readers, but some of the ideas would've been easier to understand if the equation involved was reproduced.

Some of the bio of the scientists is interesting, but it's usually just a couple sentences. And I can tell the authors were earnest in their desire to convey their enthusiasm for the subject. But the lack of summary data or useful images just makes it too arduous for the casual reader. Someone who has taken several college physics courses might have better luck ... but then the lack of bibliography at the end will probably frustrate them as it makes the book an end point, not a starting point.
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6 of 6 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars fantastic exposition, December 13, 2008
By 
J. Jenkins (Toronto, Canada) - See all my reviews
Amazon Verified Purchase(What's this?)
This review is from: The Mystery of the Missing Antimatter (Science Essentials (Princeton Hardcover)) (Hardcover)
I really enjoyed this book a lot, I'm a little addicted to popular science books on physics and cosmology, and now of course there are many many titles to choose from, nonetheless this book has much to offer. It's very straightforward, there is not a single wasted word, it goes to the heart of the matter of matter-antimatter asymmetry and doesn't mince words in describing how mystifying the problem is, and how far from solution it still is. It's over glossed over in other quantum physics books, but because the authors here get into a lot of detail about the standard model and its asymmetries in cpt, they are able to conclusively point out that the asymmetry is still completely a mystery. It's clear some other insights beyond the standard model are required to explain it.

The book starts out with the usual reviews of cosmology, then of quantum mechanics and standard model, but these are covered very completely with a minimum of unnecessary detail. The new problems of dark matter and 'dark energy' or cosmological constant are included, plus a lot of big bang models leading to the current universe. So by reviewing what is pretty much well known we can better appreciate the mystery of why matter, no antimatter, when the laws appear to be quite symmetric. Of course in the standard model, there is asymmetry in CP violations, but it turns out that it's not enough to lead to the observed distribution of matter, it's much to small an effect.

Some speculations end the book, as to where to go to extend the standard model and explain the asymmetry, luckily they don't dwell on string theory, limiting themselves to leptogenesis and supersymmetry. It's clear that new experimental findings are crucial to get some kind of insight into where to go. This continuous emphasis on scientific work, testable theories, as opposed to philosophical style speculations is really refreshing.
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Inside This Book (learn more)
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
missing antimatter, cobalt spin, weak force carriers, quark idea, baryon asymmetry, baryon number, lepton number, lepton asymmetry, strangeness quantum number, quark number, gauge interactions, fourth quark, antimatter particles, charm quark, seesaw mechanism, two positrons, solar model, definite mass, charged leptons, good symmetry
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
Standard Model, Nobel Prize, Big Bang, Running the Clock Forward, John Bahcall, United States, Princeton University, Paul Dirac, Peter Higgs, Soviet Union
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