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The Natural History of the Bible: An Environmental Exploration of the Hebrew Scriptures
 
 
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The Natural History of the Bible: An Environmental Exploration of the Hebrew Scriptures [Hardcover]

Daniel Hillel (Author)
5.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (7 customer reviews)

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Book Description

November 30, 2005

Traversing river valleys, steppes, deserts, rain-fed forests, farmlands, and seacoasts, the early Israelites experienced all the contrasting ecological domains of the ancient Near East. As they grew from a nomadic clan to become a nation-state in Canaan, they interacted with indigenous societies of the region, absorbed selective elements of their cultures, and integrated them into a radically new culture of their own. Daniel Hillel reveals the interplay between the culture of the Israelites and the environments within which it evolved. More than just affecting their material existence, the region's ecology influenced their views of creation and the creator, their conception of humanity's role on Earth, their own distinctive identity and destiny, and their ethics.

In The Natural History of the Bible, Hillel shows how the eclectic experiences of the Israelites shaped their perception of the overarching unity governing nature's varied manifestations. Where other societies idolized disparate and capricious forces of nature, the Israelites discerned essential harmony and higher moral purpose. Inspired by visionary prophets, they looked to a singular, omnipresent, omnipotent force of nature mandating justice and compassion in human affairs. Monotheism was promoted as state policy and centralized in the Temple of Jerusalem. After it was destroyed and the people were exiled, a collection of scrolls distilling the nation's memories and spiritual quest served as the focus of faith in its stead.

A prominent environmental scientist who surveyed Israel's land and water resources and has worked on agricultural development projects throughout the region, Daniel Hillel is a uniquely qualified expert on the natural history of the lands of the Bible. Combining his scientific work with a passionate, life-long study of the Bible, Hillel offers new perspectives on biblical views of the environment and the origin of ethical monotheism as an outgrowth of the Israelites' internalized experiences.

(Vol. 20, No. 2)

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Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

That environmental factors affect our daily lives is disputed by no one. But can environment, climate and topology play a part in the development of a religious community? Hillel, professor emeritus of environmental studies at the University of Massachusetts and senior research scientist at Columbia University's Center for Climate Systems Research, says yes. He comes to the subject immersed in the lore of ancient Israel, from his grandfather's instruction to his own years living in modern Israel. He sees the Jewish belief system as an amalgam of ideas emerging from an interplay of human beings with both the land and its peoples, "absorb[ing] all the cultural strands... from all the ecological domains of the ancient Near East... and assimilat[ing] them into their own culture." He divides sacred history into seven "domains," dispensations based not on some theological construct but rather on the terrain in which the Israelites lived. What emerges is a largely naturalistic explanation of Israel's beliefs and laws, with a strong emphasis on the impact of culture and environment on the evolving Jewish religion. Hillel recounts, in a richly detailed and beautifully told manner, the origins of the Hebrew Bible in a new and satisfying way. (Jan.)
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Review

This is a book to supplement and fill in details of natural history that are generally absent or neglected in standard hisotrical studies. It is well illustrated and the bibliography is extensive.

(The Master's Seminary Journal 9/12/05)

That environmental factors affect our daily lives is disputed by no one. But can environment, climate and topology play a part in the development of a religious community? Hillel, professor emeritus of environmental studies at the University of Massachusetts and senior research scientist at Columbia University's Center for Climate Systems Research, says yes. He comes to the subject immersed in the lore of ancient Israel, from his grandfather's instruction to his own years living in modern Israel. He sees the Jewish belief system as an amalgam of ideas emerging from an interplay of human beings with both the land and its peoples, "absorb[ing] all the cultural strands... from all the ecological domains of the ancient Near East... and assimilat[ing] them into their own culture." He divides sacred history into seven "domains," dispensations based not on some theological construct but rather on the terrain in which the Israelites lived. What emerges is a largely naturalistic explanation of Israel's beliefs and laws, with a strong emphasis on the impact of culture and environment on the evolving Jewish religion. Hillel recounts, in a richly detailed and beautifully told manner, the origins of the Hebrew Bible in a new and satisfying way. (Jan.)

(Publisher's Weekly 11/1/05)

Hillel recounts, in a richly detailed and beautifully told manner, the origins of the Hebrew Bible in a new and satisfying way.

(Publishers Weekly 6/9/2006)

With all the commentaries and books on the Hebrew Scriptures that have appeared over the years, it would seem nearly impossible to write something unique and illuminating. Yet this is precisely what Hillel has done by providing an environmental and ecological analysis of the text.

(Library Journal 7/1/2006)

Engrossing... Hillel offers new perspectives on biblical views of the environment.

(Wispas 11/19/2006)

The results are fascinating.

(Edward Rothstein New York Times Vol. 12 No. 2 '07)

Hillel... offers us a quintessential resource for understanding the role of nature in Jewish cultural and religious movements.

(Daneil Orenstein Jerusalem Report Spring 2007)

Hillel takes a fresh and invigorating approach to biblical exegesis... A detailed ecological analysis of the Bible.

(Josie Glausiusz Forward Nov/Dec 2006)

Hillel's contribution is truly distinctive, insightful and provocative.

(Sandee Brawarsky The Jewish Week Autumn 2007)

[ The Natural History of the Bible] should be of equal interest to the student of ecology and the student of theology.

(Sir Ghillean Prance The Times Higher Education Supplement Aug/Sept 2008)

A highly stimulating new take on an old question, and deserves to be widely read.

(John Barton Times Literary Supplement )

It definitely belongs on the shelves of those interested in the development of biblical culture.

(Rabbi Rachel Essermang The Reporter )

Daniel Hillel's The Natural History of the Bible is a very good read and deserves a place on the shelf.

(Alon Tal Environmental History )

Fascinating because of its fine prose, important because of its scope.

(Kansas City Star )

An informed and readable entrance into a profound world.

(Harvey E. Goldberg The European Legacy )

The Natural History of the Bible is one beautiful book.

(Jeanne Kay Guelke Environmental Ethics )

I highly recommend this book.

(Rabbi Louis A. Rieser Church and Synagogue Libraries )

Daniel Hillel has done a magnificent job and contributed substantially both to Biblical scholarship and to the understanding of the ecology of the area. But he goes much deeper than simply interpreting the Bible's ecological setting. Hillel allows us to understand better the minds of those who were recording the events in Egypt, the return to Canaan, David and Solomon, and the various interpretations of Jerusalem, as well as the meaning of these events. So well presented and so informative.

(Peter H. Raven, Home Secretary of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and former president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science )

A refreshing, detailed and stimulating account of an important aspect of ancient Israelite development.

(Hilary Marlow Journal of Jewish Studies )

For anyone concerned about the origins of the Hebrew Bible... this is a fascinating book that can be highly recommended.

(Antoinette Bosco The American Catholic )

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 376 pages
  • Publisher: Columbia University Press (November 30, 2005)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0231133626
  • ISBN-13: 978-0231133623
  • Product Dimensions: 8.9 x 6.2 x 1.1 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.4 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 5.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (7 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,449,704 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Average Customer Review
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15 of 15 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Reading the Bible with Fresh Eyes, September 12, 2006
This review is from: The Natural History of the Bible: An Environmental Exploration of the Hebrew Scriptures (Hardcover)
Reading The Natural History of the Bible is like taking a trip to one of the most fascinating regions on the planet with a world class environmental scientist as your guide. Seeing the biblical landscape through Daniel Hillel's eyes allows you to notice aspects of the text that you've probably ignored regardless of how much time you've spent with the Hebrew Scriptures. Far from being unimportant background features, Hillel makes a strong case that that the succession of diverse habitats in which the ancient Israelites found themselves helped shape the development of their commitment to monotheism. In addition to a sharp eye for the details of the biblical landscape, the author has an ear for the language of the Bible that many trained linguists would envy. Hillel presents not only a fresh reading of ancient texts, but a passionate pleading for surrendering the widely held but dangerously simplistic view that blames our present environmental crisis on the Bible--i.e. on God's instruction to Adam and Eve that they, and their descendents "subdue" the earth. Hillel concludes that "using the Bible to justify or even to explain the abuse of the nature is an abuse of the Bible." If you're looking for an eminently readable book that will transform your understanding of the Bible and the natural world this is it.
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13 of 13 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Ecology and Culture, March 19, 2007
This review is from: The Natural History of the Bible: An Environmental Exploration of the Hebrew Scriptures (Hardcover)
The more I reflect on this exceptional work, the more I am convinced that it represents a new paradigm for understanding the Bible. Not only does it persuasively link every symbol,linguistic nuance, holiday cycle, calendric change and moments of social evolution to the transit of the Israelites across the successive ecosystems they experienced, but most dramatically, even the central core of Israelite belief, monotheism, becomes an inevitable outcome of this passage. Given the need for an all-powerful force that will guarantee rainfall, prevent drought and the scourge of crop failure and protect as well from the assault of invaders, a utilitarian agreement is struck. Strict adherence to a table of personal and social behavior in exchange for divine protection. Every lapse in the agreement is, ipso facto, the failure of the human partner to fulfill his obligation--a concept that remains the core of orthodox belief. Every page, every footnote is rich in material, all relevant, a great deal surprising in the connections which are elaborated among language, cultures and environment. Indeed, one can already foresee a second edition, more generous in format, which permits a less demanding scrutiny of the wonderful illustrations and diagrams which abound.

In summary, a tour de force without knowlege of which every student of the Bible and the cultural world which derives from it cannot feel complete.

Haim Gunner, Ph.D.
Professor Emeritus, Environmental Sciences
University of Massachusetts
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8 of 8 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars A New Look at an Old Book: A Biblical Journey, April 22, 2007
By 
Barbara Sontz (New York, NY United States) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
This review is from: The Natural History of the Bible: An Environmental Exploration of the Hebrew Scriptures (Hardcover)
I have been writing to many of my friends urging them to read this very special book. Why? I'm awed by the sheer volume and depth and density of its material. The sidebars and notes are an education in themselves. Daniel Hillel takes his readers on a journey through Jewish history, the Hebrew Bible and across the land of Israel - and what an enlightening tour guide he is!

On a personal level, this book has given me one more way to explore and view Jewish history and my own beliefs. I did a small bit of serious studies ages ago, when I was in my teens, but there was a long lapse until I picked it up a few years back. It's becoming increasingly important to me and I'm grateful for everything that helps me in a search to find some intelligent sense in my Jewish universe.

What else do I like so much about Daniel Hillel's book? That he explores and explains the meaning of words. His appreciation of women. And the beauty of his language. I was especially moved by the passages on the "land of your fathers" and the spirit of the desert.

I hope that this book will generate interest in reading the Bible from an environmental perspective. I think that it deserves to be seen as an important reference in the field of biblical studies.
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