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Original Sin: A Cultural History [Paperback]

Alan Jacobs
4.5 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (11 customer reviews)

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Book Description

April 28, 2009

Essayist and biographer Alan Jacobs introduces us to the world of original sin, which he describes as not only a profound idea but a necessary one. As G. K. Chesterton explains, "Only with original sin can we at once pity the beggar and distrust the king."

Do we arrive in this world predisposed to evil? St. Augustine passionately argued that we do; his opponents thought the notion was an insult to a good God. Ever since Augustine, the church has taught the doctrine of original sin, which is the idea that we are not born innocent, but as babes we are corrupt, guilty, and worthy of condemnation. Thus started a debate that has raged for centuries and done much to shape Western civilization.

Perhaps no Christian doctrine is more controversial; perhaps none is more consequential. Blaise Pascal claimed that "but for this mystery, the most incomprehensible of all, we remain incomprehensible to ourselves." Chesterton affirmed it as the only provable Christian doctrine. Modern scholars assail the idea as baleful and pernicious. But whether or not we believe in original sin, the idea has shaped our most fundamental institutions—our political structures, how we teach and raise our young, and, perhaps most pervasively of all, how we understand ourselves. In Original Sin, Alan Jacobs takes readers on a sweeping tour of the idea of original sin, its origins, its history, and its proponents and opponents. And he leaves us better prepared to answer one of the most important questions of all: Are we really, all of us, bad to the bone?


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Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

Starred Review. In this brilliant account, Wheaton College literature professor Jacobs (The Narnian) traces the idea of original sin from the Bible to the present day. The doctrine has inspired fierce debate for the last two millennia. In every generation, it seems, someone defends the doctrine, pointing to all manner of evidence that people are (as Jacobs, in one of his rare stylistic lapses, too cutely puts it) bad to the bone. Their opponents in turn ridicule the notion, noting the unfettered greatness of human potential. Thus Augustine tangles with Julian of Eclanum, and John Wesley clashes with Rousseau. It is a compliment to Jacobs that in his hands these abstruse theological disputes are utterly engrossing. Jacobs makes clear that he has a dog in this fight—he thinks original sin is the most persuasive explanation of the world he lives in (though he dissents, irenically and charitably, from some classic Christian formulations, such as Augustine's view on infant damnation). Jacobs hazards some quirky and intriguing ideas, such as the notion that the kind of kinship created by a universal doctrine of original sin is perhaps as good a basis as any for a brotherhood and sisterhood of humanity, in which no one lords it over anyone else. This book is truly sui generis. (May)
Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. --This text refers to the Hardcover edition.

Review

“[A]n engaging and lucid work by a sophisticated Evangelical from the American South. . . . For all its American bias, Alan Jacobs’s highly readably ORIGINAL SIN might fill one of the gaps in the post-Christian memory banks.” (Times Literary Supplement (London) )

“One wouldn’t expect a book about original sin to be entertaining, but Jacobs makes it so with deft prose and a touch of humor.” (Christian Century )

“Jacobs is a superb writer whose work is beginning to get the wider notice it has long deserved.” (Books & Culture ("Top Ten Books of the Year") )

Alan Jacobs presents an engagingly written, eminently humane, and insightful account of an all-important subject that is both timeless and timely. (George Marsden, author of Jonathan Edwards: A Life )

“Alan Jacobs’ cultural history of the controversies that Saint Augustine’s concept gave birth to is fascinating, entertaining, wonderfully researched, and thoroughly even-tempered, giving even the most disagreeable voices their say. Original Sin may well become the definitive book on the subject.” (Ron Hansen , Author of Exiles and A Stay Against Confusion )

I do not believe in original sin. I do believe in Alan Jacobs. He is one the smartest and wittiest writers around on matters involving religion, and ORIGINAL SIN is a gem. (Alan Wolfe, Boisi Center for Religion and American Public Life, Boston College )

In this brilliant account, Wheaton College literature professor Jacobs traces the idea of original sin from the Bible to the present day. . . . In his hands these abstruse theological disputes are utterly engrossing. (Publishers Weekly, starred review )

“With extraordinary erudition and just enough lightness of touch to leaven the lump, Alan Jacobs traces the tangled ways that we have tried to think about human cussedness. (Frederick Buechner, author of Secrets in the Dark )

Replete with examples drawn from a number of different cultural expressions, including literature, film, and philosophy, [Original Sin] is intended to introduce a broad genearl audience to the complexity of explaining how human beings act evilly toward one another. (Library Journal )

A brilliantly illuminating, deeply thought-provoking intellectual journey. (Booklist )

“A strangely entertaining cultural survey . . . ” (The Wall Street Journal )

Jacobs’s discussion is terrifically worthwhile for exposing how the idea of “evil,” as enunciated iwthin the doctrine, undergoes permutations and translations over time (BN.com )

Splendid...a book endeavoring to help us say and do something about the sin which so easily ensares. Strikingly, Jacobs argues that the ‘confraternity’ of humanity is best grounded not in our being made in the image of God but in our being made sinful in Adam. Truly a revolutionary thought—that the roots of our common humanity might be found, not in our dignity or even our potential, but in our depravity.” (Books & Culture )

“A deep pool of wisdom . . . an expression of what’s wrong with all of us. Jacobs’ prose often sings . . . Careful when you open this book--it could keep you up at nights.” (Christianity Today )

“Follows the history of thinking about original sin from Augustine to ‘Hellboy’ and rewards the curious reader with unique knowledge (of good and evil) on every page.” (Beliefnet (Best Religious Book of the Year) )

“Jacobs’s flowing prose keeps the book moving at a nice pace.” (Weekly Standard )

Product Details

  • Paperback: 304 pages
  • Publisher: HarperOne; Reprint edition (April 28, 2009)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0060872578
  • ISBN-13: 978-0060872571
  • Product Dimensions: 7.8 x 5.2 x 0.8 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 7 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 4.5 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (11 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #448,731 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

More About the Author

I grew up in Alabama, attended the University of Alabama, then got my PhD at the University of Virginia. Since 1984 I have been teaching at Wheaton College in Illinois. My dear wife Teri and I have been married for thirty years. Our son Wes begins college this fall, and to our shock, decided to go to Wheaton. I think he will avoid Dad, though.

My work is hard to describe, at least for me, because it revolves around multiple interests, primary among them being literature, theology, and technology. I also watch soccer and write about it, but that's purely recreational.

You can find out a lot more about me online: Twitter, Tumblr, my blog, my home page. Google is the friend of inquiring minds.

Customer Reviews

4.5 out of 5 stars
(11)
4.5 out of 5 stars
His style is clear. Mennonite Medievalist  |  1 reviewer made a similar statement
Thought provoking and well worth discussing. Isaac M. Morris  |  1 reviewer made a similar statement
Most Helpful Customer Reviews
70 of 74 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars an act of intellectual courage June 2, 2008
Format:Hardcover
Three out of the five blurbs on the back cover of Original Sin manage to import some wariness over the book's content into their glowing recommendation of the book's execution. Ron Hansen acknowledges that the "even-tempered" Jacobs gives "even the most disagreeable voices their say." Publishers Weekly gives the "brilliant" book a starred review but manages to damn its subject despite this high praise: "In [Jacobs's] hands these abstruse theological disputes are utterly engrossing." And, my favourite comments, given pride of place as the first lines of the top review, are Alan Wolfe's "I do not believe in original sin. I do believe in Alan Jacobs." These reviewers, particularly the latter two, seem to be saying: any book by Alan Jacobs is worth buying, but that Jacobs's latest book is on original sin is perhaps unfortunate. The top of the back cover seems to agree, trumpeting: "How the World's Most Repugnant Idea Became the Cornerstone of Our Self-Understanding." HarperOne seems to have decided on the marketing ploy: Buy Alan Jacobs, If You Can See Past What He Writes About! Or, If You Hold Your Nose, It'll Be Good For You! We're not entirely sure why you would want to buy (or write) a book about original sin from its inception (St. Paul? Augustine? Further back?) throughout its tendentious and chequered history (the Kabbala, Pascal, John Wesley, Richard Dawkins, etc.) to its current unpopularity, but if you must, it's fortunate that you'll buy a book written by Alan Jacobs, so brilliant and humane a writer that he practically disproves his own thesis.

To be fair, Jacobs's own foreword introduces his topic by acknowledging its near-universal vilification. The East has never seen anthropology in these terms, and the West, since the Enlightenment, has attempted to mount a vigorous moral refutation of this particular aspect of its own moral foundation. But Jacobs is not writing merely to enjoy his own prose. He believes that the notion of original sin is useful for us to consider, now, probably one of the reasons that he wrote the book. One of its consistent tactics is provide a biographical context into which we can fit the sometimes repugnant-sounding theorists of human wretchedness, so that when we get to what Augustine of Hippo and Jonathan Edwards actually say, we can hear them, with an ear even for how we might transfer useful insights to our present situation without being immediately impeded by a moral gag reflex. This is a courageous thing to do: to dignify by historiography, and in some cases to stand up for, ideas which everyone seems to think are unpleasant. If you happen to think this book's subject unpleasant, then its author, publisher, and reviewers agree that you are its intended audience.

Jacobs has become an excellent writer, cultural critic. Barring some unforeseen change of circumstance, I plan to read every book he writes from here on out. His style is clear. He says smart things simply. This is not a book written for scholars, but tremendous scholarly weight must lie behind generalisations like (to pick one almost at random): "This sense of the Christian life as a drama arose early in the history of the faith, and the conviction of being infected, afflicted, by the inherited curse of sin was its motive engine." A history covering this much time must inevitably resort to such generalizations often, but they are often startling or counterintuitive, generated by the reading that he has done but does not force you to do (even, in the case of the Jansenists and others, warns you against). He has an eye for the telling, even the humourous, example or anecdote: my favourite is the one about the Scotsman who missed the voices in his head after they had fallen silent. Jacobs is charitable, even-tempered; he interprets authors with more clarity, precision, and compassion than they warrant or could have mustered of themselves. Buy the book, yes, because Alan Jacobs wrote it.

But buy it also because, if you can manage to hold your nose, it just might be good for you.
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16 of 16 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Our Two Heads March 29, 2009
By C. Cole
Format:Hardcover|Amazon Verified Purchase
I'll preface by saying that I'm not a Christian (and I'm betting by reading the other 5 customer comments that I'm the only one of my ilk to've so far submitted a review).

This is a fantastic overview of the "our intrinsic wickedness" - whether you view it as something bred by natural selection or inborn by rebellion against God. I blew through it in a one day of nursing a cold, and at the end found myself (more thoroughly) unconvinced of Rousseau, et al's assertion of the intrinsic goodness/purely situational behavior of mankind. Jacobs consistently brings up and then answers intriguing lines of thought, and does so in a style both entertaining and enlightening.
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16 of 17 people found the following review helpful
4.0 out of 5 stars Crooked deep down. September 16, 2008
Format:Hardcover
What makes this book unique is that it is a "cultural history" of original sin, not a work of theology (though, obviously, it does engage with some theological work, particularly Augustine's). It is "an exemplary history - so-called not because it embodies excellence that other historians would do well to imitate, but because it makes its case through examples. ... [It] emphasizes narratives about people, people who engage in a serious and thoughtful way with the idea of original sin - whether by embracing it, rejecting it, or wrestling with the possibility of it" (p.xviii).

It is a engaging book. It doesn't answer all the questions I have about original sin as a doctrine but it's hardly fair to criticize it for that since that is not its purpose. What makes it so useful is its examination of how the doctrine has influenced literature, philosophy, politics - in short, how it has influenced Western culture.
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Most Recent Customer Reviews
3.0 out of 5 stars Doing a bit of research
PRE-REVIEW 2/25
"Original Sin: A Cultural History" is one book I'm turning to to investigate various points of view of the concept of Original Sin. Read more
Published 2 months ago by P. Vitkus
5.0 out of 5 stars I do not understand my own actions...
The apostle Paul, writing in Romans 7, says, "I do not understand my own actions, for I do not do what I want, but I do the very thing I hate. Read more
Published on May 5, 2010 by G. Kyle Essary
5.0 out of 5 stars Delightful Book on Sin
Who would have thought that a book on original sin would be so delightful? Jacobs makes a case for the unpopular doctrine by exploring the history surrounding its inception and... Read more
Published on February 16, 2010 by Trevin Wax
4.0 out of 5 stars Shared inclinations
I purchased this after checking it out of the library because it is truly a book that needs to be reviewed and reread. Read more
Published on July 11, 2009 by Isaac M. Morris
5.0 out of 5 stars Original sin
Book was easy to read, though his claim to be an unbiased historical survey is questionable. His bias is very clear.
Published on June 8, 2009 by Edmund W. Zelley
5.0 out of 5 stars Cold Water for Moral Relativists
Alan Jacob's cultural history of original sin is a huge bucket of rational cold water on the heads of moral relativists. Read more
Published on March 16, 2009 by James Baar
4.0 out of 5 stars Bad to the bone
"Through Adam's fall, we sinned all"? If you don't buy into the doctrine of original sin, then, as Ricky Ricardo, you've "got a lot of 'splainin' to do" regarding the consistent... Read more
Published on February 5, 2009 by Christopher Barat
5.0 out of 5 stars Original Sin
This book provides a clearly developed overview of the cultural development of the doctrine of original sin. I found it quick reading and enjoyed Prof. Read more
Published on July 14, 2008 by Warren J. Hecht
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