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Planetary Dreams: The Quest to Discover Life Beyond Earth
 
 
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Planetary Dreams: The Quest to Discover Life Beyond Earth [Paperback]

Robert Shapiro (Author)
3.8 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (9 customer reviews)

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Book Description

May 18, 2001
The Quest To Discover Life Beyond Earth.

"The 'dreams' that I write of are not the usual ones, the images that come up in our minds involuntarily during certain stages of sleep, but rather the hopes and expectations that we have lavished upon other worlds around us."-from the Preface.

The surprisingly long history of debate over extraterrestrial life is full of marvelous visions of what life "out there" might be like, as well as remarkable stories of alleged sightings and heated disputes about the probability that life might actually have arisen more than once. In Planetary Dreams, acclaimed author Robert Shapiro explores this rich history of dreams and debates in search of the best current answers to the most elusive and compelling of all questions: Are we alone?

In his pursuit, he presents three contrasting views regarding how life might have started: through Divine Creation, by a highly unlikely stroke of luck, or by the inevitable process of a natural law that he terms the Life Principle. We are treated to a lively fictional dinner debate among the leading proponents of these schools of thought-with the last named group arguing that life has almost surely formed in many places throughout the universe, and the others that life may well be entirely unique to our own blue planet. To set the stage for a deep exploration of the question, the author then leads us on a fantastic journey through the museum of the cosmos, an imagined building that holds models of the universe at different degrees of magnification. We then journey deep into inner space to view the astonishingly intricate life of a single cell, and learn why the origin of such a complex object from simple chemical mixtures poses one of the most profound enigmas known to science.

Writing in a wonderfully entertaining style, Shapiro then reviews the competing theories about the start of life on Earth, and suggests the debate may best be settled by finding signs of life on the other worlds of our solar system. He takes us on a guided tour of the most likely sites, from the underground hot springs of Mars to the ice-covered oceans of Jupiter's airless moons.

Along the way, he shares a wealth of fascinating stories about the ways in which our views of the heavens have changed, from the theories of ancient philosphers, who argued that the Moon was inhabited, to the current Origins and Astrobiology initiatives of NASA. He describes the probes that will be sent out in the near future in pursuit of the first compelling physical evidence of life beyond Earth, and concludes with a radical suggestion about how this quest might be supported through the next millennium. As we launch into an exciting new era of space exploration, Planetary Dreams offers a thoughtful and entertaining exploration of both the history of our hopes and expectations and a vision of a possible future in which the discovery of life elsewhere will provide a new view of our place in the universe.

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Amazon.com Review

Are we alone, literally freaks of nature, just one planet of living, breathing things amidst a seemingly infinite, lifeless desert? This is one of the big questions posed by human nature, one that we have traditionally looked to religion to answer, but that is now coming within the grasp of science. Despite--or perhaps because--of this, we find increasing opposition to allocating resources to space exploration. Biochemist Robert Shapiro is an unabashed supporter of this research, and his book Planetary Dreams: The Quest to Discover Life Beyond Earth is both a compelling response to the stay-at-homes and a pleasantly readable overview of what we know and don't know about the origin of life here and elsewhere.

Contrasting those who believe in special creation or a cosmic fluke that produced life only once with adherents to a life principle that favors its development wherever conditions suffice, Shapiro suggests that the best way to resolve the issue is simple: let's go looking. He feels that the importance of this question to most people has been underrated by those who (nobly) want to meet our basic needs here on earth before we take off for new worlds, and that we can accommodate everyone by shifting burdens of research funding and reinspiring the public with a new emphasis on this work as a search for meaning. Whether or not his ideas will move us forward, the lively, thoughtful Planetary Dreams is one of the best starting points for learning about the search for the origins of life here and, maybe, out there. --Rob Lightner --This text refers to the Hardcover edition.

From Publishers Weekly

Controversy rages in scientific circles over where next we should search for life in our solar system. Some argue that Mars is still the likeliest place to harbor life, despite the maddeningly inconclusive results to date, while others advocate probing the moons of Jupiter. Shapiro (Life Beyond Earth, etc.) uses his background in biochemistry to ponder the possibility that life exists on other worlds and to posit the best places to find it. He presents a convincing case that bizarre creatures may be found in the ammonia clouds swirling around Jupiter or high in the noxious sulfuric acid clouds that choke Venus. Going further than most authors in the field, Shapiro examines the possibility of life forms not dependent on oxygen and water. Unfortunately, his book isn't as well organized or as rigorous as some other recent books on the subject, such as John Lewis's Worlds Without End (1998). Shapiro dawdles through three introductory chapters before getting down to the substance of his book, and many of his digressions into fantasy scenarios and discussions of creation science add little to his argument. At times, though, Shapiro's teaching skills shine through; his use of imaginary scale models to explain distances, for example, conveys superbly the almost unimaginable vastness of space. 8-page color insert. Agent, Katinka Matson.
Copyright 1999 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to the Hardcover edition.

Product Details

  • Paperback: 320 pages
  • Publisher: Wiley; 1 edition (May 18, 2001)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0471407356
  • ISBN-13: 978-0471407355
  • Product Dimensions: 9.2 x 6.1 x 0.9 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 13.6 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 3.8 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (9 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #2,334,431 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Average Customer Review
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4 of 4 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars A fun read by a fine biochemist., May 21, 1999
By A Customer
"Planetary Dreams" is not science fiction. It is a clear-headed, and yet exceptionally entertaining, discussion of the likelihood of life on other worlds and of why space exploration should be an important goal for those of us on earth. Shapiro displays his twin talents as rigorous biochemist and fascinating story-teller. This is an important book for anyone interested in the future of our own species.
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5 of 6 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars A Rather Good Book, November 29, 2001
By 
R. Zubrin (Colorado, USA) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
I had this book on my shelf for over a year before I took it down for a read. I thought I might be bored by it, since it is a popular treatment of a subject I know pretty well. But Shapiro brought the subject to life in a rather interesting way, dealing not only with the particular issues asociated with the chemistry of life's origin, but with the deeper philosophical issues that lie behind the debate. I especially liked his illuminating flight of fancy entitled "A Dinner Out of time," which features Frederich Engels, Herbert Spencer, and Teilhard De Chardin (Marxist, libertarian, and Christian exponents of the idea of progress in nature, respectively) at one table, and Jacques Monod, Steven Jay Gould, Fred Hoyle, and William Jennings Bryan (all opposed to the idea) at the other. Shapiro is right on the mark when he asserts that the philosophical bias of the opposing camps has a strong role in directing their interpretations of the data, whether of Earth's history, the Viking results, of the Alan Hills meteorite. He is also right in his thesis stating what the stakes in this apparently abstract controversary actually are. All in all, a fine book.
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1 of 1 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars Dr No denounces defeatism, August 4, 2004
In science, scepticism comes easily - it's part of the job. If you are fluent with metaphor, as Shapiro certainly is, analyses of others' work can be scathing. In this book he surveys many ideas and thoughts on life's origins. Nearly all are lacking some facet or poorly conceived in his view. His ire is fiercely aroused over laboratory attempts to duplicate life's beginnings. Our understanding of prebiotic conditions is clearly too limited. He insisted the answer lies in Nature's processes. We don't know enough to duplicate them. Since our laboratory research has failed, he argues, we must seek answers elsewhere - off our home world.

As he develops his theme, Shapiro spares no effort in deriding what he deems inadequate. The prominence of any figure or idea simply crumbles under his penetrating gaze. If the work meet his qualification of "extraordinary proof", he demolishes it with scornful imagery. His critiques have led his colleagues to deem him "Dr No" - an appellation he relishes.

Nor does he fail to adapt any mechanism to further his position. He even enlists biblical allegory - albeit rather twisted in his hand. Knowing the biblical myth of a "creation week" is outdated, he simply changes the metaphor. He crams the 12 billion year history of the Cosmos into a seven day framework. In this structure he also places two "schools" of ideas about life - the Christian Fundamentalists and the followers of the Anthropic Principle. The former relies on one of the multitude of "Bibles". The latter accepts scientific observations of Nature, but deems the whole Cosmos is in place just for humanity. Countering this unusual mix is Shapiro's "Sour Lemon School" which sees life's origins as a fluke. We are likely alone in the universe, they claim, since conditions for life are too critical.

Understanding how life originates and evolves, he stresses, is too important to our future. Since he dismisses laboratory attempts to resolve the issue, he uses past space exploration as a foundation for a new programme. Deeming his own philosophy "Cosmic Evolution", asking that a "new story" of life be written. The elements of the story are difficult to perceive because they're distant. Some hints are visible, which he presents in some detail. As an introduction, he describes the "replication learned from clay crystals" proposal of Graham Cairns Smith with slight nod of approval. Gunther Wachtershauser's life formation on pyrite crystals receives a bit more approbation. Shapiro considers it worth further investigation. Developing his plot, he then turns to meteoritic evidence for possible life, but it's Mars that seizes his attention. NASA, he argues, dismissed too readily the data indicating organic material on "the Big Orange". To help him finish his "new story" further effort must follow. He also entertains the possibility of life on satellites of the "gas giant" planets. Even, he suggests, in the atmospheres of those planets.

None of this exploration will take place, he recognises, unless clear goals are developed. His countrymen a reluctant to part with tax dollars for such programmes. They see little result from planetary exploration. This is the chief obstacle, but he knows how to overcome it. Space exploration needs more and better publicity. Improved public knowledge is essential if the species expects to survive. Shapiro aknowledges that too many people retain adherence to old myths - a situation only better education can overcome. He even alludes to similar attitudes in China's Ming dynasty. An educated outlook then, he argues, might have changed the course of European history. We face a bigger challenge. The stars may hold answers to life's beginnings. They might also become refuges for future life here. A start must be made. [stephen a. haines - Ottawa, Canada]
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Inside This Book (learn more)
First Sentence:
The astronaut in his bulky suit moved through the open hatch of the lunar module and onto a large platform. Read the first page
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
planetary dreams, labeled release, medieval cosmos, life detection, prebiotic chemistry, prebiotic synthesis, cosmic evolution, alien artifacts
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
New York Times, Sour Lemon School, Carl Sagan, Creation Week, Planetary Dreams, Big Bang, Nobel Laureate, United States, Fred Hoyle, Milky Way, Sir Fred, Alpha Centauri, Neil Armstrong, Nobel Prize, Ares Valles, Museum of the Cosmos, Stanley Miller, Buzz Aldrin, San Diego, Second Law, Channeled Scablands, Gilbert Levin, New York City, San Francisco, Author's Explanation
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