The new South Africa has encountered some successes, but also many disappointments since the democratic transition of the 1990s, including the persistence of extreme poverty and huge inequality. The report on which this study is based was prepared for Thabo Mbeki, the country's president. It presents a comprehensive portrait of the facts of South African poverty. Taking a broad human development approach, it examines the state of the country in terms of education and training, health care, HIV/AIDS, malnutrition, welfare and crime, and access to services like water, sanitation, energy, transport and communications. In their economic analysis, the contributors argue that policy must not assume that market forces and growth (even if that can be achieved) will provide any kind of "automatic" or "trickle-down" alleviation to these politically pressing problems. Instead, they believe that all policy must be infused by a powerful preoccupation with poverty alleviation and they make detailed suggestions and recommendations to this end.
