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Radio Voices: American Broadcasting, 1922-1952
 
 
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Radio Voices: American Broadcasting, 1922-1952 [Hardcover]

Michele Hilmes (Author)
3.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (5 customer reviews)


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Book Description

May 1997
In Radio Voices, Michele Hilmes looks at the way radio programming influenced and was influenced by the United States of the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s, tracing the history of the medium from its earliest years through the advent of television.
--This text refers to the Paperback edition.


Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

Don't expect a sentimental journey through radio's Golden Age in Hilmes's well-researched study. Jack Benny, Orson Welles and the soaps are all here, in passing, but the agenda is serious sociology: the dialectics of American culture as reflected in this "lost" medium. Hilmes presents radio as an ongoing battle to first define, then exploit, a changing America by a shifting cast of power brokers. It didn't take long for the 1920s invention to be wrested from the amateurs by the moguls of commerce: networks, sponsors and, most powerfully, ad agencies. Hilmes then examines their attempts to bring into a big new "imagined community" all the tensions of a very diverse society, as when racial stereotypes are spun into a narrative that transfixes white America in Amos 'n' Andy. Women are ghettoized to the soaps and daytime programming while at night Hollywood voices try both highbrow and lowbrow bait in comedy/variety and drama. WWII further strains the disenfranchised members of radio's utopia, before TV inherits the whole mess. Hilmes, who teaches communication arts at the University of Wisconsin and is the author of Hollywood and Broadcasting, backs up her theses with fascinatingly cynical memos from the incunabula of J. Walter Thompson and NBC, as well as comments from an impressive chorus of social scientists. Her writing, alas, suffers from too many phrases like "naturalizing strategic cultural hierarchies behind the screen of gender destruction." This should not deflect readers, however, who are willing to sacrifice radio's golden Oz to meet the often forgotten men and women working the levers behind the curtain.
Copyright 1998 Reed Business Information, Inc.

From Kirkus Reviews

An often evocative study of the sociological impact of the Golden Age of radio. Hilmes (Communication Arts/Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison) notes that the years in which radio was the principal source of American mass entertainment and information have been almost completely forgotten by the public and ignored by academics. She believes that radio had just as much of an impact on the way we live as the frequently studied media of film and television, and her study is an effort to redress this imbalance. Not attempting a complete history, Hilmes has cast the book as a series of interlocking but essentially self-contained essays on such subjects as the radio images of immigrants (Rise of the Goldbergs, etc.), blacks (Amos 'n' Andy), and women (the evolution of daytime programming, etc.). This is intriguing material and Hilmes, an admitted radio buff, appears uniquely suited to present it. However, Radio Voices is uneasily balanced between the more casual voice of popular history, with its entertaining anecdotes and emphasis on vivid personalities, and a more rigorous scholarly tone, with its heavy footnoting of sources and extensive, sometimes ponderous analysis. The more scholarly voice often wins out, and this is unfortunate, because Hilmes is at her best when simply telling the lively stories of such forgotten favorites as Gertrude Berg and Mary Margaret McBride. If her often insightful analyses were couched in the same easy tone, she might have had a book that would appeal to a wider audience than she attempts to reach. There is much to admire here, but pop culture buffs may wish that Hilmes could break her academic chains and speak as directly as the radio voices she so clearly loves. (19 photos, 3 illustrations, not seen) -- Copyright ©1997, Kirkus Associates, LP. All rights reserved.

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 353 pages
  • Publisher: Univ of Minnesota Pr (May 1997)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0816626200
  • ISBN-13: 978-0816626205
  • Product Dimensions: 9.5 x 6.5 x 1 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.5 pounds
  • Average Customer Review: 3.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (5 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #6,804,241 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

More About the Author

I am an historian of broadcasting and Professor of Media and Cultural Studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. For more than 20 years I've taught classes in the history of broadcasting and in various aspects of broadcast texts, industry, and representation. I find the period of radio before TV particularly fascinating, though I also write and teach on television and on sound more generally. For more info, you can go to http://commarts.wisc.edu/directory/?person=mhilmes.

Most recently I completed -- after ten years of research in British and American archives -- a study that looks at the long history of trans-Atlantic cross influence, and its implications worldwide: Network Nations: A Transnational History of British and American Broadcasting (Routledge 2011). It tells the story of the intertwining development of radio and television culture in those two nations, from the earliest amateurs through World War II and into the era of co-production with PBS and other US networks.

I'm currently at work, with my co-editor Jason Loviglio, on an edited volume that follows up on our 2002 volume The Radio Reader. It's titled Radio's New Wave: Global Audio in the Digital Era (Routledge 2013), and it will feature a stellar line-up of scholars writing on the way that digital technology has changed both radio and the way we study it.

My other ongoing project is the textbook Only Connect: A Cultural History of Broadcasting in the United States (3rd edition, Wadsworth 2009). This is meant for undergraduates and beginning graduate students in media studies, and covers the development of broadcasting industry, policy, programming, and reception from the teens through the present. I'm at work on a 4th edition that should come out in 2013.

Other publications include NBC: America's Network, a collection of original articles by leading scholars on the history of the NBC network; Hollywood and Broadcasting: From Radio to Cable, an early work that looked at the economic and textual intersections between the film and broadcasting industries from the 1920s to the 1980s; Radio Voices: American Broadcasting 1922 to 1952, which went back to the period of network radio to show how its structures and program forms evolved in the context of national identity and its negotiations of gender, race and ethnicity; and the Television History Book (with Jason Jacobs).

 

Customer Reviews

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Average Customer Review
3.4 out of 5 stars (5 customer reviews)
 
 
 
 
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9 of 11 people found the following review helpful:
3.0 out of 5 stars Decent History of early Radio, February 20, 2003
Radio Voices is a decent look at radio from the early 1900s to 1952, although Hilmes mostly skirts any discussion of radio's decline after 1945.
She amply discusses the effects of early programs such as Amos 'n Andy which were based on minstrel shows. This discussion and the racial reasons behind them is quite interesting.
However, I think the book at many points turns from an interesting discussion into a polemic, and loses its way. She discusses the "ghettoization" of women programs to the daytime schedule. I think this really disrespects women listeners of the 1920s and 30s. Yes, many of them were at home and not out working like many men, but Hilmes discusses this topic in a tone that makes it sound like the daytime schedule was "second rate" when in fact it's the women who make the purchasing choices for most households, not the men who'd be listening more at night. The audience may have been smaller during the day than at night, but it doesn't mean it's less important and certainly shouldn't be referred to as "ghettoization".
Also she discusses in condesending tones the use of radio by the government and other interests to promote America's intervention in World War II. Like many post-Vietnam academics, it's obvious she likely falsely believes we should have stayed out of that war. It's really a shame she strays into a polemic on some of these topics. Otherwise, it would have been a great book.
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3 of 4 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars A fun... and insightful historical look at radio, August 9, 2001
An outstanding, if slightly academic, homage to the glory days of live radio. Hilmes is both a fan of the medium and a critic of its development, paying special attention to radio's role in shaping American national identity. The presentation of women and various ethnic groups is one of her main concerns, but Hilmes isn't a mere PC grind; she also explores the nuances of supposed stereotypes, analyzing the degree to which these characterizations both shaped and reflected the world around them. It's fascinating to read an account of a seemingly "dead" medium... She does a great job capturing the flavor of the times, even though most of us will never be able to hear the shows she mentions. Hilmes draws upon several major media libraries, as well as extensive governmental and academic archives, mixing bureaucratic, sociological and pop cultural perspectives. Of particular interest to readers in the present day, where multinational conglomerates duke it out over the vanishing frontier of post-dotcom economy, and the FCC and Congress have sharply curtailed freedom of expression (under the guise of protecting intellectual property), is the older, earlier story of how the US government and the budding broadcast industry squelched the amatuer broadcasters of the 'teens and '20s. In some ways it's a side note to Himes' wider social concerns, but it couldn't be more timely. Recommended reading!
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4.0 out of 5 stars A Must Read, February 23, 2007
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Radio Voices: American Broadcasting, 1922-152 is a must read for those who wish to learn about this important period in our history. It is an excellent book for those who remember those wonderful days, and for those who want to learn what their parents or grandparents were talking about!
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