This book is a study of the use of violence and the role played by ideology in the building of the new revolutionary state. Recent revolutions, Ethiopia and Iran in particular, suggest the general importance of revolutionary reigns of terror to the understanding both of the nature of revolutionary governments and the outcomes of revolutions. Through broad comparison of revolutions - including France, Russia, China, Cuba, Mexico, Iran, Ethiopia, Nicaragua, Vietnam, Cambodia, England and America - the special significance of civil war is highlighted and the distinction made between revolutionary governments brought to power through guerrilla warfare as opposed to those faced by civil war after taking power. Ironically, the greatest violence can occur when the reign of terror is omitted from the revolutionary process.
