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4.0 out of 5 stars
Ripples on a Cosmic Sea., March 7, 2006
Overall this is an excellent treatment of a little considered but intriguing problem of physical theory, the direct observation of gravitational waves. Such waves seem to be demanded by Einstein's gravitational theory, general relativity, but, as gravity is by far the weakest of the fundamental forces, it is a phenomenon that presents great difficulty in terms of direct detection. In trying a little too hard to build interest in their thesis, the authors conjure a small blunder early on, but once they 'get down to business' the book unfolds as an exceptionally well-told story. The first chapter blunder is not particularly important to the thesis and many readers won't even notice it, so I'll return to it only as a closing thought, and only in the interest of defending science from misleading oversimplifications.
Paul Davies' foreword and the authors' prologue should not be missed, and when Blair and McNammara hit their stride, discussing the gravitational curiosities that are quite commonplace in our universe -- supernovae, black holes, white dwarfs, and neutron stars, especially pulsars which lend themselves so well to close mathematical examination -- the text is outstanding. The discussion of the processes that produce these objects is a real page-turner as is the examination of the objects themselves: A densely massive binary pulsar traveling at one-sixth the speed of light! Emitting the gravitational wave 'luminosity' of a hundred thousand galaxies! Talk about energy! If we could examine the gravitational wave spectrum, what kind of information might we glean? No one knows, but Blair and others want to. The text does become less interesting in protracted discussions of the mechanics and sensitivities of instruments employed in the search for gravitational waves and the myriad technical difficulties and challenges involved.
Okay, about that blunder: In a first chapter derision of "lies" taught "at school," the authors lament that students are taught "lies" about the correct nature of space-time, as opposed to other areas of scientific interest in which schools are said to teach "the truth." With uncharacteristic carelessness it is said that we are taught "the truth" about "the solar system," about "atoms," and about the biological "evolution of species." As a matter of sober epistemological integrity, such cavalier statements create an unwarranted mess. How can we teach "the truth" about the solar system if we are teaching "lies" about space-time?! Is "the truth" about atoms the so-called objective particles of the standard model or, are "particles" really field oscillations, the vibration patterns of string/M theory? Are "atoms" classical physical objects or pragmatic mathematical abstractions of 'something' rather 'immaterial'? Is "the truth" about biological evolution "the truth" of C. Darwin, "the truth" of L. Margulis, or "the truth" of S. Kaufmann? Is "the truth" of the evolution of species what R. Dawkins believes it to be, or is it what S.J. Gould argues, or is it what S.C. Morris thinks? Although each is held to be an 'authority', they do disagree. Strongly disagree. What a mess the authors create with just a couple of reckless sentences! If we must claim that we teach scientific "truths" we should do so cautiously, even tentatively (see R. Feynman). If we must call some things 'scientific truths' we should at the least restrict ourselves to what R. Penrose has wisely called our 'Superb' theories, as opposed to those that are merely 'Useful' or 'Tentative.' Superb theories are mathematically fertile, general relativity being an excellent example. There are only a handful of 'Superb' scientific theories and all fall strictly within the categories of mathematical physics. "The truth" of biological theories, such as the evolution of species for example, is unclear, and is at best an inductive or pragmatic version of "truth" and not a rigorous, mathematical "truth." (If biology has any theory that might advance beyond being 'Useful,' it is mathematical genetics.)
Anyway, once they've escaped the temptation toward bellicose grandiosities, the authors proceed to do a pretty good job. For those who might read and enjoy this book, I recommend a somewhat similar but even better book by cosmologist George Smoot, 'Wrinkles in Time.'
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