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Running on Race: Racial Politics in Presidential Campaigns 1960-2000
 
 
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Running on Race: Racial Politics in Presidential Campaigns 1960-2000 [Hardcover]

Jeremy D. Mayer (Author)
4.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (2 customer reviews)


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Book Description

August 20, 2002
Racial politics has permeated American presidential campaigns for more than half a century. From John F. Kennedy to George W. Bush, presidents-to-be and their adversaries have dealt with the problems and the opportunities presented by America’s bitter racial divide. Some chose to embrace racial progress, others to play to the white backlash, and still others attempted to do both, often with surprising success.

Jeremy D. Mayer has studied every presidential race from JFK’s campaign in 1960 to George W. Bush’s in 2000 and the crucial difference the black vote has made in each election.

Mayer discusses in detail:
• The 1960 election, where John F. Kennedy brilliantly straddled the civil rights issue. In an effort to satisfy white southerners, he spoke appeasing words to segregated white audiences, and to attract black voters, he called Coretta Scott King while her husband was imprisoned.
• The 1976 primary race between Ronald Reagan and Gerald Ford--the last time the black vote mattered for Republicans. Since then, the Republican path to the presidency has been almost entirely white, allowing Republicans to continue rightward on race without costs. Every Republican victory in the modern era has been a product of the incorrigibly white Republican coalition, a coalition nurtured even today by Bush’s ambivalence toward the Confederate flag in 2000.
• "The odd silence of Ronald Reagan,' who was known as a leading opponent of almost every civil rights bill and yet in his 1980 and 1984 campaigns largely avoided the topic. Mayer explains why Reagan’s strategy was so successful.
• the cynical exploitation of the fear of racial violence as a means to keep black voters loyal to the Democratic Party in the presidential elections of 1980, 1996, and 2000. Mayer shows how both parties have learned to play the race card with vicious effectiveness.

By looking at this all-important aspect of our political life and coming up with new information, Mayer offers fresh insights into one of the most significant factors in our process of determining who governs us.

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Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

"Race and the array of issues surrounding it have been crucial to every presidential election since 1960," Mayer states, an obvious but routinely ignored fact that he documents campaign by campaign. The first campaign he focuses on offers a lucid, shocking reminder of Kennedy's pre-1960 courting of Southern segregationists, and Mayer her sets a standard that subsequent chapters fail to meet. He clearly delineates a pattern: except for 1964, "Democrats won only when they emulated Kennedy's calculated and symbolic outreach to racial conservatives," thus submerging the salience of race, provided Republicans let them. Yet, the ways this pattern played out including primaries and third-party runs and the ways issues changed over time, prevent this simple formula from producing cookie-cutter results. However, Mayer's accomplishment is marred by the increasing superficiality of his analysis as pre-1965 definitions of what constitutes racism become irrelevant, and no substantive discussion of emerging issues ensues. Thus, affirmative action as an issue recurs repeatedly, without any discussion of how it has actually functioned, both as a matter of law and fact. The same is true of busing it's a startling exception when Mayer notes that the 1984 Reagan campaign attack on busing in Charlotte, N.C., backfired because "the community was relatively proud of their record on busing by 1984." His reportage also declines his portrait of Jesse Jackson is as simplistic and distorted as his portrait of JFK is nuanced and complex. Mayer, a political scientist and visiting professor at Georgetown, offers a plausible yet disappointing exploration of an intriguing and accurate premise. Illus. not seen.
Copyright 2002 Cahners Business Information, Inc.

From Library Journal

A Republican campaign policy of "malign neglect" toward African Americans helped elect Republican presidents in every election from 1968 through 1992, with the exception of Carter in 1976, says Mayer (political science, Georgetown Univ.). After Lyndon Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act in 1965, no Democrat won a majority of white votes. Mayer skillfully investigates the impact of race on presidential politics, without overemphasizing its importance compared with the economy and international relations. He is especially insightful in showing how Jesse Jackson hindered the hapless campaigns of Democrats Walter Mondale in 1984 and Michael Dukakis in 1988 and how Bill Clinton was elected to two terms with overwhelming African American support. As African Americans continue to gain more wealth, economic class, not race, will frame policies and issues, Mayer concludes. This excellent overview joins a number of recent investigations that discuss the connection between race and the presidency: DeWayne Wickham's Bill Clinton and Black America, Dean Kotlowski's Nixon's Civil Rights, and Michael Gardner's Harry Truman and Civil Rights. Mayer's is the only book in memory that discusses race and all presidential elections of the last 40 years. Highly recommended for academic and most public libraries. Karl Helicher, Upper Merion Twp. Lib., King of Prussia, PA
Copyright 2002 Cahners Business Information, Inc.

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 384 pages
  • Publisher: Random House; 1 edition (August 20, 2002)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 037550625X
  • ISBN-13: 978-0375506253
  • Product Dimensions: 9.5 x 6.5 x 1.2 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.9 pounds
  • Average Customer Review: 4.0 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (2 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,448,672 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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4 of 4 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars A Definitive Guide to the last Forty Years, August 17, 2003
By 
This review is from: Running on Race: Racial Politics in Presidential Campaigns 1960-2000 (Hardcover)
Jeremy Mayer has delivered a definitive account of the last forty years of presidential elections in the United States. What makes this an even more interesting read is Mayer's uncanny ability to combine raw facts and statistics with irony and impeccable analyses---almost naturally, he describes the racial divide in the United States in a non-partisan nature.

There seems to be no target audience for "Running". Reading it will present the known problems of bigotry to those who are interested in transcending the horrible racist cloud that hangs
over America every day (not just on election day). Mayer's book will tell reactionary right wingers what they already know. Occupants of the political middle will undoubtedly be surprised at what they read about the last forty years of presidential politics. For example, JFK had made almost no outreach to minorities until he decided it was essential to winning the White House in 1960. Before that point, African-Americans were in a large part, loyal to the party of Lincoln, but didn't shift Democratic until the Civil Rights movement, along with many sweeping advances enjoyed by minorites during the Democratic 1960's.
Partisans will not always be happy with what Mayer has to say, but one can be sure his writings are accurate, well-researched and honest.
It is virtually impossible for anyone born before the Civil Rights movement to live totally free of racist roots. Presidents and candidates from the American South have racism indeliably stained in their upbringing, and have no way to run from them, no matter how liberal their platforms appear. Such candidates included Jimmy Carter, Al Gore, and Bill Clinton. The only candidate the book depicts as a candidate perceived by voters as a benevolent anti-racist was Walter Mondale, and he was wiped off the political map in 1984; that says a lot about the tolerance of intolerance in the USA.
Ronald Reagan's campaigns ignored racism and he even came across like he thought it was no longer a problem; if this is true then Reagan might as well have professed affinity for the KKK. Mayer depicts Clinton as a candidate who told the nation to simply forget about race, a stance that, if it were true, would have eroded the coalition of moderate whites and minorities that elected him twice.
Mayer has reinforced my negative view of Reagan and has slightly altered my opinion of Bill Clinton, who seems to look for power at every possible opportunity.

In conclusion, I predict it will be a long time before we have any honest candidates running for president, Democratic or Republican.

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4.0 out of 5 stars with presidential voting, race has mattered, November 3, 2002
By 
Jeffery Mingo (Homewood, IL USA) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
This review is from: Running on Race: Racial Politics in Presidential Campaigns 1960-2000 (Hardcover)
I love it when Brown alums make provocative, sharp, deep texts and films. In this book, Mayer looks at how issues affecting African-Americans have consistently played a role in presidential elections for the past 40 years. Each chapter focuses on a specific election. Though Mayer is knowledgeable that the black-white paradigm is breaking down, he still focuses upon it. This will rub many non-black people of color the wrong way. He may have been more prudent to say "African-American" rather than the overgeneralized "race." Furthermore, he is clearly a progressive and conservative readers will accuse him of bias. Plus, like West, Guinier, and many others have said, people don't want to talk about race; so there will be tons of readers that will resist this book, period. That's unfortunate because Mayer's book is an example of strong political science. And remember, this is a white male scholar saying, "Race has and still matters." I'm sure readers won't find it as easy to label him biased as they would a black academic. It contributes greatly to the field of presidential studies and voting behavior. The fact that this book covers a 40-year span rather than an instant moment in time is also an achievement. (Then again, many can argue that such a book could have covered the presidency since Washington.) The conclusion offers mixed hypotheses that readers across the political spectrum should hear. Mayer's book is an important addition to the study of American history.
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Inside This Book (learn more)
First Sentence:
At the opening of this century, W.E.B. Du Bois boldly predicted that the story of the next hundred years would be the problem of the color line, the tortured divide between black and white. Read the first page
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
black outreach, racial conservatives, integrated public housing, racial conservatism, black turnout, nomination fight, black loyalty, civil rights record, black support, black vote, campaign discourse, black concerns, busing issue, white backlash, racial liberals, racial liberalism, black registration, economic populism, black electorate, civil rights leadership
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
White House, New York, African Americans, Jesse Jackson, George Wallace, Richard Nixon, Martin Luther King, Ronald Reagan, South Carolina, Jimmy Carter, George Bush, Reagan Democrats, Los Angeles, New Deal, New Hampshire, Bill Clinton, Jim Crow, Lyndon Johnson, Supreme Court, Lee Atwater, Barry Goldwater, Bobby Kennedy, Willie Horton, Gerald Ford, North Carolina
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