Customer Reviews

Science and Corporate Strategy: Du Pont R and D, 1902-1980 (Studies in Economic History and Policy: USA in the Twentieth Century)

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David Hounshell and John Smith do an excellent job of not only recounting the thorough history of Du Pont's R&D but they also give a wonderful synopsis of how R&D developed as a whole during the time period. Du Pont suffered through organization issues when the three cousins took the company over at the end of the 19th century. They were able to develop an organization system and two areas for R&D. These areas would help to produce some of the fundamental research that allowed the company to move forward. They would be essential for developing dyes during World War 1 and Rayon in the time following. The development of nylon was achieved through hard chemical work and a dedication to pure science that came out of these labs during the 1930's. These products would flourish both before and after World War II making Du Pont a signature company that clearly dominated the markets.
World War II represented a dilemma for Du Pont. While being accused of war profiteering in World War I the executives were determined to avoid this fate in the second war. Du Pont did its work at cost and was essential in developing the Hanford Labs in Washington which made the plutonium for several bombs. This was turned over to the government at the end of the contract. Du Pont did not want to be involved in any government work and found themselves continually sucked back in. After the war it did try to become involved in pharmaceuticals but failed to realize the potential for a sales force and could not be competitive. Plastics and fibers would be the big winners after the war until the mid 1960's where even these reliable products began to falter. The research and development teams went back to the drawing board and looked for opportunities. While that is still being played out the biggest winner was in X-ray film. The Du Pont film proved stronger than Eastman Kodak giving them an edge.
Overall this is the most thorough account of Du Pont I have come across. This book not only serves to show how Du Pont developed R&D through decentralization and good corporate governance but shows the model that major companies began to adopt. It is incredibly detailed in its narrative although be warned this is for those who really want to learn about business and technology. It is not a light historical read that will be enjoyed by all. If you really are into technology or business though this is an essential book to read. It is a little hard to get through at times with some of the scientific jargon but otherwise it is a five star book.