Customer Reviews

Social World of the Hebrew Prophets

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The promising title of Victor Matthew's book leads this reader to disappointment. There has been a good deal of sociological and social-world research on the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament in the last 25 years; precious little of it shows up in this book on the Israelite and Judean prophets.

After the requisite introductory materials on the definition of "prophet" and the like, the book settles in to offer primarily thematic treatment of the individual prophetic books, with occasional light excursions into history, historical geography, archaeology and the prominently-promised social world of these writers and rhetors of ancient Israel. Social world topics include very brief treatments of cognitive dissonance theory, the "egalitarian" ideal found in many prophetic books, and a somewhat more developed treatment of "enacted prophecy."

The topical treatment prevails. The Isaiah chapter, for example, offers section-headings like "Isaiah's Call," "Oracles of Warning," "Political Message," and "The Remnant." The "Oracles of Warning" section does contain a helpful discussion of the geographical and agricultural background to the famous "Song of the Vineyard" (Is a 5:1-7). This is one of the more interesting sections of the book.

Often the treatment is quite brief: Haggai and Zechariah together get four pages; Joel gets about 2.

The book seems to be intended for the lay-level or freshmen-level audience, but the title probably finds little appeal within that audience. Theologically, the book seeks a middle ground between historical-critical skepticism and conservative Protestant faith.

Matthews's book is primarily a discussion of the historical times of the biblical prophets. Unlike similar books, Matthews begins with a brief but interesting outline of historical geography, which surprisingly is not integrated into the book. After a summary of the nature of Hebrew prophets the rest of the book moves through the canon from Moses to the post-exilic period. The book includes brief highlights of key topics and a glossary of key terms highlighted in the text. Both are great ideas but neither are strong features. Often the accentuated topics are no more than a list of related verses on the same issue or a parallel from ancient Near Eastern literature while glossary definitions are so brief they appear disconnected from the text.

Less emphasis upon the social world is found than expected by the title. The book provides a discussion of the basic message and the historical situation of each prophet with some emphasis upon well-known social concerns (justice) but far less on topics like international tensions, class struggles, or economic backgrounds.

One strength of Matthews is his handling of symbolism, which comes out in his discussion of Isaiah's Song of the Vineyard, (84-88), the symbolic use of clothing (93), and the city gate, (120). But over all, the book provides neither a strong discussion of the prophets nor their social setting.

I has heard of this book and was very pleased to find it on amazon.com. Arrived quickly. This is a great source of information.

This is an extremely helpful book that provides great context for teaching bible studies and just palin infomation. Well written and easy to read and digest

Easy reading, helpful background, good for those who are interested in learning about the background of those whom God uses and the methods of communication, cultures, etc.

One review wrote that Matthews ignored recent sociological literature on the prophets. Maybe he did, but I'm not sure that's the point. As an experienced teacher sensitive to the needs of students what he furnishes is basic relatively noncontroversial information from which to depart if one desired to go deeper. The point is not to confuse the student (in this case, clearly the beginning student is the target) with what's trendiest in never-ending scholarly debates.

That said, Matthews is very, extremely readable and can be finished in two or three leisurely sittings. He treats the prophets in their historical chronological order, not their canonical order, which is better for the overall flow of the book. He presents the meaning and message of the prophets in historical background with appreciation for their diverse literary personalities. I have much respect for Matthews as an instructor and recommend anything he has published.