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On Space and Time
 
 
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On Space and Time [Hardcover]

Shahn Majid (Editor), Alain Connes (Contributor), Michael Heller (Contributor), Roger Penrose (Contributor), John Polkinghorne (Contributor), Andrew Taylor (Contributor)
3.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (8 customer reviews)

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Book Description

October 31, 2008
What is the true nature of space and time? These concepts are at the heart of science, but they remain deeply wrapped in mystery. Both house their structure at the smallest pre-subatomic and the largest cosmological levels continues to defy modern physics and may require revolutionary new ideas for which science is still grasping. This unique volume brings together world leaders in cosmology, particle physics, quantum gravity, mathematics, philosophy and theology, to provide fresh insights into the deep structure of space and time. Andrew Taylor, Shahn Majid, Roger Penrose, Alain Connes, Michael Heller, and John Polkinghorne all experts in their respective fields, explain their theories in this outstanding compiled text.

A note from Simon Capelin, one of scholarly science publishing's leading editors: What is space? What is time? Is space infinite? Does time have a beginning? These questions have fascinated scientists, philosophers and theologians alike for hundreds of years, and the answers continue to elude us today. Current theories fall short of answers to the deeper questions, and the structure of space and time continues to defy modern physics. But the quest to understand the nature of space and time does not just lie with scientists. The search raises theological questions about the nature of physical reality itself, and what it means to exist. So, after more than two thousand years of thought and several hundred years of science, what do we know about the nature of space and time? This question was posed to a panel of six world leaders in physics, mathematics, and theology in a public discussion held at Emmanuel College, Cambridge: Sir Roger Penrose, who has made many remarkable contributions to science; John Polkinghorne KBE, a renowned theologian and particle physicist; Alain Connes, Fields medalist, and one of the world's foremost mathematicians; Michael Heller, a key contributor to the fields of science, theology, and philosophy; Shahn Majid, one of the pioneers in the theory of quantum symmetry; and Andrew Taylor, who has made major contributions in the study of dark matter and dark energy. In this book, each of these very distinguished authors expands on the theories presented at the discussion. They offer their personal perspectives, providing unique insights on this matter, from the structure of spacetime, dark matter, quantum spacetime, and what happened before the Big Bang, to the nature of time, metaphysics, and the philosophical and theological implications of spacetime.

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Editorial Reviews

About the Author

Shahn Majid is Professor of Mathematics at Queen Mary, University of London. Trained as a theoretical physicist and mathematician at Cambridge and Harvard, he helped pioneer the theory of quantum symmetry in the 1980s and 1990s. He is author of two textbooks in the field and numerous research articles.

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 320 pages
  • Publisher: Cambridge University Press (October 31, 2008)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 052188926X
  • ISBN-13: 978-0521889261
  • Product Dimensions: 9.2 x 6.3 x 0.8 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.3 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 3.4 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (8 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #774,012 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Customer Reviews

8 Reviews
5 star:
 (2)
4 star:
 (1)
3 star:
 (3)
2 star:
 (2)
1 star:    (0)
 
 
 
 
 
Average Customer Review
3.4 out of 5 stars (8 customer reviews)
 
 
 
 
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Most Helpful Customer Reviews

27 of 30 people found the following review helpful:
3.0 out of 5 stars Mixed quality, December 7, 2008
By 
This review is from: On Space and Time (Hardcover)
I bought this book in the hope to learn in particular about noncommutative spacetime theories. This new book by Fields medalist and undisputed world leader in the field of noncommutative geometry, Alain Connes, would be the first popular science book presenting these ideas for a non-specialist audience. So my expectations were high.

Too high it appears.

First, let it be stated very clear here: this book is not by Connes. Amazon should update their database and display "Shahn Majid (Ed.)" as author. Connes is just one of the contributers, yet his name is conveniently displayed as first author. The blurb claims: "this unique volume brings together world leaders in cosmology, particle physics, quantum gravity, mathematics, philosophy and theology". As far as I can judge, there are only two big names amongst the contributers (Connes and Penrose). The others might be established names, but they seem far removed from being "world leaders".

The contribution by Connes itself (covering about 40 pages of the book) I found disappointing. Lots of generalities and very little about noncommutative geometry. Where it goes deeper into mathematics, the notation and definitions are unclear, and it seems he never gets to the heart of the matter.

The contribution of the other 'big name', Roger Penrose is better, but contains a lot of material presented already in his superb book 'The Road to Reality'. The new material Penrose has added is about conformal cyclic cosmology.

In my opinion, the best contribution (and certainly the largest at close to 90 pages) comes from the editor Shahn Majid. He actually does go into noncommutative geometry, explains its relevance to quantum gravity, and presents some simple examples of noncommutative algebras one can play with mathematically. The last two sections of his text (on 'self-dual structures and 'relative reality') were however rather vague.

Amongst the other contributors you will find Michael Heller and John Polkinghorne. The former is linked to the Vatican, and the latter an Anglican theologian. Their contributions are of metaphysical nature and try to make a link between modern physics and theology. In my opinion the book would have been better without these two contributions.

The editor, Majid, has also written the preface. I suspect it proved impossible to attract a renowned scientist to write a preface to this collection of popular science texts of rather mixed quality.

On the positive side, this hardcover edition is of good binding quality, with an attractive cover, and certainly priced favourably (even surprisingly so for a book in this category). Yet, someone interested to read a book containing a collection of contemporary theories on quantum gravity and the nature of spacetime, I would advise similar, perhaps more expensive but content wise better, collections such as Callender and Huggett's "Physics Meets Philosophy at the Planck Scale: Contemporary Theories in Quantum Gravity".

Barely three stars, with the very affordable price and Majid's contribution preventing this book from dropping below that level.
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10 of 10 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Great book for right audience, August 10, 2009
By 
MaxS (Mountain View, CA USA) - See all my reviews
This review is from: On Space and Time (Hardcover)
The books falls very nicely between casual mass-market popularization literature and professional PhD texts. The average reader can easily follow the popular books, yet one can read only so many times about ray of light in moving train and curved spacetime. To follow the real developments in modern physics is next to impossible without well-developed math skills.

Majid does a terrific job of leading to the very edge of layman understanding, proving minimal math concepts to explain structure of his ideas... and then just at the moment where loosing his train of thoughts seems inescapable provide simple and yet brilliant summation of surprising insights on his ideas about reality.

The book is not trivial to follow, and knowledge of basic math concepts would be very helpful. However, it doesn't require the actual PhD level math or deriving anything. You just need to be ready to apply much more math thinking when reading the text then it would be typical for say Brian Greene book. Working your mental gears through very simple yet fun facts like (x*y)^-1 = (y^-1*y)(x*y)^-1=(y^-1*x^-1*x*y)*(x*y)^-1==(y^-1*x^-1)*(x*y)*(x*y)^-1= y^-1*x^-1 is very satisfying.

Of many recently purchased books (including terrific works by Lee Smolin, Lisa Randal, etc) this one lets you come as close as one can to watch actual workings of modern theoretical physicist research, and almost grasp the building blocks and connections without the nitty-gritty details of rigid proof. Majid conjectures are very thought provoking, and put new light on many familiar physical concepts. Strongly recommend and just wish there were more high-end popularization books like that one.
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4 of 4 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars The mathematical universe, April 18, 2010
This review is from: On Space and Time (Hardcover)
I found "On Space and Time" a refreshing change from the usual, related popular book fare. The latter too often proselytize about string theory-related approaches, without making the reader adequately aware about how speculative are the theories. After a very readable and usefully up-to-date introductory overview of cosmology by astrophysicist Andrew Taylor, we have the core three chapters by leading mathematicians Shahn Majid, Roger Penrose, and Alain Connes, who each present quite different ideas about the possible fundamental structure of space-time. I particularly enjoyed the contributions by Majid and Penrose. Majid introduces in a leisurely and not overly technical way the subject of 'non-commutative geometry' and describes how it might furnish a mathematical framework for quantum space-time. Particularly intriguing is Majid's thesis that a fundamental theory of space-time (and hence physics) will involve so-called 'self-dual structures'. I liked very much his original use of Plato's cave allegory to help explain his thesis.

Penrose's chapter begins with a nice overview about how classical space-time is described using the tools of geometry. Later on, he reviews his longstanding ideas about the nature of the birth and ultimate fate of our expanding universe. His main thesis is that the laws of physics around the time of the big bang and in the remote future are 'conformally invariant'. This has the remarkable consequence that no meaning can be attached to the question of when the universe began and when it ends: there is simply no notion of time passing.

This book is not quite a 'popular' account of the subject, with equations and technical language frequently making an appearance. Yet, it is breathtaking ideas such as those exampled above that make the book well worth the effort. A reader without a mathematics background will still get a lot out of this book, not least a rare impression about the invaluable insights mathematicians have about the unsolved problems of the quantum nature of space-time.
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Inside This Book (learn more)
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
ring theory, standard cosmological model, spacetime and physical reality, physics meets metaphysics, baryon wiggles, quantum theory and cosmology, quantum spacetime, spectral action, previous aeon, nonlocal world, galaxy power spectrum, inner fluctuations, noncommutative spaces, galaxy redshift surveys, noncommutative geometry, relative realism, quantum algebra, unification scale, initial singularity, twistor theory, neutrino mixing, quantum groups, quantum geometry
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
Big Bang, Standard Model, General Relativity, Cambridge University Press, Second Law, Special Relativity, New York, Oxford University Press, Academic Press, Princeton University Press, Vatican Observatory Publications, Edwin Hubble, Albert Einstein, Quantum Gravity
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