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The Struggle for Europe: The Turbulent History of a Divided Continent 1945-2002
 
 
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The Struggle for Europe: The Turbulent History of a Divided Continent 1945-2002 [Hardcover]

William I. Hitchcock (Author)
4.2 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (8 customer reviews)


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Book Description

0385497989 978-0385497985 January 21, 2003 1
From the ashes of World War II to the advent of the Euro, the definitive history of the postwar rebirth of Europe by one of our finest young historians.

After a century of war, genocide, and ideological rivalry, Europe has at last emerged as a continent striving for stability, tolerance, democracy and prosperity. Yet the making of today’s Europe has not been easy. Its success was achieved only after a half-century of struggle between capitalism and Communism, between the forces of integration and the forces of nationalism, between the ideals of fairness and justice and a legacy of racism and inequality. In fact, as the recent rise of far-right extremism demonstrates, this contest is not over.

William Hitchcock’s sweeping new survey fills a critical gap in the writing on postwar Europe. The Struggle for Europe starts by assessing the impact of World War II on European politics and society and the foundations of Europe’s extraordinary economic recovery. It explores the role of the United States and the Soviet Union in shaping the postwar settlement and shows how Europeans often resisted and defied superpower dictates. In examining Cold War politics between 1945 and 1989, Hitchcock reveals the serious challenges mounted to the superpowers by such European leaders as Charles de Gaulle, Willy Brandt, and Margaret Thatcher. The book examines the collapse of Communism as an ideology and lays out the long-term factors that led to the collapse of the Berlin Wall in 1989. Concluding chapters show that Europe has made great strides in fulfilling the promise of economic and political union but has yet to overcome the troubling legacy of racial, ethnic, and national antagonism.

Europe stands on the threshold of enormous political and economic change that will profoundly shape world affairs. Now more than ever there is a need to review the continent’s postwar history. The Struggle For Europe splendidly fulfills that need.


Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

Hitchcock, a professor at Wellesley College, is an unabashed admirer of Europe, which he views as the global center of peace, democracy and prosperity. Yet anyone who surveyed the continent in the decades before 1950 would have remarked on precisely the opposite features: a Europe torn apart by two massive wars and economic depression, and notable for the prevalence of dictatorships. Hitchcock's problem, then, is how to explain Europe's phoenix-like rise, the radical break in its history around the mid-century mark. At the outset, he provides four answers that guide his historical survey. In the face of the Communist threat, Western Europe joined with the United States and benefited from U.S. military and economic support. Europe had a "good Cold War," he writes. Moreover, because WWII had been so destructive, when Europeans rebuilt, they were able to employ the most modern technologies and free markets. Finally, Europeans were committed to democracy and chose the path of peaceful reform rather than violent revolution. The reasoning here is circular: Europe is democratic because its people have chosen democracy. But while the logic may be faulty, Hitchcock (France Restored: Cold War Diplomacy) does provide a clear exposition of postwar developments-the rise of the welfare state; the slow, steady march toward the European Union; Cold War conflicts over Poland, Berlin and so on. Readers hungering for sustained discussion of the dramatic social and cultural transformations of the postwar period will not be satiated; others might find this sober and comprehensive political history of Europe's glory years instructive.
Copyright 2002 Reed Business Information, Inc.

From Booklist

From ravaged battleground to walled cold-war chessboard, to economically unified (if still somewhat conflicted) community of nations, European change defines the past half-century. A devastated continent--bled of some 40 million people between 1939 and 1945 as well as much of its violent nationalism--has healed to become democratic, safe, and amazingly successful. In this political and economic history, Hitchcock discusses how and why Europe has been able to rebound (often, paradoxically, because of the very hardships of reconstruction and pressures of the superpowers) as well as the challenges still facing Europe. Alternating between East and West, and becoming sharper as it moves from 1945 to the present, Hitchcock's narrative culminates in an overview of the "elusive" European Union: succinct and handy for those unsure of the difference between the European Parliament, European Commission, and the European Council of Ministers. Often brash in its criticism of the Communist East--and often with good reason--this book's American perspective is obvious. In spite of--or perhaps because of--this, its analysis is adept, well supported with statistics, and quite readable. Brendan Driscoll
Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 513 pages
  • Publisher: Doubleday; 1 edition (January 21, 2003)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0385497989
  • ISBN-13: 978-0385497985
  • Product Dimensions: 9.6 x 6.4 x 1.4 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.9 pounds
  • Average Customer Review: 4.2 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (8 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #314,809 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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8 Reviews
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Average Customer Review
4.2 out of 5 stars (8 customer reviews)
 
 
 
 
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7 of 7 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Europe Mastered, February 10, 2003
By A Customer
This review is from: The Struggle for Europe: The Turbulent History of a Divided Continent 1945-2002 (Hardcover)
This fascinating book covers a much neglected topic with both style and substance. For too long, the history of the postwar period has been written with eyes on the superpowers, alone. What Hitchcock masterfully does is bring Europe back to the center of the story. He's made good use of the existing historiography, and has asked new questions of previously examined data. And, most importantly, the book is a good read--accessible, engaging and thought provoking. For anyone interested in the history of the Cold War and the post-Cold War, this book is essential reading.
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4 of 4 people found the following review helpful:
5.0 out of 5 stars Excellent Book!, March 19, 2003
By A Customer
This review is from: The Struggle for Europe: The Turbulent History of a Divided Continent 1945-2002 (Hardcover)
Dr. Hitchcock's work is an excellent source of information for anyone who is interested in recent European history. It especially helped me put current affairs in their historical context. Definitely worth the price of the book and more importantly, the time invested in reading it.
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2 of 2 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars Gives a sense of how much distance Europe has travelled, October 31, 2004
This review is from: The Struggle for Europe: The Turbulent History of a Divided Continent 1945-2002 (Hardcover)
Lately, the economic performance of Europe has come in for some rather critical comments from commentators on both sides of the Atlantic, in particular in comparison with the performance of the US economy. To this, in defense, one could reply that the data are not exactly comparable or that life is about more than gdp figures. However the most interesting answer is found when looking back 50 years at the basket case Europe was, economically, politically and militarily.

At the end of World War 2, Europe counted tens of millions of displaced people, gdp per capita was only half that of the US, politically speaking Germany was a blank sheet, Stalin was closing the Iron Curtain and threatening the rest of Europe, despite Allied victory over Germany and Italy fascist dictatorships remained in place in Spain and Portugal, Greece was in a state of civil war and threatened to become another communist satellite state and Europe was a patchwork of nation states with relatively little internal trade flows.

This book describes how over a period of 50 years, Europe has become what it is today : at peace, democratic and prosperous (although more so for Western Europe than for Eastern Europe which is lagging).

Some of the chapters I found most interesting are how it was Europeans who begged Americans to stay militarily involved in Europe after the war in order to be a deterrent for Stalin, what exactly was the impact of the Marshall plan, how did the European Union originate, the importance of the Ostpolitik of the German chancellor Brandt, etc...

The author tries to remain as factual and neutral as possible about the EU as an institution, which may disappoint some readers. However I could not escape the conclusion myself that many of the positive changes during the last 50 years, such as the democratisation of Spain, Portugal and Greece, were at least indirectly in part due to the influence of the EU states on the rest of Europe. By making democracy and human rights a pre-condition for membership of the EU, the EU has forced many countries to become more like it : a civilised place to live, possibly not as rich as the US, but better off in general than anybody would have dared to forecast in the ruins of 1945.
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Inside This Book (learn more)
First Sentence:
THE WAR IN EUROPE ended officially on 8 May 1945, a date that marks the death of the Third Reich and the birth of a new Europe. Read the first page
Key Phrases - Statistically Improbable Phrases (SIPs): (learn more)
monetary convergence
Key Phrases - Capitalized Phrases (CAPs): (learn more)
United States, Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, East German, West Germany, World War, Cold War, Marshall Plan, Western Europe, West Berlin, Christian Democrats, Northern Ireland, European Union, Labour Party, Margaret Thatcher, Federal Republic, Christian Democratic, House of Commons, Middle East, Council of Ministers, Red Army, Berlin Wall, Bosnian Serb, East Berlin, Home Army
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