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TERMINAL CHAOS: Why U.S. Air Travel Is Broken and How to Fix It (Library of Flight Series)
 
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TERMINAL CHAOS: Why U.S. Air Travel Is Broken and How to Fix It (Library of Flight Series) [Hardcover]

George L. Donohue (Author)
2.5 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (12 customer reviews)

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Book Description

1563479494 978-1563479496 May 9, 2008
In total passenger miles, air travel has never been more popular. But as any frequent flyer knows, air travel problems are growing even faster long lines, lost luggage, overbooking, flight delays, and serious safety issues. And instead of doing something about it, the traveling public seems simply to be sitting down, buckling in, and allowing itself to be treated like sheep.

But it doesn't have to be this way. There are solutions to our air travel problems, real solutions that can make real differences. And they don t require 15 years to implement.

With decades of experience in civil aviation and policy, Drs. George Donohue and Russell Shaver are well qualified to assess the problems in the system and to offer responsible, workable solutions. Dr. Donohue, the current Director of the Center for Air Transportation Systems Research and a Professor of Systems Engineering at George Mason University (GMU), has extensive high-level experience at the Federal Aviation Administration and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Dr. Shaver, formerly a senior RAND Corporation research analyst and now a visiting research fellow at GMU, served as chief scientist for policy analysis at the MITRE Center for Advanced Aviation System Development.

The stories they tell are compelling. They are high-profile horror stories passengers stranded for hours on the tarmac, flights canceled for bad weather when there s not a drop of rain anywhere near the flight path, and an overall sense of apathy and obstructionism among those responsible for managing the industry. Interestingly, these problems are not the inevitable result of the size or complexity of the U.S. system. Air transportation in Europe, with almost identical air traffic control systems and safety standards, is far better. Amsterdam moves 30% more passengers than Newark, but the average flight delay is an order of magnitude lower. In addition, a European Passenger s Bill of Rights giving distressed passengers the right to substantial and immediate compensation has been a powerful incentive for non-U.S. airlines to maintain their schedules.

The Causes

So just how did we get where we are in the U.S. system today? Donohue and Shaver cite multiple reasons for the chaos we now face. These causes include airline deregulation, multiple governmental agencies with no central oversight or responsibility, multiple corporate entities with conflicting agendas, and a technologically outdated air traffic control system. Even more importantly, there seems to be a complete absence of advocacy for the customer the passengers. The authors also explain that our air travel problems, if left unaddressed, are on a direct course to greatly impact the overall U.S. economy and harm our global competitiveness. In 2006 alone, the delays and cancellations cost U.S. travelers an estimated $3.2 billion. And in 2004 and 2005, the U.S. tourism industry is estimated to have lost $98 billion in revenue due to our air travel mess.

The Cures

Fortunately, Donohue and Shaver don t leave us in this state of chaos. Their provocative analysis not only identifies the causes and extent of the problems, but also provides us with a course heading that will put us on the path to recovery. The solutions they propose include holding the government decision-makers responsible, expanding the capacity of airports and airplanes, modernizing the air traffic control system, and implementing what the authors call the 30% solution to significantly reduce congestion.

In short, this book should be read by every airline passenger traveling in or through the United States. As a country,

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Editorial Reviews

Review

Donohue and Shaver have taken an enormously arcane and complex set of issues and players and laid them all out very clearly and directly .... It s among the best and most thoughtful pieces written on the subject ... it s a very, very good--and mostly evenhanded--distillation of the background and causes of the current quagmire that will only worsen as time is allowed to pass with no real fixes in sight. --David V. Plavin, former Director of Airports Council International¬North America and former Director of the Port Authority of New York New and Jersey

This is a very disturbing book--and it was intended to be. For the crisis in U.S. aviation is far more serious than most people imagine. Donohue and Shaver have given us the best prescription I ve seen for fixing it. --Robert W. Poole, Jr., Director of Transportation Studies, Reason Foundation

The air transportation system is fixable but the patient needs urgent and holistic care NOW. Donohue and Shaver are the doctors, and the doctors are in! They have the knowledge and capability to work through this problem to success if we as a community want to fix the system. --Paul Fiduccia, President of the Small Aircraft Manufacturers Association

About the Author

Dr. George L. Donohue is currently a Professor of Systems Engineering and Operations Research and Director of the Center for Air Transportation Systems Research at George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia. He is also a Co-director of the FAA National Center of Excellence for Operations Research (NEXTOR). Donohue was formerly the Associate Administrator for Research and Acquisitions in the Federal Aviation Administration (1994-98) and has broad experience in managing major research and technology programs in both the public and private sector. Before joining the FAA, Donohue served as Vice President of the RAND Corporation, in Santa Monica, California, and was previously Director of the Office of Aerospace and Strategic Technology at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. He has also held technical and technical management positions at Dynamics Technology, Inc., the US Navy and NASA. Dr. Donohue has received numerous awards, such as the Secretary of Defense Meritorious Civilian Service Medal in 1977 and the Air Traffic Control Association Clifford Burton Memorial Award in 1998. He has published over 60 reports and articles and is the principal editor of Air Transportation Systems Engineering, the only reference book on the subject. He has been listed in Who s Who in America since 1992, was named one of Federal Computer Week s top 100 Executives in 1997 and was also named one of the top 100 decision makers in Washington D. C. by the National Journal in 1997. Donohue was chosen to head the United States Delegation to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Conference on Air Traffic Management Modernization in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1998. He was also a Director of RTCA and was nominated by President Clinton to become the FAA Deputy Administrator after demonstrating substantial success in replacing the old FAA technology acquisition process and in pioneering personnel reforms at the FAA. He replaced 30 year old air traffic control computers and radar systems and initiated the new aircraft surveillance system pilot program in Alaska. This Alaska demonstration program, now called the Capstone Program, has achieved significant success in demonstrating how the new ADS-B technology can be used to safely separate aircraft with much lower air traffic controller workload. He was awarded the Embry Riddle Aeronautical University Pinnacle Award for Outstanding Individual Contribution to the art and science of Air Traffic Control for this achievement in 2007. He is a Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and holds Ph.D. and MS degrees in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from Oklahoma State University and a BSME degree from the University of Houston. Dr. Donohue is also a pilot, with a single-engine private pilot s certificate.

Dr. Russell Shaver is currently a visiting research fellow in the Center for Air Transportation Systems Research at George Mason University. He was formerly a senior research analyst at the RAND Corp. He has held numerous analysis and management positions at RAND for over 35 years. From 1994 to 2000 he was the chief scientist for policy analysis at the MITRE Center for Advanced Aviation System Development (CAASD) in McLean Virginia. He holds a BS degree in Mechanical Engineering from Yale University and a Ph.D. in Applied Mechanics from the University of California at Berkeley.

Product Details

  • Hardcover: 240 pages
  • Publisher: Amer Inst of Aeronautics & (May 9, 2008)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 1563479494
  • ISBN-13: 978-1563479496
  • Product Dimensions: 9.1 x 6.3 x 0.8 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1.1 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 2.5 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (12 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #1,250,822 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Customer Reviews

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Average Customer Review
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Most Helpful Customer Reviews

17 of 21 people found the following review helpful:
4.0 out of 5 stars Great book., July 3, 2008
This review is from: TERMINAL CHAOS: Why U.S. Air Travel Is Broken and How to Fix It (Library of Flight Series) (Hardcover)
The author really understand the complex issues that are crippling our nation's air traffic system. Very evident that he wants to spark change through this book. We can only hope that things will get better before they get worse!
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26 of 34 people found the following review helpful:
2.0 out of 5 stars Waving the you-know-what flag, June 25, 2008
By 
John M. Thompson (Albuquerque, New Mexico) - See all my reviews
(REAL NAME)   
This review is from: TERMINAL CHAOS: Why U.S. Air Travel Is Broken and How to Fix It (Library of Flight Series) (Hardcover)
What is the difference between Schiphol, Amsterdam's international airport, and Newark?

If you noticed that Schiphol has six runways and Newark only has two, congratulations. Apparently the authors didn't, and left that out of their factors for comparison. Funny, because a runway is needed every time an aircraft takes off or lands, that they didn't think of it as miraculous that Newark can move 66% of the passengers that Schiphol does with only 33% of the runways - and with LaGuardia (14.4 miles west) and JFK (18 miles west) traffic climbing and descending through essentially the same airspace. Schiphol has no such limitation, but had 4,000 fewer traffic movements, i.e., aircraft taking off and landing. By themselves, the major national airports of western Europe compare to individual metropolitan airports of the U.S., but no European metropolitan airport is half as busy as BWI/DCA/IAD, or EWR/JFK/LGA, or LAX/LGB/BUR.

While we're discussing the difference between ourselves and Europe, let's ask ourselves what it costs to move more than twice the airplanes Europe in its entirety does: according to a Lufthansa spokesman, an average of $380 for the same Airbus that Lufthansa pays European air traffic authorities (hyper-efficient, quasi-governmental corporations, natch) $667 to take off, fly and land as of mid-June, 2008.

What is the same? Runway capacity. Here as in Europe, the average speed of a passenger jet in the last ten miles of its approach will be somewhere around 150 miles an hour, or 2.5 miles per minute. Most major airports use this separation interval because they have done a runway occupancy study, validating that an average of 50 seconds or less was required for a landing aircraft to exit the runway. If something goes wrong for the preceding aircraft (e.g., blown tires or locked brakes), then that 10+ seconds becomes the margin of safety for the following aircraft to increase power and thus altitude. Take that away, and if the following aircraft commits to landing before the first aircraft leaves the runway. . .well, it might work out. Shame if it didn't. Be aware that the Federal Aviation Administration writes its air traffic rules in response to people actually dying, instead of the hypothetical possibility they will.

The one thing with which I agree is that there is not enough concrete to suit the demand. Based on the math above, a runway dedicated to arrivals can process a little more than 60 in an hour, to say nothing of the gate availability once an aircraft has landed. Subterranean airliner parking is probably cost-prohibitive, even when compared to eminent domain actions in New York City, Chicago or Los Angeles. So what do you do? Accept that there are physical limits to the number of airplanes that can land at a given airport at a given time, but build a traffic management system that keeps the flow as close to capacity as possible at all times. That's an information analysis challenge, not addressed by any of the major technology changes proposed currently by FAA.

There is no Moore's law for airport capacity, and there certainly isn't any information technology that expands gate or runway capacity more than 5% of current figures. The authors concede this, and their "30% solution" is that we (a) use only the biggest jets possible at the ten busiest major metropolitan airports, (b) auction off slots for takeoff and landing, which reverses the biggest gain made for consumers in deregulation; (c) allow the airlines an exception to price collusion laws, with the government's blessing to price hikes on the consumer. So shall we treat them like a public utility, too important to fail, at all times, or just when the fourteen layers of management can't get enough profit out of their businesses to assure a profit without government bailouts and discounted loans for reorganization?

If you're going to wave your hands and say, "Technology fixes all," at least tell me what you expect technology to fix before I believe you. What fixes the problems with landing two non-formation passenger jets on the same runway simultaneously? What makes a passenger jet immune to turbulence, lightning and hail damage, and therefore capable of flying through thunderstorms that airliners avoid today?

In sum, the book sees much of what is wrong with the industry, and marching us back towards regulation across the industry (instead of just EWR, JFK and ORD) may be the only sensible thing to do. But before we assume that the supply of airspace and concrete is more flexible than we think today, we should be able to answer some of these questions in terms of the physics which limit the supply.
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5 of 6 people found the following review helpful:
3.0 out of 5 stars Interesting, July 14, 2008
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This review is from: TERMINAL CHAOS: Why U.S. Air Travel Is Broken and How to Fix It (Library of Flight Series) (Hardcover)
The book was of interest to me as an aviation writer. I found many of the points to be valid and well supported. However, the focus was far to narrow and was limited to infrastructure shortcomings. There was little attention paid to the failures of management and lack of vision. It tells part, but not all, of the story.
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