Rather like scientists who argue tentatively from "inference to the best explanation," John Pollock mitigates his speculations with what seems a broad scholarship and familiarity with relevant topography, historical accounts, archeology, biblically cross-referenced clues and implications, and hermeneutics. The result is an outstanding biography of the first century evangelist who influenced the course of human history more than any political figure has. At one point, discussing "a certain political event in Ephesus" during an account of what is known as Paul's second missionary journey, Pollock describes his method in these words: "Paul's story enters a brief though vital period when the facts are obscure. Luke turns very discreet." After citing a highly plausible political explanation for Luke's discretion, he continues: "What happened must be pieced together from clues scattered aground the New Testament and in secular history. . . A biographer has to decide between slowing to a halt here in a bog of conflicting possibilities which can never be resolved, or striding boldly across a causeway of conjecture. I choose the second course and, without stepping aside to discuss all the alternatives, tell the story as I see it. Paul's next eighteen months unfold somewhat as follows, though the tone of assurance in my narrative must not disguise that some of its conclusions are tentative and disputable." (p 192) This excerpt furnishes a good picture of Pollock's approach when some speculation is necessary to flesh-out the story.
The book is an extremely enjoyable reading experience. This from chapter 15: Paul, Silas, Timothy, and Luke, "probably in the last week of July 50 [AD]," under sail from Troas: "They did not think of themselves as passing from the continent of Asia to Europe. The terms were in use, but the Aegean was Greek on either side. They had, instead, the excitement of approaching a new province, bringing them nearer Rome. They knew that beyond Macedonia they could reach Achaia and Italy, and the vast lands of Gaul, Spain, Germania, even the mist-bound island of Britain lately added to the empire: all save Rome untouched by the Good News. They were not bringing force of arms or a political program: just four men -- and Another, invisible, who had known these seas and shores before Achilles or Agamemnon or Ulysses; who could demolish empires and cities by the breath of His mouth, but who had chosen to humble Himself and come to Macedonia as quietly, as weakly as, in the flesh, He had come to Bethlehem half a century before. " (p 124)
Sea routes, roads, typical seasonal meteorology, local flora, the lay of cities, ports and provinces, physical features of the landscapes, political liaisons and intrigues, local deities, the art, architecture and practices of pagan worship centers, the identity and motivations of opposition, philosophical schools, regional industries, first century seamanship and vessels -- Pollock descriptively reveals all of these elements of the New Testament narratives. While a typical reading of the New Testament virtually ignores these features of context, to better recognize them is certainly a boon to understanding. This is one of the great values of this book. Pollock also manages to reveal Paul's characteristics, tendencies, reasonings, knowledge of Greek literature and philosophy, personal interests and personality traits; he does this rather speculatively, but based on cited references nonetheless. An example: "they took the ship through the islands of the Cyclades, beautiful in a wine-colored sea. Paul could enjoy it. Because Acts has no place for his personal feelings he has been considered indifferent or loftily superior to scenery. Yet he writes of the beauty of the stars, how one differs from another in glory; he was aware of the beauty of the human body and he notes how in great houses he visited some of the vases and bowls were works of art, others merely useful."
The texts I've chosen to quote should give a sense of Pollock's biography of Paul, the fearless advocate, ambassador, mediator and counselor who modeled the understanding that "Christians must outlove, outjoy, outthink, and always welcome those who oppose them." I recommend the book, bearing in mind, of course, that direct textual statements have been augmented with inference and speculation. Two or three times I thought that Pollock's 'inferences' were likely not correct, but these are exceptions. Where speculation is unwise, unsupportable or unnecessary, Pollock generally steers clear. For example, regarding the possible Pauline authorship of the NT letter/book of Hebrews, Pollock says, "some hold that Hebrews was composed" during Paul's confinement in Caesarea in 58. He then briefly explains other views (p 265) without personally endorsing any of them. (The only biblical evidence of the authorship of Hebrews is 'textual' and, I believe, indicates that Apollos, the Alexandrian scholar, is the most probable author. Claims for Pauline authorship are inevitably attempts to explain why the letter doesn't sound/read as though Paul had written it, while the most likely explanation is simply that he did not. On the other hand, it does sound/read like the writings of well-known Alexandrian theologian/scholars [thus our obvious candidate is Apollos, as Luther believed]. Pollock reservedly states only that this particular question cannot be finally resolved.) I enjoyed the book on two levels, it ties together what often seem like disjoined narratives, and it is also a valuable series of contextual insights.