The Arch-Conjuror of England John Dee
by Glynn Parry
John Dee (1527 - 1608) receives a place in mathematical histories for his preface to the first English translation of "Euclid's Elements" by Henry Billingsley and, for example, his friendship with cartographer Gerard Mercator.
Author Glynn Parry describes Dee as "a famous and distinctive Renaissance figure, whether as an astrologer, alchemist, polymath intellectual, or sometime adviser to Elizabeth 1 and her Court". Accordingly he "aims to unlock the secret compartments of Dee's life ... that he was not an austere magician, remote, shunned and feared ... [and] reveals that he was immersed in Tudor society precisely because of his occult philosophy. Properly understood, the story of Dee's life opens a doorway to a forgotten Tudor landscape, not so much a world we have lost but a more strange, unfamiliar place that few modern readers can imagine."
For those interested in the history of mathematics there is only politics and a search for the philosophers stone "that will purify decaying bodies and society alike" as well as change any metal into gold or silver. Many mentions of his mathematics are given but no examples, of astronomical instruments but no descriptions, of studies in perspective and light rays through crystals, of his library of classical Arabic medieval and modern texts, of mathematics applied to law, observations of "Heavenly Influences" between 1547 and 1555, of "Stratarithmetrie" to arrange armies and military use of "perspective glasses", of advice on navigating the North-East passage to Cathay in 1553 using a "paradoxal compass" ... and comment on the search for the North-West passage seeking American gold, the supernova in the constellation of Cassiopeia in 1572, the Great Conjunction of Saturn and Jupiter in 1584, plus an unsuccessful attempt to reform the calendar by renumbering the 15th the 25th of December 1582. Only here we glimpse Dee who used his so-called "plain discourse" to display his voluminous learning, taking thirty-two pages to reiterate that the calendar had advanced eleven days ahead of the true solar year since the time of Christ.
Yet Dee has escaped us in this book and perhaps history. We are left with a "magnificent master alchemist", "the sixteenth-century's most remarkable account of angelic magic, [that] most defies historical explanation". But little else, and no examples, for those interested in the history of mathematics.
Malcolm Cameron
20 July 2012