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The Civil Wars in U.S. Labor: Birth of a New Workers' Movement or Death Throes of the Old? [Paperback]

Steve Early
4.7 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (7 customer reviews)

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Book Description

March 15, 2011
BETWEEN 2008 AND 2010, the progressive wing of the U.S. labor movement tore itself apart in a series of internecine struggles. More than $140 million was expended, by all sides, on organizing conflicts that tarnished union reputations and undermined the campaign for real health care and labor law reform. Campus and community allies, along with many rank-and-file union members, were left angered and dismayed.<

In this incisive new book, labor journalist Steve Early draws on scores of interviews and on his own union organizing experience to explain why and how these labor civil wars occurred. He examines the bitter disputes about union structure, membership rights, organizing strategy, and contract standards that enveloped SEIU, UNITE HERE, the California Nurses Association, and independent organizations like the Federaci�n de Maestros de Puerto Rico and the new National Union of Healthcare Workers in California. Along the way, we meet rank-and-file activists, local union officers, national leaders, and concerned friends of labor who were drawn into the fray.

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Editorial Reviews

Review

“Steve Early has long been a voice of distinctive clarity, honesty and intellectual seriousness in and about the labor movement.” 
—Adolph Reed, Jr., professor of political science, University of Pennsylvania


“Steve Early’s book describes the kind of anti-union campaigning by management that makes passage of the Employee Free Choice Act so necessary. Early’s account of how and why labor law reform has been stalled for the third time in the last 32 years should be required reading for all workers’ rights advocates. As the author notes, collective bargaining faces private sector extinction. To protect the right to organize, we still need changes in the Wagner Act itself—not just better appointments to the NLRB.”
—U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.)

“Civil Wars in U.S. Labor critiques a union culture that privileges control over the practice of democracy. With an honest eye, the author adds an essential chapter to the long history of rank-and-file efforts to keep unionism vibrant and engaged... compelling reading.”
—Vanessa Tait, author, Poor Workers’ Unions

"Civil Wars is as lively as it is detailed... [providing] insights into just what the labor movement can become when democracy takes hold and members get active. It will infuriate some, but inspire many more to build and transform their unions."
—Kim Moody, author, U.S. Labor in Trouble and Transition


“Although some union leaders may take issue with Steve Early’s blunt and forthright criticism of organized labor, no one can deny the clear and convincing case he makes for labor unity. As Early’s reporting on the fate of Employee Free Choice demonstrates, a union movement that can’t stay united behind basic principles and rights for its members eventually may find itself bereft of any principles, rights … or members.”
—Linda K. Foley, former president, The Newspaper Guild/CWA, and former member of AFL-CIO Executive Council

“Early's journalism is powerful because he has been in the trenches himself fighting to organize workers and make unions more democratic. This book is a must read, particularly for young organizers trying to make sense of contemporary American trade unionism."
—Peter Olney, Director of Organizing, International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU)

"Steve Early is not just another scholar situated outside the labor movement. For more than thirty-five years, he helped do the hard work of organizing and collective bargaining. His latest book confirms that there is no one with a better understanding of contemporary union problems. When he warns about the dangers of undemocratic practices, sweetheart deals with employers, and over reliance on the Democratic Party, we had better listen."
—Michael Yates, author, Why Unions Matter

“Steve Early’s account of recent troubles within and between progressive unions is an engaging and original work. Early is the most tenacious, free-thinking journalist covering labor today, respected by friend and foe alike. Civil Wars is essential to understanding how union centralization and top-down control have failed as a strategy for revitalizing the labor movement.”
—Immanuel Ness, professor, Brooklyn College, CUNY, editor, WorkingUSA and author, Immigrants, Unions and The New U.S. Labor Movement.

“This is Steve Early at his finest, committed, principled and practical. In Civil Wars, the true SEIU is revealed- no holds barred - its incarnation of corporate unionism is laid bare for all to see. Then, the author follows the remarkable rise of the National Union of Healthcare Workers. His book is a passionate appeal for clean, decent, democratic trade unionism and much more –it makes the case, urgently, honestly, for workers’ power.”
—Cal Winslow, labor historian and author, Labor’s Civil War In California

“Steve Early shows how leading unions are grappling with the trade-offs between contract standards and growth in the private sector. If the quid pro quo for organizing rights includes limiting workers' ability to build a real union and fight for better conditions in the future, that's a serious problem in any labor organization, including my own.”
—Sandy Pope, President of Teamsters Local 805 and candidate for IBT President

Civil Wars in U.S. Labor is a passionate, thoroughly researched indictment of recent misdeeds by America's second largest labor organization, the Service Employees International Union. It’s also a cri de coeur for union democracy, not just in principle or as a fine sentiment, but in highly practical ways that are illustrated throughout this rigorously-argued book. Anyone who cares about the future of American labor should read (and study) this 21st Century ‘J’accuse!’”
—Jack Metzgar, professor emeritus, Roosevelt University and author, Striking Steel

“The pleasures of Early as a writer stem, in part, from his never having had to face the anonymous blandness-generating torture chamber of academic peer review. His opinions have edges and his humor has a delightful snarkiness. If only more texts on labor were as well written or half as funny.”
—Robert Ross, Professor of Sociology, Clark University and author, Slaves To Fashion

Civil Wars penetrates the purple haze of confusion about a major union’s painful and destructive estrangement from its own members, other labor organizations, and longtime campus and community allies.”
—Randy Shaw, founder, Tenderloin Housing Clinic, co-editor of BeyondChron, and author, Beyond The Fields

“Democracy means having a choice and we, the rank-and-file members of NUHW, have been in a great struggle to insure that we do have a choice of unions in California hospitals and nursing homes. Steve Early's book shows that, when workers are faced with dictatorship, they will do what it takes to safeguard their rights and liberties.”
—Brenda Washington, LVN and NUHW Executive Board Member

“Early’s ability to merge humor and thoughtful analysis sets his work apart from much of the contemporary writing on organized labor, and makes it a strong contender for inclusion in labor extension and labor education curriculum.”
—Daisy Rooks, Department of Sociology, University of Montana

“Many who join the labor movement and participate in its critical struggles discover, sooner or later, that we are a movement with some major shortcomings. Invariably, if you speak out about these internal problems, you will be asked — or told — to keep them under wraps. Not Steve Early. In Civil Wars, he takes a hard look at recent union conflicts that became outright fiascos and a source of widespread political outrage.”
—Chris Townsend, Political Action Director, United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America (UE)

“Steve Early was one of the few North American journalists to report on the struggle of Puerto Rican teachers, when they came under attack by a tainted governor and his political ally, SEIU. As Early demonstrates, unions that combine participatory democracy, member engagement and aggressive action in the workplace provide a much-needed model for the rest of the labor movement.”
—Judy Sheridan-Gonzalez, RN, Puerto Rico Solidarity Network and Labor Notes Policy Committee

“This is a much needed piece of journalism. The author’s perspective on how ‘60s activists shaped the labor movement, for better or worse, adds both historical depth and personal flavor to the larger story. Civil Wars deserves a wide audience.”
—Kate Titus, former Change To Win organizer

“Steve Early takes us inside one of the most important struggles for union democracy in recent years. His book is a reflective, self-critical look at how radical reformers have shaped today’s union movement and how some have contributed to the problems we set out to correct.”
—Fernando Gapasin, Labor educator, activist, and co-author of Solidarity Divided

“Civil Wars doesn’t just make a principled argument for union democracy and rank-and-file militancy., it demonstrates that they are the key to organizing the unorganized and revitalizing working class resistance in an age of global capitalism. Labor activists and scholars, in both the United States and Canada, will find this book invaluable.”
—Peter Brogan, Department of Geography, York University and founding member, Greater Toronto Workers' Assembly

“Civil Wars shows how tens of thousands of low-wage women—who care for the young, the aged, and the infirm—have waged successful organizing campaigns, only to find that they lacked a sufficient voice in their own union. This is a story that only Steve Early could have told, with his insider’s access and rank-and-file orientation. There is no better guide to American labor’s continuing infirmities than this often-controversial but always insightful commentator.”
—Jane LaTour, Former Director, Association for Union Democracy Women’s Project and author, Sisters in the Brotherhoods

“My own labor council has seen raids on affiliates, driven by forces far from the lives of the workers who meet in our union hall each month. Union civil warfare is often viewed as mere personality conflicts or disputes over ‘jurisdiction.’ Early looks deeper, at the tough debates about how to rebuild the labor movement and the nature of the movement we are trying to build.”
—Jeff Crosby, President, IUE-CWA Local 201, and North Shore Central La...

About the Author

Steve Early, is a labor journalist and lawyer who has written for numerous publications including The Nation, The Boston Globe, the New York Times, and the Washington Post. He was a Boston-based international representative or organizer for the Communications Workers of America for 27 years, and is a member of the editorial advisory committees of three independent labor publications: Labor Notes, New Labor Forum and Working USA. His first book, from Monthly Review Press, is Embedded With Organized Labor: Journalistic Reflections on the Class War at Home.


Product Details

  • Paperback: 440 pages
  • Publisher: Haymarket Books (March 15, 2011)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 1608460991
  • ISBN-13: 978-1608460991
  • Product Dimensions: 5.5 x 1.1 x 8.5 inches
  • Shipping Weight: 1 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
  • Average Customer Review: 4.7 out of 5 stars  See all reviews (7 customer reviews)
  • Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #610,966 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

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Most Helpful Customer Reviews
14 of 14 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars The rise and fall of SEIU March 2, 2011
Format:Paperback
Steve Early's riveting history of the second-largest labor union in the U.S.--the rise and decline of SEIU (Service Employees International Union)--is a cautionary tale about SEIU's fatal flaw: centralization of power by any means necessary.

Twenty years ago SEIU was one of the most progressive, influential unions in the U.S. Now the glory days of SEIU are over. Early tells us why. Andy Stern's Change To Win Federation, scarred by SEIU raids against the Puerto Rican Teachers Union and Unite Here, is in its last stage of self-destruction. No union in recent times raised hopes so high or sunk so low.

According to Early, serial trusteeships virtually destroyed the democratic infrastructure of the international union. Trusteeship is a form of martial law. Stern and Henry put more than 80 locals under trusteeship and forced mergers, all in a single decade. Locals were dismembered. Organizers were fired, elected shop stewards throughout the country removed. Trusteeships spawned a culture of resignation, conformity and fear. No labor union in modern history, not even the mob-run Teamsters in the 50s, has employed trusteeship so ruthlessly or systematically as SEIU.

Early also recounts a series of corruption scandals, from Tyrone Freeman to Byron Hobbes. But more important, he draws a connection between corruption in SEIU and the loyal-or-else patronage system, the hierarchy, which trusteeships established. Far from saving local unions from local improprieties, trusteeships introduced corruption and favoritism into locals once healthy and democratic.

Along with Vanessa Tait, author of POOR WORKERS' UNIONS, and Randy Shaw, author of BEYOND THE FIELDS, Early is a passionate, well-informed defender of member-powered unions.
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5 of 5 people found the following review helpful
Format:Paperback
Steve Early has produced an excellent book - well written and thoroughly researched. Anyone concerned about the state of the US labor movement must check out this book, particularly as it relates to how company unionism, corrupt practices, lack of democracy and personality cults (as exemplified by the leadership of SEIU) contribute to the weakening the US labor movement and the decline in US workers' living standards.
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6 of 7 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Civil Wars in US Labor is a "Must Read" March 17, 2011
Format:Paperback
Early's book is definitely a "must read" for anyone interested in the labor movement. It's well researched and contains important insights about the current struggles of the U.S. labor movement. As someone who was involved in many of the union battles that Early analyzes, I find it especially helpful to have Early turn his sharp intellect and analytical skills to this important topic. It's an important book for anyone interested in the future of the labor movement.
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3 of 3 people found the following review helpful
Format:Paperback
The 5-million strong coalition of unions Change to Win split from the AFL-CIO (American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations), the USA's TUC, in 2005. Change to Win backed union mergers, whatever the members' views, whatever the logic of retaining a craft or professional base. It favoured one union per industry. The President of the Service Employees International Union (SIEU), Andy Stern, was the driving force behind the split.

This fascinating book details the subsequent infighting in the US trade union movement, infighting that cost an estimated $140 million of members' money. As Sol Rosselli, former President of United Healthcare Workers, observed, "Stern's multi-million dollar fights have diverted resources away from healthcare reform and employee free choice, weakening the former and scuttling the latter. These wars of choice have taken a toll on the unions' finances as well as on Stern's credibility." Rosselli pointed out that when Stern retired (on a $200,000 a year pension, and as a director of SIGA Technologies), he left behind `a workers' organization in disarray, undemocratic, unable to pay its bills, and unwilling to defend its members, with a crisis of leadership from top to bottom'.

The SIEU gave more than $60 million to Obama's election campaign. Yet Obama's Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act mandated individual medical coverage and greatly expanded the role of private insurance companies in providing it. Obama had also promised labour law reform, but failed here too.

The SIEU claimed it had three `core jurisdictions' - health care, property services and government employment. But this did not stop it aggressively trying to recruit in the garment, textile, laundry, distribution and hospitality industries.
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3 of 4 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars How did we get here and where are we going? May 18, 2011
By Sara W
Format:Paperback
Great criticism is often born out of an even greater love, and such is the case with The Civil Wars in U.S. Labor. By unraveling the recent history of SEIU, Steve Early argues that democratic, locally-controlled unions are a necessary condition for, rather than an impediment to, labor's larger organizing and political goals.

The entire book is highly readable and well-cited, but one section in particular really hit home for me. As a former communications grunt for the AFL-CIO during the Employee Free Choice Act and healthcare campaigns, I was in the awkward position of going back to our membership again and again, asking them to shoot for smaller and smaller goals with bigger and splashier actions. I suspected, but scarcely had the time or access to confirm, that SEIU's Andy Stern was the only labor leader who had the White House's attention, and that he wasn't about to make waves. The ultimate failure of the agenda that workers wanted is thoroughly documented in Chapter 9.

Civil Wars is a dose of tough love for the entire labor movement, and if recent protests in Wisconsin and elsewhere are any indication, perhaps it is just in the nick of time. The fragile possibility of a labor resurgence led by working people themselves is still alive.
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